List of Articles آزادسازی تجاری

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  1 - A Survey of the Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment, Clean Energy, Trade Liberalization, Economic Growth with Energy Demand in Iran
  Ahmad Ali Asadpour Elena Eskeroochi
  Energy is one of the most important inputs for development and production. Trying to efficient use of energy in all the advanced countries of the world is the most important factor for sustainable industrial development. Determine the relationship between economic growt More

  Energy is one of the most important inputs for development and production. Trying to efficient use of energy in all the advanced countries of the world is the most important factor for sustainable industrial development. Determine the relationship between economic growth, foreign direct investment and trade liberalization in the energy, not only considerable political implications, but it is essential to achieve sustainable development goals.The present study investigated how foreign direct investment, clean energy, trade liberalization, economic growth are related to energy demand in Iran over 1976-2012. Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) and Vector Error Correction Model were used to determine long-term relationships. Empirical results indicated that foreign direct investment, trade liberalization, CO emissions, and economic growth are directly correlated with energy demand. In addition, the results from Vector Error Correction Model indicated the slow trend of adjustment towards equilibrium. Manuscript profile
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  2 - تبیین مقررات سرمایه‌گذاری در مناطق آزاد تجاری ایران و انطباق آن با اصول حاکم بر سازمان تجارت جهانی
  حلیمه خلیلی رضا سلطانی محمود جلالی
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  3 - تأثیرآزادسازی تجاری بر رشد اقتصادی کشورهای منتخب حوزه خاورمیانه (با تأکید برمدل‌های رشد درون‌زا)
  ابوالقاسم مهدوی مرضیه طاهری هنجنی فاطمه شمس الاحرار
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  4 - بررسی تأثیر آزادسازی تجاری بر روی رشد صادرات و واردات کشورهای عضو سازمان همکاری های اسلامی
  احمد سرلک مجتبی قیاسی
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  5 - The Impact of Trade Liberalization on Net Exports (Case Study of Selected countries)
  عباس معمارنژاد سمانه سادات عجایبی
  Over the past two decades, trade has been an engine of growth and reduction of poverty. Trade liberalization is a dominant process for integration of developing countries into the world economy. Trade liberalization refers to the removal of government incentives and re More

  Over the past two decades, trade has been an engine of growth and reduction of poverty. Trade liberalization is a dominant process for integration of developing countries into the world economy. Trade liberalization refers to the removal of government incentives and restrictions from trade between nations. This research studies the impact of trade liberalization on net exports of developing and newly industrialized economies. To accomplish this task, we collected a panel data set of 11 countries over 1999-2006. Our sample includes Iran, Chile, China, Brazil, Turkey, South Korea, Tunisia, Malaysia, Indonesia, India, and Mexico. To test the effects of Terms of Trade, real GDP, and the foreign income on net export, we use the pooled regression model as the baseline for our comparison. For the period of our study, we find strong evidence that trade liberalization leads to higher net exports and overall trade balance. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Investigating the effect of structural change policies on Iran's domestic investment
  seyed reza pournaghi Ahmad Jafari Samimi Farid Asgari Farzaneh Khalili
  10.30495/ecomag.2024.709733
  Purpose: Investment is considered one of the most important components of economic growth, so that the fluctuations of this variable will cause economic prosperity or stagnation. Based on this, for a long-time theorist have been trying to prepare a model to explain More

  Purpose: Investment is considered one of the most important components of economic growth, so that the fluctuations of this variable will cause economic prosperity or stagnation. Based on this, for a long-time theorist have been trying to prepare a model to explain investment behavior and identify the most important factors affecting it. Among the policies implemented in an economy, structural change policies are of great importance. Therefore, in this study, the role of structural change policies (privatization, financial liberalization, trade liberalization) as the most important economic policies on the investment volume in Iran has been investigated. Methodology: In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the autoregression model with extended intervals (ARDL) was used. The required information was received from the websites of Central Bank, Iran Statistics Center and Privatization Organization for the period from 1991 to 2020. The variables of the value of transferred assets and the intensity of trade indicate the policy of privatization and trade liberalization, respectively. The variables of floating exchange rate, foreign assets of the central bank and the value of stock transactions to GDP indicate the policy of financial liberalization. Findings: The results of this research showed that only the privatization policy had a positive (non-significant) effect on the country's investment, and the policies of financial liberalization and trade liberalization have different behaviors in the short and long term on domestic investment. The trade liberalization variable has a positive effect in the short term and a negative effect on investment in the long term. Examining the variables that make up the financial liberalization policy shows that financial liberalization has no significant effect on investment in the short term, and the effect of this policy is significant in the long term. Each of the coefficients of the variables of the central bank's foreign assets, free exchange rate, value of stock transactions to GDP is equal to -0.05, -0.24 and 0.26 respectively. Among the mentioned variables, the free exchange rate and the value of stock transactions have a significant effect on domestic investment. The effect of these two variables on investment is positive (0.02) in the long term, also the total price index variables and the ratio of construction expenditures to current will cause a decrease and the gross domestic product will cause an increase in investment. The value of the estimated error correction coefficient (-0.85) shows that 85% of domestic investment imbalances are eliminated in each period. In other words, the imbalance in domestic investment will be resolved in less than two periods (2 years). Conclusion: The extensive changes caused by the implementation of structural change policies in different countries led to the study of the effects of financial liberalization and trade liberalization policies on the country's investment during the period from 1991 to 2020. The results of the estimation of the autoregression model with wide intervals show that only the privatization policy has a positive (non-significant) effect on the country's investment, and the policies of financial liberalization and trade liberalization have different behaviors in the short and long term on investment. They have internal Therefore, it is recommended that in the implementation of the aforementioned policies, their possible results are predicted in advance and appropriate measures are taken to compensate for the short-term negative effects. Increasing the degree of openness of the economy, which requires the acceleration of trade exchanges, will increase investment in the country in the short term. Therefore, it is necessary for the government to provide the grounds for attracting domestic investment by reforming the appropriate structure in this sector. Also, in order to eliminate the negative effects of the implementation of this policy in the long term, it is necessary to specify a limit on the level of trade liberalization in the country in order to reduce the negative effects of this policy in the long term. Considering the effect of the total price index on investment, it is recommended that the government always pays attention to the creation of economic stability and the control of the inflation rate, because inflation (price index) in addition to reducing the real interest rate, has caused an increase in uncertainty about the future. and reduces investment. Considering the positive effect of the country's gross domestic product on investment, one of the most important recommendations for the growth of investment in the country is to adopt growth-oriented policies. Also, due to the variable negative effect of the ratio of construction expenditures to current expenditures in this study, it is necessary to change the balance of government expenditures (construction and current expenditures) in favor of the country's construction expenditures, in addition to implementing financial expansion policies for the growth of the economy. investment in the country will increase. So that the results of this study showed that the low share of construction expenses compared to current expenses caused the effect of government expenses (the ratio of these two expenses to each other) on domestic investment to be evaluated negatively. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Analyze the impact of trade liberalization on unemployment: a case study of selected developing countries
  alireaz amini solale moradzadeh
  Abstract Trade liberalization execution, because of positive effect on productivity or efficiency, considered by policymakers in most developing countries. One of the concerns of developing countries in the implementation of the policy, is the negative impact on employ More

