The effect of Levamisol hydrochloride on the lymphocyte changes and titer of serum antibody against Newcastle disease virus in broilers chickens

Subject Areas : Journal of Large Animal Clinical Science Research(JLACSR)

Received: 2021-07-10 Accepted : 2021-07-10 Published : 2009-06-22

Keywords: broilers, virus, Vaccination, Newcastle, Levamisol hydrochloride,

Abstract :

Vaccination at proper time is one of the main strategies to control Newcastle disease. The value of each vaccine depends on the level of antibody production after vaccination. The Levamisol hydrochloride seems to stimulate immune response after vaccination. In this study 225 one day old broiler chickens are divided into 5 groups and each group is separated in 3 repeat. Group1 is considered as control group (without drug administration). Group 2 received Levamisol hydrochloride 2mg/kg subcutaneously in the first day and this was repeated weekly for 6 weeks. Group 3 received 10mg/kg Levamisol hydrochloride each day orally from the first day for 6 weeks. Group 4 received levamisole hydrochloride 2mg/kg simultaneously with vaccine of Newcastle disease subcutaneously. Group 5 received 10mg/kg Levamisol hydrochloride orally after being vaccinated for 24 hours. Sampling was carried out 11 days after vaccination. The result shows that there is a significant difference in mean of antibody titer against ND virus and number of the blood lymphocytes between experimental and control group in stage 1 and 2 of vaccination, but there are no significant differences in stage 3 of vaccination. Administration of Levamisol hydrochloride did not influence feed conversion rate and the mean of body weight in any week of growing period. Therefore, it seems that administrating levamisole hydrochloride after vaccination can stimulate immune response to vaccine. However, using levamisole hydrochloride could help immunity system to produce antibody in the primary age.

References:

1-     قمریان، ع. (1382): داروهای دامپزشکی و نهاده‌های تغذیه ای دام، طیور و آبزیان ایران، چاپ دوم، انتشارات قمریان، تهران.

2-      کورولکواس،ا. ، (1377): شیمی دارویی، ترجمه شفیعی،ع، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران. جلد دوم. صفحه (1041، 1059، 1519).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3-      Angelov, A.T., Arnaudov, Kh., Boiadzhieva, I., 1984; Effect of levamisole on the level of antihemagglutinins, serum sialic acid and lysozyme in the aerosol vaccination of chickens against Newcastle disease. Vet Med Nauki; 21(10):63-6.

4-      Calnek, B.W., Barnes, H.J., Beard, C.W., Mc-Dougald, I.R., Saif, Y.M., (1997): Diseases of Poultry.10th Ed. pp: 541-562.

5-      Giambrone, J.J., Klesius, P.H., (1985): Effect of levamisole on the response of broilers to coccidiosis vaccination, Poult Sci; 64(6):1083-9.

6-      Hardman, J.G., Limberd, I.E., Gilman, A.G., (2001): The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 10th Ed. Mc Graw Hill New York; pp: 1477.

7-      Ivanov, I.E., Arsov,R., Simov, I., Dimov, I., Sizov, I., (1997): Effect of tuberculin and levamisole on immune response after vaccinating calves against Para influenza and salmonella infection, Vet Med Nauki; 24(4):43-9.

8-      Katzung, B., (2001): Basic and clinical pharmacology, 8 Th Ed .Mc Graw Hill   New York; pp: 979.

9-      Murphy, F.A., Gibbs. E. P. J., Horzine. K. M. C., Studdert.M.J., 1999; Veterinary Virology, Academic Press. 3rd Ed., pp: 411-428.

10-  Soppi, E., Lassila, O., Viljanen, M.K., Lehtonen,O.P., Eskola, J., (1979): In vivo effect of levamisole on cellular and humoral immunity in normal chickens, Cline Exp Immunol; 38(3): 609-14.