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Open Access Article
1 - A comparative study of the "feeling of inferiority" theory and ways to deal with it based on Adler's individualistic psychology In the poems of Iranian and Arab women poets (Simin Behbahani, Ghade Alsman)
zahra karimi sepideh sepehri arezo shomali oskoei elahe hajihaPsychoanalytic criticism is a new and visionary criticism in which the researcher or critic aims to reveal hidden aspects or different behavioral angles and psychological signs in a given work, whether literary or... to analyze the personality of the writer, artist or f MorePsychoanalytic criticism is a new and visionary criticism in which the researcher or critic aims to reveal hidden aspects or different behavioral angles and psychological signs in a given work, whether literary or... to analyze the personality of the writer, artist or fictional characters.Individualistic psychology was founded by Alfred Adler and one of the theories in this individualistic psychology is the theory of inferiority. In this article, which is done in a descriptive-analytical way based on document analysis and the method of library studies, the poems of two contemporary Iranian and Arab poets (Simin Behbahani, Ghadeh Al-Saman) are analyzed and examined based on the theory of inferiority complex based on Adler's individualistic psychology. Placed. The results of the research show that the feeling of inferiority in the poems of Simin Behbahani and Ghade Alsman was due to gender discrimination in the society, and the most important components and indicators that can be found in the poems based on Alfred Adler's individualistic psychology to deal with the feeling of inferiority These two female poets saw, including the mechanisms of superiority, social interest, despair and loneliness, isolation and withdrawal; Glory and protest and love. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - An Analysis of the Leadership Features of Imām Khomeyni from the Perspective of Political Psychology
Maasoud Akhavan Kazemi Omid Shokraneh ArzanaghiThe purpose of the present study is to review the components of Imām Khomeyni's leadership and behavior from the view of theorists in the field of political psychology and political science. In this regard and using a descriptive-analytic method, it was attempted to exp MoreThe purpose of the present study is to review the components of Imām Khomeyni's leadership and behavior from the view of theorists in the field of political psychology and political science. In this regard and using a descriptive-analytic method, it was attempted to explain the essence, character, and political behavior of his leadership and the cause of his deep impact on the social, cultural, and political transformations. The comparative review of the two theories by Alfred Adler and Max Weber and leadership characteristics of Imām Khomeyni revealed that some of appropriate strategies in his political behavior include commitment, justice, self-purification, avoidance of hypocrisy, life style, creativity, decisiveness, and so on. Contrary to charismatic leaders and Max Weber's theory, he paid attention to the consolidating role of people and regarded the source of legitimacy to be divine not personal. He was immensely against gathering fanatic followers for himself as well as mass and passive outlook on people. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The Study of Noteworthy Fratricides in Shahnameh Based on Alfred Adler’s Theory of Inferiority Complex
Mehri TalkhabiThis paper is classified in the field of psychological literature, and in which the stories of fratricide in Shahnameh are studied through considering Alfred Adler’s theory of inferiority complex. Then, it tries to research the reactions of the characters of the s MoreThis paper is classified in the field of psychological literature, and in which the stories of fratricide in Shahnameh are studied through considering Alfred Adler’s theory of inferiority complex. Then, it tries to research the reactions of the characters of the stories to reveal what objectives direct their actions and behavior. Finally, it is concluded that the real motivation for humans' behavior is mainly their sense of superiority and immodesty which has roots in inferiority complex. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - اثربخشی آموزش والدین با رویکرد آدلر-درایکورس بر مهارتهای عصب روانشناختی و رفتار اجتماعی کودکان مبتلا به اختلال نقصتوجه و بیشفعالی
زهرا خلقی اصغر آقایی هادی فرهادی -
Open Access Article
5 - The Effectiveness of Positive discipline with Adler-Dreikurs Approach on parenting stress in mothers of students with specific learning disabilities
