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        1 - Investigating the Impact of Natural Resource Rent and Political Stability on the Environmental Degradation Index in Selected Developing Countries Using a Combined Data Approach
        Fatemeh Ramezani Somayeh Shokravi Akbar Bagheri
        Environmental degradation has become a significant topic in the realm of economic development in recent years. Therefore, the main objective of the present research is to examine the influence of natural resource rent and political stability on the environmental degrada More
        Environmental degradation has become a significant topic in the realm of economic development in recent years. Therefore, the main objective of the present research is to examine the influence of natural resource rent and political stability on the environmental degradation index in selected developing countries between the years 2006 and 2020. This study aims to achieve practical objectives and adopts an analytical-inferential approach methodologically. The research methodology is of a correlational nature based on its essence and content. The statistical population includes all developing countries. In this study, a random sampling method is employed to determine the sample size, and it involves a case study spanning the years from 2006 to 2020, with a sample of 20 developing countries. Data collection is facilitated through the utilization of databases. For data analysis and result derivation, Eviews 9 and Excel 2010 software have been utilized. The findings of the current research indicate a significant relationship between the impact of natural resource rent and political stability on the environmental degradation index in the selected developing countries using a combined data approach. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that natural resource rent, energy intensity, and urban population have a positive and meaningful impact on the environmental degradation index in the developing countries. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - Good governance and discourse governing the executive branch in Iran
        naser enayat masoud motallebi
        "Good governance" is one of the indicators used during economic development. An index presented by the World Bank and in recent years has attracted the attention of many economic analysts and even political economists in Iran. An index that has 6 components t More
        "Good governance" is one of the indicators used during economic development. An index presented by the World Bank and in recent years has attracted the attention of many economic analysts and even political economists in Iran. An index that has 6 components to measure, including: the rule of law, political stability, corruption control, the effectiveness of government effectiveness, the right to comment and answer, and the quality of laws and regulations. But different governments seek to realize and implement these components under the influence of their ruling discourse. Therefore, measuring good governance as an important component in measuring the performance of governments, which has received attention in recent years in Iran, is to understand the internal discourse of governments. In this research, we seek to examine the discourse of the two governments of Ahmadinejad and Rouhani and the impact of these discourses on good governance on the executive branch in Iran. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - ‎Fuzzy Implication Operators Applied to Country Health‎ ‎Preparation
        John Mordeson Sunil Mathew Aswathi Prabhath
        We use a new method to determine a fuzzy similarity measure using fuzzy implication operators‎. ‎We use this method to determine the fuzzy similarity between the two rankings of countries involving health security and health care‎. ‎We then find a fuzzy similarity of co More
        We use a new method to determine a fuzzy similarity measure using fuzzy implication operators‎. ‎We use this method to determine the fuzzy similarity between the two rankings of countries involving health security and health care‎. ‎We then find a fuzzy similarity of countries involving the two rankings of countries with respect to national disaster‎ ‎and political disaster‎. Manuscript profile