List of Articles Fragmentation

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  1 - Using Landscape Metrics and Remote Sensing to Analyze Land Changes and Land Degradation (Case Study: Shirin Dare Watershed Basin-North Khorasan province-Iran)
  Zahra Parvar Kamran Shayesteh Morteza Behzadfar
  10.30495/jest.2023.74782.5895
  Background and Objective: Land Use and Land Cover change is one of the most important factors affecting natural resources and at a worldwide scale. Analyzing and monitoring the Changes is a complex procedure. The analysis of landscape pattern as an important procedure h More

  Background and Objective: Land Use and Land Cover change is one of the most important factors affecting natural resources and at a worldwide scale. Analyzing and monitoring the Changes is a complex procedure. The analysis of landscape pattern as an important procedure helps researchers to realize and quantify LULC changes of the earth surface. The ability to quantify to describe landscape structure is prerequisite to the study of landscape function and change. Landscape ecology has various quantitative indices to analyze and describe the landscape structure for this purpose. Landscape metrics represent the spatial pattern of the entire landscape mosaic e.g. the proportion of each landscape type, or the shape of the component landscape elements at a set point in time. Material and Methodology: This study applied supervised classification-maximum likelihood in IDRISI Selva to detect land cover/land use changes observed in Shirin dare watershed using satellite data obtained from Landsat for the years 1996, 2005 and 2015 respectively. The watershed was classified into six major land cover/use classes viz based on our purpose. Various class-level and landscape level-landscape pattern metrics were calculated using Fragstats 4.2 in order to analyze landscape structure. Metrics include NP, MPS, LPI, SIDI, SHDI, SHEI and SIEI were used in this study. These metrics can give us a lot of information about the structure and changes of landscape components. Findings: The overall classification accuracies in land use cartographies in 1996, 2005 and 2015 were 92.96%, 87.29% and 87/45%, respectively. Our results between 2005 and 2015 were clearly showed that increased number of patches and decreased mean patch area two important fragmentation indicators and the trend of landscape degradation and fragmentation was increasing. Discussion and Conclusion: According to the current patterns of dry farm land and barren land development in the studied landscape and in order to reduce the alarming rates of land degradation and become more efficient land use managers, it is necessary to know the causes of land changes. That means with the ongoing land degradation trend, a reasonable land use plan should be made with emphasis on protecting natural forests, grasslands and the water body. Manuscript profile
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  2 - Ecological Network, New Approach to Biodiversity Conservation and Habitats on Landscape
  Jalil Imani Harsini Aida Ashjaee
  Background and Objective: Isolation of populations and reduction of genetic diversity due to habitat isolation is a significant issue in the protection of biodiversity and habitats. Ecological networks include natural and semi-natural elements that are created to mainta More

  Background and Objective: Isolation of populations and reduction of genetic diversity due to habitat isolation is a significant issue in the protection of biodiversity and habitats. Ecological networks include natural and semi-natural elements that are created to maintain and restore ecological functions, conservation of biodiversity and sustainable use of natural resources. The purpose of this descriptive - review article introduce ecological networks as a new approach in order to protection biodiversity and habitats in the Landscape scale.Analysis methodology: The present study is a review-descriptive and applied method, and has been done by using library documents and electronic databases and a comprehensive review of numerous English articles.Findings: The role of the new approach of ecological networks in different sources is, maintaining the integrity and ecological stability of habitats, preserving ecological processes, identifying areas with conservation priorities, strengthening the system of protected areas, preserving biodiversity and sustainable use of natural resources and habitat management And they are considered a useful tool in the management of protected areas and its complement.Discussion and Conclusions: Due to the efficiency and application of ecological networks, the use of this approach by public and private organizations in order to improve the process of conservation and management of habitats and biodiversity is recommended. Reviewing numerous foreign articles and sources in the field of ecological networks and their relationship with conservation shows their role as a complementary tool in conservation. The use of this approach will help to improve the integrated management of habitats. Manuscript profile
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  3 - A comparison of continuous and discrete indices in measuring Gorgan forest landscape fragmentation
  Ehsan Rahimi Abdol-Rasoul Salman Mahini Sattar Soltanian
  Landscape ecology is mainly based on the patch-corridor-matrix model. Although this model is efficient and has been successfully used in landscape ecology studies, but it is believed that this model cannot consider the continuous heterogeneity. This fact has encouraged More