  Abstract Trade liberalization execution, because of positive effect on productivity or efficiency, considered by policymakers in most developing countries. One of the concerns of developing countries in the implementation of the policy, is the negative impact on employment. In this regard, the present study is to answer the question of whether trade liberalization leads to an increase in unemployment in developing countries? In order to maintain a relatively homogeneous economic structure, eighteen upper-middle income country such as Iran is selected. Data which used in this project are for the years 2000-2009. We used defined indicator by the Fraser Institute entitled “freedom to trade internationally” for Trade liberalization Variable. Econometric method used in this study is generalized method of moments (GMM). Results of the study show that trade liberalization has a negative and meaningful effect on unemployment rate. This means that trade liberalization can have positive effect on increasing employment and decreasing unemployment. Also GDP has negative and meaningful effect on unemployment and labor force and capital per head variables have positive and meaningful effect on unemployment According to theoretical expectations Manuscript profile
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  8 - تأثیر پس انداز و آزاد سازی بر توسعه کشورهای عضو اوپک
  سعید منصوریان طبایی سیدمجتبی حسین زاده یوسف آباد بهزاد زمانی کرد شولی
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  9 - نئولیبرالیسم و تاثیر آن برتوسعه اقتصادی در نظام جمهوری اسلامی ایران
  حسین جوشن لو نسرین خانیها
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  10 - The impact on economic growth, development and financial uncertainty in Selected Asian Countries
  K. Karabulut A. Shahinpour B. Shadizali
  The efficient and strong  financial markets are assumed the main part of economic. Without having an efficient finance could not attain to financial development. In fact the turnover of optimal economic in every society is depended on to two part of real and financ More

  The efficient and strong  financial markets are assumed the main part of economic. Without having an efficient finance could not attain to financial development. In fact the turnover of optimal economic in every society is depended on to two part of real and finance is strong  and efficient. The activity of both parts is accounted the necessity and sufficient condition for  and economics system. With regard to financial liberalization and openness and the impact of financial development is the most topic important of economics policy. based on  impact  achieving economics growth and maintaining an economy without dependence to foreign countries this study is besides on examining the assumption that developing  the trade and financial development cause economic growth and the impact of financial volatility is decreasing economic growth in selected Asian countries during 1980-2010. In order to finding the best solution in the way of economic policy to economic growth. Therefore the econometrics approach is based on Ranceier and loayza (2006) in panel data and generalized method of moments (GMM) approach. The empirical results show that financial development has growth impact while the shocks of financial depth(financial fragility) has negative impact on economic growth. Manuscript profile
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  11 - اثر آزاد سازی تجاری بر بخشهای صنعت و کشاورزی در کشورهای منا
  نونزاد نونزاد شراره مجلسی
  چکیده     جهانی شدن فرایندی اجتناب ناپذیر است که آزادسازی تجاری به عنوان نماد اصلی آن فرصتها و تهدید‌هایی را پیش‌روی کشور‌ها قرار داده است. کشورهای در حال توسعه از جمله کشور‌های منا در پی رسیدن به نتایج بهتری از طریق آزاد سازی تجاری هستند، بنابراین تحقیق More

  چکیده     جهانی شدن فرایندی اجتناب ناپذیر است که آزادسازی تجاری به عنوان نماد اصلی آن فرصتها و تهدید‌هایی را پیش‌روی کشور‌ها قرار داده است. کشورهای در حال توسعه از جمله کشور‌های منا در پی رسیدن به نتایج بهتری از طریق آزاد سازی تجاری هستند، بنابراین تحقیق در مورد اثر آزاد سازی تجاری بر بخش‌های صنعت و کشاورزی این کشور‌ها، از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است. در این تحقیق با استفاده از روش‌ داده‌های تلفیقی و آمارهای مربوط به سالهای 2009-1997، اثر آزاد سازی تجاری بر بخشهای صنعت و کشاورزی در کشور‌های منا تخمین زده شده است. نتایج این تحقیق نشان می‌دهند که آزاد سازی تجاری اثر مثبت و معنی داری بر بخشهای صنعت و کشاورزی کشور‌های منا دارد.  Manuscript profile