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Open Access Article

1 - Examples of Romantic in Mahmoud Sami al-Baroudi's Poetry
Yaser hooshyar Firooz harirchi

Romantic Literary School at the beginning of its existence was considered as a clearly visible renewal in feeling and thinking both. This literary school was a revolution against the restrictions established by classical literary schools. In fact, romantic is one of the More

Romantic Literary School at the beginning of its existence was considered as a clearly visible renewal in feeling and thinking both. This literary school was a revolution against the restrictions established by classical literary schools. In fact, romantic is one of the literal branches that formed first in Europe, and then in the nineteenth century came into Arabic literature, and Arabic Literature was influenced by it. Mahmoud Sami Al-Baroudi, the famous poet and also the pioneer of modernism in Arabic poetry, was among people influenced and inspired by this school.   The present study the romantic examples of Al-Baroodi's poetry which considered as the manifestation of his poetical innovations has been surveyed. The tendencies toward romantic can be apparently seen in his poetry. There, he was influenced by romantic school, as the various tendencies of classical and realism overcomes him, the romantic works. The most important romantic themes in Baroudi's poetry are as follows: nature, love, enthusiasm, complains about society, invitation to loneliness and isolation. Manuscript profile

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2 - A Research on Love and Motherland's Image in Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati and Salah Abdel Sabour's Poetries
Sakineh Saremi Geravi Seyyed Hossein Seyyedi

Romanticism is an emotional reaction to wisdom and is a tendency to bold human's ego toward dreams, historical background as well as unknown lands. Freedom, naturism, emotion and excitement, historical and geographical travels are of the most important principles of thi More

Romanticism is an emotional reaction to wisdom and is a tendency to bold human's ego toward dreams, historical background as well as unknown lands. Freedom, naturism, emotion and excitement, historical and geographical travels are of the most important principles of this school. Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati and Salah Abdel Sabour are well known and capable Iraqi poets who both are pioneers in romanticism and homeland, love, nostalgia and homesickness are the obvious and apparent elements in their poetries. The mentioned elements express sadness and grief in their poetries and some assumptions are presented in this article: 1- Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati and Salah Abdel Sabour are civil romanticism followers. 2- Geographical travel and escaping the living town to reach the hometown is obvious in their works. The aim of the present paper is to recover the method of romanticism's basics and fundamentals as well as expressing the similarities and differences of Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati and Salah Abdel Sabour's Poetries with analytical – descriptive method to prove the abovementioned assumptions. Manuscript profile

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3 - External sources of Jibran Khalil Jibran's view to death
Habib Keshavarz

Death is a natural phenomenon that has been talked by both ancient and modern literati. Contemporary literati have talked a lot about this and sometimes their opinions have been very different. Also, their view to death is deeper and more emotional than the past. Jibran More

Death is a natural phenomenon that has been talked by both ancient and modern literati. Contemporary literati have talked a lot about this and sometimes their opinions have been very different. Also, their view to death is deeper and more emotional than the past. Jibran Khalil Jibran is one of these literati who have spoken a lot about death in his poems and prose and his view of this phenomenon is different from the view of the ancestors. Jibran who is one of the most famous literati of the northern mahjar and one of the members of Al-Rabeta Al-Qalamiya. In his view, in addition to his personality traits and the death of his sister and mother, he was also influenced by Western literati and schools including Nietzsche, Edgar Allan Poe and William Blake, and the school of Romantic and Romantic literati. He loved death, which was one of the influences of the Romantic school. He felt homesick in this world and believed that death would eliminate this homelessness, save man, and heal him. Manuscript profile

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4 - Sadness and Grief in Ibrahim Naji’s Poetry
Bahman Hadiloo Ali Hossein Gholami Aqaj

Sadness is one of the common phenomena in many Arabic contemporary odes which is proportionate with modern civilization and today’s problems. Grief’s phenomenon is a general feature in Arabic poetry and is more remarkable in romantic poetry. Ibrahim Naji is More

Sadness is one of the common phenomena in many Arabic contemporary odes which is proportionate with modern civilization and today’s problems. Grief’s phenomenon is a general feature in Arabic poetry and is more remarkable in romantic poetry. Ibrahim Naji is pionner in this type of poetry amongst Egyptian poets who is more interested in glory; in a way that reader finds out sorrowful whispers which unwrap his thoughts and opinions by studying his works. The mentioned songs are more appear in the themes such as love, life, Egypt and death and etc. the present article attempts focus on the manifestation of sadness and grief and their reasons and also tries to point out the concept of  sorrow in Arabic literature; the method id descriptive – analytical.   Manuscript profile

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5 - The romance in poetry of sayyid Qutb
Reyhane Molazadeh

"Sayyid Qutb" is known as one of the most obliged poets of contemporary Egypt. He played a pioneering role in Critics literature. His poetry is belongs to romance poetic school. His structural style with the clarity in meaning transparent phrases and smoothness.