Seyyed Amir Ghasemtabar Daneshmand, Badrosadat Fateme-sadat Hosseini Ali NajarpourianThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positive discipline with Adler-Dreikurs Approach on parenting stress in mothers of students with specific learning disabilities. The design of this study is experimental with pre-test- post-test- follow up and control MoreThis study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positive discipline with Adler-Dreikurs Approach on parenting stress in mothers of students with specific learning disabilities. The design of this study is experimental with pre-test- post-test- follow up and control group. The statistical population of the present research includes all mothers of the 3rd to 6th grade elementary students with learning disabilities in Tehran's 3rd district in 2017-2018 academic year, among whom 32 mothers were selected as research sample by random sampling method and assigned to experimental and control group randomly. Intervention group received Positive discipline training for eight weeks (one 2-hour session per week). Control group received none. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, Colorado Learning Difficulties Questionnaire, and Parental Stress Index, Short Form were used for gathering the data. Results of the mixed variance analysis showed significant reduction in mothers' parenting stress score of the experimental group in post-test and follow up (P< 0/001). The manner of the effect of Positive discipline with Adler-Dreikurs Approach on parenting stress in mothers of students with specific learning disabilities was discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Similarity between Islamic Mysticism Lessons and Adler’s Individual Psycology
Mohammad Reza Fereydooni Seyyed Meysam MousavianThe challenge between the therapist and religious clients in psychology is a serious issue that arises due to differences in the vision and the way of looking at God, man, and the world between the therapist and the client. The therapist's unbelievable view of spiritual MoreThe challenge between the therapist and religious clients in psychology is a serious issue that arises due to differences in the vision and the way of looking at God, man, and the world between the therapist and the client. The therapist's unbelievable view of spiritual issues and religious truths spreads a thick veil of mistrust between him and his religious clients, which influences the healing process. Adler's psychology is one of the important schools in psychology that pays attention to the spiritual and religious views of clients. Benchmarks of Adlerian psychology are will, human kindness, love, etc. These concepts have a special development and existential field in Islamic mysticism. Such a common ground between Adler's psychology and Islamic mysticism is a significant issue that necessitates research into the content convergence of the teachings of Islamic psychology and mysticism. The present study, which has been done in the analytical-descriptive method extracts some central ideas in the two fields of Adlerian psychology and Islamic mysticism. The existence of such discussions shows the capacity of Islamic mysticism in the field of healing. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - An investigation of Parvin E'tesami’s poems with an approach to reaction theory (double compensation) of Alfred Adler
Fariba Sadeghi Nahid Akbari Suzan JahanianStudies reflecting the women’s image in society has always been of interest to the different fields of science which can be considered from different aspects. Parvin E'tesami is one of the prominent poets of the constitutional era and the reign of Reza Shah, whose MoreStudies reflecting the women’s image in society has always been of interest to the different fields of science which can be considered from different aspects. Parvin E'tesami is one of the prominent poets of the constitutional era and the reign of Reza Shah, whose poems in the realm of literature have moral, social and political themes. Regarding the Adler’s personality theory in psychology, this study aimed to investigate the reflection of the inferiority complexes and compensation methods against the governing community in the poems of Parvin E’tesami.E’tesami in her poems criticized the man-centered society by describing the disillusioned emotions and feelings of women. Authors attempt to represent the procedure of transforming the feeling of inferiority to the complex and the reaction of compensation against the pressures of injustice towards women in her poems.Results revealed that disregarding her and her counterparts in the patriarchal environment has created a feeling of inferiority and the resulting complex. The poet, as a represntative of deprived and disillusioned women, highlights the role of women in the society in order to compensate the inferiority. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Psychological Analysis of Olduz Storytelling Characters and Crows Relying on Freud, Jung and Adler Theory