  Landscape ecology is mainly based on the patch-corridor-matrix model. Although this model is efficient and has been successfully used in landscape ecology studies, but it is believed that this model cannot consider the continuous heterogeneity. This fact has encouraged researchers in the field to find new indicators for landscape analysis in a continuous framework. The aim of this study is a comparison of continuous and discrete indices in measuring Gorgan forest landscape fragmentation based on the moving window technique. This technique was performed on a classified map derived from SPOT satellite image in year 2010 using a maximum likelihood algorithm and on NDVI vegetation index from a Landsat satellite image of the year 2010. Window sizes were considered in 60, 90, 150 and 300 meters and six landscape class-level metrics were selected for the comparison including LPI, LSI, SPLIT, MESH, AI and PLAND. To assess the correlation between the output images of each of these metrics, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient was used. The results of the statistical comparisons of different window sizes showed that the values of the correlation coefficient were increased with increasing window size, as the high correlation values were seen when the window size was 300m belonging to PLAND and SPLIT metrics. All of the metrics had minimum correlation values in the window size 60m and the LSI metric had the lowest correlation (0.33). Manuscript profile
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  4 - Investigation of the effects of copper sulfate on sperm quality parameters, DNA fragmentation rate and testicular tissue of adult rats of wistar breed
  rahil jannatifar hamid piroozmanesh Leila naserpoor
  Aim: Copper sulfate is one of the most important environmental pollutants that has the ability to produce free radicals and create oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of copper sulfate on sperm quality parameters, DNA fragmentation rat More

  Aim: Copper sulfate is one of the most important environmental pollutants that has the ability to produce free radicals and create oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of copper sulfate on sperm quality parameters, DNA fragmentation rate and testicular tissue of adult Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 30 adult Wistar rats weighing 250-200 grams were used. Random adult mice were treated in 3 control groups, copper sulfate receptor with concentration (100 mg / kg) and concentration (200 mg / kg) for 56 days. At the end of the treatment period, testicular weight, sperm count and parameters were assessed based on (WHO2010). The quality of sperm chromatin was assessed by acridine uranium nuclear pigments. Malondialdehyde level was measured. Data were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA statistical method. Results: The quality of sperm parameters in copper sulfate with a concentration of 200 mg / kg decreased significantly (P <0.05). The testicular weight was significantly reduced at a dose of 200 mg / kg (P <0.05). The diameter of the seminiferous tubules, testosterone levels,, germ cell count, and sperm DNA fragmentation rate decreased at a dose of 200 mg / kg (P <0.05). The concentration of malondialdehyde at a dose of 200 mg / kg sulfate copper was significantly increased (P <0.05). Conclusion: This study shows that high concentrations of copper sulfate cause destructive effects on sperm quality, testicular tissue. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Prediction of fragmentation by blasting operation in mines- case study: Gol-e-Gohar iron mine
  Ahmad Asadi Eman Enayatollahi
  Blasting is a key element in mining operation that constitutes near 30% of total mining cost. If this process doesnot carry out correctly, it will increase up to 50% with secondary blasting. A proper basis blasting operation notonly can reduce side effect on the environ More