"Sayyid Qutb" is known as one of the most obliged poets of contemporary Egypt. He played a pioneering role in Critics literature. His poetry is belongs to romance poetic school. His structural style with the clarity in meaning transparent phrases and smoothness. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Romantic and Parnassistic rhethoric bases of image in Arabic poetry
Majid Salehbek Muhammad Hadi Moradi Naser Misaghi

Today there are various definitions of the 'image'. The most general concept of it as Day Lewis says: 'is a painting resulted from words or is an effort for linguistic show of experience as artistic form. Poet's success in artistic expression and creative application of More

Today there are various definitions of the 'image'. The most general concept of it as Day Lewis says: 'is a painting resulted from words or is an effort for linguistic show of experience as artistic form. Poet's success in artistic expression and creative application of language is termed rhethoric. Accurate reflection of reality without interference of imagination can weaken or destroy rhethoric. So, literary schools insist on the necessity of taking into account image constituents and they formulated it according to certain philosophical principles. By such looking, it is obvious that the difference between the attitudes of literary schools depends on the difference between their related philosophical bases. The two schools of parnassism and romanticism are also have totally opposite views to the art of poetic constituents because of the difference between their interested philosophical bases. Thus, the present article seeks to study fundamental bases of image rhethoric from the view point of these two schools, and deal with the preparatory causes of this confrontation. Then seeks to explain manifestations of this contrast. The most important achievement of the article is that the most remarkable features reflect in the attention to or ignorance of the individuality, to serve the beuty as device or target, and the way of encounter with the nature. Manuscript profile

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7 - The Representation of Romanticism in the Poetry of Abulghasem Shabi
Abdolhamid Ahmadi

Romanticism as an artistic, philosophical movement was an innovation in the expression of feeling and emotion. This school was a reaction against all restrictions imposed by Neo-classicism. Romanticism is a profound literary revolution which culminates in the production More

Romanticism as an artistic, philosophical movement was an innovation in the expression of feeling and emotion. This school was a reaction against all restrictions imposed by Neo-classicism. Romanticism is a profound literary revolution which culminates in the production of highly individualistic works. This movement arrived the Arab world while it had passed its prime in Europe. The Arab countries which were undertaking some miserable historical transformations welcome this school. As a poet deeply influenced by Romanticism, Shabi brilliantly represented Romanticism in Tunisia, though he lived a short life. This paper will study the elements of Romanticism in the poetry of Shabi. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Studying Fictional Motifs in Samname
Zahra Dorri Parisa Imani Gouradel

دراسة الدوالّ القصصیة فی سام نامه (رسالة سام)

Studying Persian heroic epic verses affected by narrative tradition and Shahname is one of the areas that can be analyzed from  different perspectives. Samname which is considered as the last national epic in Persian Literature and apparently is written in late 7th More

Studying Persian heroic epic verses affected by narrative tradition and Shahname is one of the areas that can be analyzed from  different perspectives. Samname which is considered as the last national epic in Persian Literature and apparently is written in late 7th century and early 8th century – if we accept to be written by Khajooye Kermani- is among these works which is similar to Shahname for it is influenced by epic tradition and existence of a romance element on the one hand and a hero who escapes using his own ways to reach his beloved on the other hand and these features make this work a heroic romance. The present study deals with recognition and analysis of fictional motifs of the work in order to compare it to  other fictional and narrative works and therefore to determine better role for Samnameh in evolution of different literary genres in Persian literature. In this study, supernatural motifs including heroic- crafty, romantic and dignity motifs are among most famous motifs applied in this literary genre. Main characteristic of choosing and investigating the motifs in this work is existence of two factors i.e. repetition and motivation which are suitable criteria for offering frequency chart to be compared to other Persian epic or romantic verses.  Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Renewal music for Ibrahim Naji
Mahdi Momtahen

Considered Ibrahim Naji from Rowe Ed renewal and Media contemporary Arabic poetry and the mode of the contract between the Poets Egyptian Glory Dean, who Tat By Poets of the modern era . Renewal has going on in different angles, some&n More

Considered Ibrahim Naji from Rowe Ed renewal and Media contemporary Arabic poetry and the mode of the contract between the Poets Egyptian Glory Dean, who Tat By Poets of the modern era . Renewal has going on in different angles, some T. New in the music and poetry in his imagination, but in the And Methods . This research tries in the subject Renewal Music when the poet's glory D On the road to the investigation and characterization and analysis . From the results of this research felt like Naji Balmoshat Andalusian poet and use the weights also is used instead of the house chopped . Depends on the survivor in his hair of characters that help to highlight the word that fits the atmosphere of psychological meaning . That «Nagy» remade in the music of poetry and imagination, but in words and ideas and .... Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Elements of Romanticism in the Poetry of Fadwa Touqan
Reyhaneh Mollazadeh

   After the third decade of 20th century the social political and intellectual conditions in the Arab world prepared the field for romantic revolution. This school surrounded public favor for a long time. Arab generation was influenced by romanticism and was More

   After the third decade of 20th century the social political and intellectual conditions in the Arab world prepared the field for romantic revolution. This school surrounded public favor for a long time. Arab generation was influenced by romanticism and was acquainted with the principles of this school by translation of western  literature .One of the offspring’s of this generation is contemporary Palestinian poetess Fadwa Touqan who empowered  the base of Palestine poem after his brother Ebrahim Touqan .Her first poetry sequence was influenced by this school. From this point of view this article investigates Fadwa Touqan's poem on the base of descriptive analysis approach reveal the main romantic propositions in her first poetical works. Manuscript profile

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