fereshte ahmadi yuosef nikrouzThe works of children's literature in poetry and prose like the literary works of adults can be studied and studied from various aspects. Children's stories in narrative are usually simple and easy to understand, but the infrastructure can be full of psychological and i MoreThe works of children's literature in poetry and prose like the literary works of adults can be studied and studied from various aspects. Children's stories in narrative are usually simple and easy to understand, but the infrastructure can be full of psychological and interpretable points in the field of psychology. Children's literature is a good platform for indirect discussion of psychological issues; Because the subconscious addresses the child and prepares him to face the outside world by substituting positive and negative psychological issues. Psychological critique is one of the branches that can provide many clues to understand and solve the problems of a work, along with other methods of critique. in this article first, an introduction about the position of psychological critique and the presentation of experts' opinions in this regard were presented, then the scientific background of research and research has been done. The following is a summary of the story of the oldoz and the crows; And after explaining Freud, Jung, and Adler, we have separately critiqued the psychological analysis of the characters in the story. The results of this study show that Freud's views such as defense mechanisms, Jung archetypes and concepts of the inferiority complex are crystallized in the characters of the story according to Adler's theory. This critique suggests that there is a capacity for psychological critique in the depths of children's stories, especially in the story in question, and that this type of critique can be used to understand the depths of their personalities. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - A Psychoanalytical Reading of ForoughFarrokhzad’sPoetry through looking glass of Freud and Adler
Ali Dehghan Soheila GhasemiPsychology criticism tries to publicize the motives and mental excitements and the affective factors on creature of a literary work by using the work itself and on the other hand by the help of the author or poet’s biography by emphasizing on psychology and psycho MorePsychology criticism tries to publicize the motives and mental excitements and the affective factors on creature of a literary work by using the work itself and on the other hand by the help of the author or poet’s biography by emphasizing on psychology and psychoanalysis principles. And it tries to know whether the enthusiasm, interest and agitation of the work is feigned or is the reflection of creator’s distracted and plaintive soul? And wants to know what factor has caused the enthusiasm and agitation like this? Honesty and artistic soul which have the elements like creativity, sensitiveness and is released from the net of molds and mottos, give the confident answer to psychoanalysis researches. Forough Farrokhzad’s personality includes the whole of these features. Therefore, in this research, Forough’s poems inspected based on Freud and Adler’s psychoanalysis viewpoints and distinguished that various defense mechanisms is seen against her depression and mental anxieties in her poems. And varieties complexes and mental motivations have influenced her life style and her instinct and poem perfection. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Psychoanalytic critique of Masoumeh character in novel “Sahm-e-Man” based on Alfred Adler theory
saeedeh samimi Dr.Parvaneh Adelzadeh DR.Kamran Pashaei,Alfred Adler is the founder of individual psychology and one of the first famous critics of the theory of psychoanalysis and the creator of movement in a psychological movement. Adler defines human being as a social creature. Adler’s view of the problem of psychol MoreAlfred Adler is the founder of individual psychology and one of the first famous critics of the theory of psychoanalysis and the creator of movement in a psychological movement. Adler defines human being as a social creature. Adler’s view of the problem of psychology can be solved by translating the problem of communication between humans. A sense of inferiority and inferiority complex are two popular terms in individual psychology. Adler defines sense of inferiority as a force that has been given to human beings to move towards positive aspects of life. On the other hand, Adler has emphasized that adverse environmental conditions can lead the sense of inferiority to inferiority complex. Adler highlights the concept of false compensation in the realm of psychology, which person uses to balance one’s psyche. This article deals with the psychoanalytic critique of the novel “Sahm-e-Man” by a descriptive-analytical approach. The author refers to the underlying causes of the inferiority complex and the mechanisms of compensation in the main character of the novel “Masoumeh” according to Adler theory of life style. Research findings show that environment is one of the main factors in creating inferiority complex in the main character, which originated from unfavorable environmental conditions of family and dialectical behavior of mother and father with children. Accordingly, inferiority complex has severed in Masoumeh and created various forms of psychological imbalance; therefore, to compensate for her discrete psychic balance, she has made false compensation which has led to many problems in her. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - A study of the Inferiority Complex of the main character in the novel "the last game of Banou" based on the views of Alfred Adler.