  Blasting is a key element in mining operation that constitutes near 30% of total mining cost. If this process doesnot carry out correctly, it will increase up to 50% with secondary blasting. A proper basis blasting operation notonly can reduce side effect on the environment, but also can get rid of some undesirable consequences such asback break, fly rock and secondary blasting. Concerning the above notations a predetermination of a method toestimate the size of the fragmented rock and scattered fragmentation is so important and the results are sobeneficial. In this study after performing a series of blasting at Gol-e-Gohar iron mine using artificial neuralnetwork some models for predicting fragmentation have been achieved. In order to select the best blastingpattern concerning fragmentation, Tagochi method was utilized. In these series of experiments, fragmentationresults by using these two methods was 57.5 and 60 cm respectively, which are close to fragmentation at themine. Consequently, some environmental problems were solved by using this pattern of blasting at the Gol-eGohar iron mine. Manuscript profile
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  6 - The Improvement of Mechanical Properties of the Incoloy 825 Weld Metal by Applying Electromagnetic Vibration
  Ali Pourjafar Reza Dehmolaei
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  7 - Chemical ionization of valine amino acid at atmospheric pressure using ion mobility spectrometer equipped with corona discharge ionization source
  Manijeh Tozihi Nasim Najaflu Hamed Bahrami
  10.30495/jacr.2023.1987357.2127
  In this research, chemical ionization of valine amino acid in atmospheric pressure has been investigated through its interaction with hydronium and ammonium ions by using ion mobility spectrometer equipped with corona discharge ionization source. It was found that in th More

  In this research, chemical ionization of valine amino acid in atmospheric pressure has been investigated through its interaction with hydronium and ammonium ions by using ion mobility spectrometer equipped with corona discharge ionization source. It was found that in the presence of hydronium as reactant ion and ammonium as dopant, the ionization of valine took place through its protonation, fragmentation of protonated molecule, and also formation of adduct ions. At least six ionic species were identified as product. In ion mobility spectrum of valine, two signals were assigned to the protonated valine and its symmetric proton-bound dimer, respectively. Identification of two other signals were conducted by comparison of the ion mobility spectrum of valine and isobutylamine. Using mass-mobility correlation equation based on two standard masses, two other signals were assigned. One of them was attributed to an ionic cluster obtained from the interaction of the ionic fragment with the neutral molecule of valine and the other one was related to a carbocation resulting from the fragmentation of protonated valine through the elimination of water. By the study of time, evolution of product and reactant ions signals and also the change of cell temperature, the proposed origin of the signals was confirmed. Therefore, the identification of ion products without need to couple the ion mobility spectrometer to the mass spectrometer was performed. Manuscript profile
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  8 - Evaluation of Anti-Proliferative and Anti- Effects of Kombucha Tea Solvent Fraction on Colorectal Cancer Cell Line (HT-29)
  Elham Ghodousi Dehnavi Mohammad Arjmand Reza Haji Hosseini Zahra Zamani Sima Nasri
  Fermented beverage, traditionally the result of the fermentation of sweet tea by Kombucha fungus, has beneficial effects in the treatment of many diseases, especially cancer. The present study is aimed at assessing the effect of different fractions of Kombucha tea on pr More

  Fermented beverage, traditionally the result of the fermentation of sweet tea by Kombucha fungus, has beneficial effects in the treatment of many diseases, especially cancer. The present study is aimed at assessing the effect of different fractions of Kombucha tea on proliferation and apoptosis on colon cancer cell line HT-29. In the present experimental study, the survival rate and cell proliferation of Kumbucha tea solvent fractions including chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol, hexane, and the final aqueous phase at concentrations of 0-900 μg/ ml were investigated by MTT and clonogenic assay. The rate of apoptosis induction was assessed by DNA fragmentation assay and flowcytometry. The aqueous and butanol fractions had no cytotoxic effects. After 24 hours, the IC50 for ethyl acetate, chloroform, and hexane was determined 213/49±1/63, 296/70±2/11 and 563/2±83/29 μg/ml, respectively. The results revealed that inhibition of cell growth was dose-dependent. The concentration of IC50 in these fractions caused the DNA to fragment. Apoptosis analysis by flowcytometry with these concentrations showed that the ethyl acetate component caused apoptosis while the death caused by IC50 concentrations of chloroform and hexane fractions was more than necrosis. The dose-dependent ethyl acetate fraction of Kambucha tea induced cell death through the apoptotic pathway and it was observed to be responsible for the anti-apoptotic and anti-proliferative properties. It seems to be a good candidate to prevent the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells.   Manuscript profile