A New Transformerless Step-up Converter with Low Input Current Ripple for Photovoltaic System

Subject Areas : Electrical and Computer Engineering

Karrar Saad Faraj ¹ , Majid Delshad ² , Wameedh Riyadh Abdul-Adheem ³ , Mohammad Rouhollah Yazdani ⁴ , Bahador Fani ⁵

1 - Department of Electrical Engineering, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran.
2 - Department of Electrical Engineering, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran
3 - College of Engineering, Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
4 - Department of Electrical Engineering, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran
5 - Department of Electrical Engineering, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan, Isfahan, Iran

Received: 2024-08-21 Accepted : 2024-10-27 Published : 2026-03-20

Keywords: High step-up converters, Soft switching, Pulse width modulation, Zero voltage switching,

Abstract :

In this paper, a step-up converter with very high voltage gain and low input current ripple for photovoltaic systems is presented. One of the main features of the converter is not using coupled- inductors and increasing gain by using switched-capacitors, so the volume and weight of the converter has been greatly reduced. The auxiliary circuit has provided zero voltage switching conditions for the main and auxiliary switches, and due to the low number of elements, the efficiency of the converter has been significantly improved. The input current ripple of the converter is very low, which makes it easy to track the maximum power point from the photovoltaic cells. Due to the increase in gain and decrease in voltage stress on the switches, it is possible to use switches with lower R_DS(on), and conduction losses are subsequently reduced. Also, due to the complementary function of the switches, the design of the control circuit is simple and the control of the converter remains as PWM. The converter is simulated in PSPICE software with a power of 110 W and an output of 330 V, and finally a prototype is made of it, and the laboratory results confirm the simulation results.

References:


[1] J. M. Carrasco et al., "Power-electronic systems for the grid integration of renewable energy sources: A survey," IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 1002-1016, 2006, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2006.878356.
[2] Q. Li and P. Wolfs, "A review of the single phase photovoltaic module integrated converter topologies with three different DC link configurations," IEEE Transactions on power electronics, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 1320-1333, 2008, doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2008.920883.
[3] J. T. Bialasiewicz, "Renewable energy systems with photovoltaic power generators: Operation and modeling," IEEE Transactions on industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 2752-2758, 2008. doi:10.1109/TIE.2008.920583.
[4] K.-C. Tseng, C.-C. Huang, and W.-Y. Shih, "A high step-up converter with a voltage multiplier module for a photovoltaic system," IEEE transactions on power electronics, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 3047-3057, 2012, doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2012.2217157.
[5] V. V. Scarpa, S. Buso, and G. Spiazzi, "Low-complexity MPPT technique exploiting the PV module MPP locus characterization," IEEE transactions on industrial electronics, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 1531-1538, 2008, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2008.2009618.
[6] W. Li, L. Fan, Y. Zhao, X. He, D. Xu, and B. Wu, "High-step-up and high-efficiency fuel-cell power-generation system with active-clamp flyback–forward converter," IEEE transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 599-610, 2011, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2011.2130499.
[7] Y. Zheng, B. Brown, W. Xie, S. Li, and K. Smedley, "High step-up DC–DC converter with zero voltage switching and low input current ripple," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 35, no. 9, pp. 9416-9429, 2020, doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2020.2968613.
[8] Q. Zhao and F. C. Lee, "High-efficiency, high step-up DC-DC converters," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 65-73, 2003, doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2002.807188.
[9] W. Li and X. He, "Review of nonisolated high-step-up DC/DC converters in photovoltaic grid-connected applications," IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 1239-1250, 2010, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2049715.
[10] C.-T. Pan, C.-F. Chuang, and C.-C. Chu, "A novel transformer-less adaptable voltage quadrupler DC converter with low switch voltage stress," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 29, no. 9, pp. 4787-4796, 2013, doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2013.2287020.
[11] S. Chakraborty, M. G. Simões, and W. E. Kramer, "Power electronics for renewable and distributed energy systems," A Sourcebook of Topologies, Control and Integration, vol. 99, p. 100, 2013.
[12] L. Huber and M. M. Jovanovic, "A design approach for server power supplies for networking applications," in APEC 2000. Fifteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (Cat. No. 00CH37058), 2000, vol. 2: IEEE, pp. 1163-1169, doi: 10.1109/APEC.2000.822834.
[13] T.-F. Wu and T.-H. Yu, "Unified approach to developing single-stage power converters," IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 211-223, 1998, doi: 10.1109/7.640279.
[14] B.-R. Lin, H.-H. Lu, and Y.-L. Hou, "Single-phase power factor correction circuit with three-level boost converter," in ISIE'99. Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (Cat. No. 99TH8465), 1999, vol. 2: IEEE, pp. 445-450, doi: 10.1109/ISIE.1999.798653.
[15] T.-J. Liang and K. Tseng, "Analysis of integrated boost-flyback step-up converter," IEE Proceedings-Electric Power Applications, vol. 152, no. 2, pp. 217-225, 2005.
[16] D. Vinnikov and I. Roasto, "Quasi-Z-source-based isolated DC/DC converters for distributed power generation," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 192-201, 2010, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2009.2039460.
[17] M. Nymand and M. A. Andersen, "High-efficiency isolated boost DC–DC converter for high-power low-voltage fuel-cell applications," IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics, vol. 57, no. 2, pp. 505-514, 2009, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2009.2036024.
[18] G. Wu, X. Ruan, and Z. Ye, "Nonisolated high step-up DC–DC converters adopting switched-capacitor cell," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 383-393, 2014, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2014.2327000.
[19] W. Li and X. He, "Review of nonisolated high-step-up DC/DC converters in photovoltaic grid-connected applications," IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 1239-1250, 2010, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2049715.
[20] Q. Zhao and F. C. Lee, "High performance coupled-inductor DC-DC converters," in Proc. IEEE APEC, 2003, vol. 3, pp. 109-113, doi: 10.1109/APEC.2003.1179184.
[21] E. Adib and H. Farzanehfard, "Zero-voltage transition current-fed full-bridge PWM converter," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 1041-1047, 2009, doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2008.2011553.
[22] Y. Zheng, B. Brown, W. Xie, S. Li, and K. Smedley, "High step-up DC–DC converter with zero voltage switching and low input current ripple," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 35, no. 9, pp. 9416-9429, 2020, doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2020.2968613.
[23] M. Forouzesh, Y. P. Siwakoti, S. A. Gorji, F. Blaabjerg, and B. Lehman, "Step-up DC–DC converters: a comprehensive review of voltage-boosting techniques, topologies, and applications," IEEE transactions on power electronics, vol. 32, no. 12, pp. 9143-9178, 2017, doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2017.2652318.
[24] G. Palumbo and D. Pappalardo, "Charge pump circuits: An overview on design strategies and topologies," IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 31-45, 2010, doi: 10.1109/MCAS.2009.935695.
[25] J. A. Starzyk, Y.-W. Jan, and F. Qiu, "A DC-DC charge pump design based on voltage doublers," IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 350-359, 2001, doi: 10.1109/81.915390.
[26] M. D. Seeman and S. R. Sanders, "Analysis and optimization of switched-capacitor DC–DC converters," IEEE transactions on power electronics, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 841-851, 2008. doi:10.1109/TPEL.2007.915182
[27] M. S. Makowski, "Realizability conditions and bounds on synthesis of switched-capacitor DC-DC voltage multiplier circuits," IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, vol. 44, no. 8, pp. 684-691, 1997, doi: 10.1109/81.611263.
[28] Y. Lei and R. C. N. Pilawa-Podgurski, "A general method for analyzing resonant and soft-charging operation of switched-capacitor converters," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 5650-5664, 2014, doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2014.2377738.
[29] H. S.-H. Chung, "Design and analysis of a switched-capacitor-based step-up DC/DC converter with continuous input current," IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Fundamental Theory and Applications, vol. 46, no. 6, pp. 722-730, 1999, doi: 10.1109/81.768828.
[30] B. W. Williams, "Unified synthesis of tapped-inductor DC-to-DC converters," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 29, no. 10, pp. 5370-5383, 2013, doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2013.2291561.
[31] T.-F. Wu, Y.-S. Lai, J.-C. Hung, and Y.-M. Chen, "Boost converter with coupled inductors and buck–boost type of active clamp," IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 154-162, 2008, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2007.903925.
[32] S. Shabani, M. Delshad, R. Sadeghi, and H. H. Alhelou, "A high step-up PWM non-isolated DC-DC converter with soft switching operation," IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 37761-37773, 2022. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3163146.