Rouholah Khadivpour sara Zirak The works of Belgheis Soleimani (1963) expressing the difficulties of women is a solid ground for psychoanalytics. Thus in this research we have psychoanalytically provided a description of the female character "Golbanou" in the novel "the last game of Banou" And More The works of Belgheis Soleimani (1963) expressing the difficulties of women is a solid ground for psychoanalytics. Thus in this research we have psychoanalytically provided a description of the female character "Golbanou" in the novel "the last game of Banou" And we responded to the essential question "which factors have led to an inferiority complex in Golbanou's character?" Results of the study show that the initial conditions of upbringing of Golbanou, namely her being abused and punished, constitute the basis for the formation of one such complex, mainly characterized by her mother's hostility and unethical behavior besides a lack of support from her father. And ultimately Golbanou's failure in compensating for her feelings of inferiority lead to the inferiority complex. Among the most vital elements involved in construction of such character are poverty and the suppressive agressive system present in the patriarchal family. These elements ultimately breed her feelings of anger and unworthiness. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
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fatemeh kermanshahi abdolah shafeiabadi -
Open Access Article
13 - Analyzing the theory of "social interest" in Forough Farrokhzad's poems based on Alfred Adler's individualistic psychology
Khadijeh Fooladi Applying scientific-literary theories in criticizing literary texts and reading them is a method that is very popular and used in research recently due to its solid and analyzable method and style. Psychological theories have a special and More Applying scientific-literary theories in criticizing literary texts and reading them is a method that is very popular and used in research recently due to its solid and analyzable method and style. Psychological theories have a special and valuable place among different fields that can be discussed around literary texts. Individualistic psychology was founded by Alfred Adler and one of the theories in this individualistic psychology is the theory of social interest. In this article, which is done in a descriptive-analytical way based on document analysis and the method of library studies, the poems of Forough Farrokhzad are analyzed and investigated based on the theory of social interest based on Adler's individualistic psychology. The results of the research show that the social interest in Forough Farrokhzad's poems is very strong in paying attention to his fellow men, especially women. The component of despair and loneliness in his poems makes it possible to consider him as an isolated personality type. Forough is a poet whose desired perfection is to reach a world where his fellows, especially the women of the society, are in safety and peace. In general, it can be said that the social interest in the existence of Forough is summarized in the effort to create better conditions for their fellows, especially women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
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masoomeh zare kohan fatemeh heydari.. -
Open Access Article
15 - The Myth of Hero and Invulnerability in the Story of Rostam and Esfandyar: a Psychological Analysis Based on the theories of Adler and Radin
Yadolāh Nasrolāhi Ātefeh JangaliPsychology and its branches are means that can be used to study many behaviors of man in the passage of history. With the help of this science, it can be known the hidden corners of characters and their individual psychology can be theorized. The present article attempt MorePsychology and its branches are means that can be used to study many behaviors of man in the passage of history. With the help of this science, it can be known the hidden corners of characters and their individual psychology can be theorized. The present article attempts to analyze the look and feel of two famous heroes of Shahnāmeh, Rostam and Esfandyar, based on psychological analysis. Both characters are heroes that have been equipped with extraordinary powers to fight with nature and various natural forces. According to Adler, the formation of these myths is a kind of compensation for inferiority against compulsion of nature and environment; and overcoming natural and environmental barriers by these two heroes confirms the theory of Adler. Also, in the process of evolution of myth of hero, Paul Radin distinguishes four periods. Based on his ideas, the myth of Rostam and Esfandyar can be called the evolution of "twins cycle". Another issue is the tragic end of Esfandyar that indicates his lack of affection from his father and family. According to Shahnāmeh, this complex (lack of affection) leads him to death. Manuscript profile
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