Study and Analyzing the Effect of Induced Overvoltage Resulting from Direct Lightning Strike on Wind Turbine with Non-Homogenous Two-Layer Soil and Electrodes with Square Arrangement

Subject Areas : Electrical and Computer Engineering

Hossein Malekpoor ¹ (Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran )

Received: 2024-03-16 Accepted : 2024-05-01 Published : 2025-03-19

Keywords: Wind turbine, Lightning current, Ground system, Two-layer soil with electrode, Induced overvoltage,

Abstract :

Due to the location of wind turbines and their shape and structure, lightning strike to wind turbines causes serious economic losses and security risks. The design of the ground system of wind turbine is very important for the safety of personnel and protection of electrical equipment. In this study, the effect of direct lightning strike on wind turbine components with the ground system of a different two-layer soil with square electrodes has been simulated and analyzed. Simple soil has a relative electrical permittivity coefficient of 10 and a conductivity coefficient of 0.1. In two-layer soil, the soil of the first layer has a relative electrical permittivity coefficient of 10 and a conductivity of 0.1. The soil of the second layer has a relative electrical permittivity coefficient of 4 and a conductivity of 0.001. The overall dimensions of the wind turbine include the length of the blades 24 meters, nacelle length 6 meters, its width and height 6 meters, and the wind turbine tower is made of a steel cone with a height of 44 meters. The simulation results in the full wave HFSS software have been analyzed based on the distribution of the fields created on the wind turbine components resulting from the direct impact of lightning and the effect of overvoltage created at different frequencies. Also, the results obtained with a wind turbine including a simple ground system without electrodes have been compared. Based on this, it can be concluded that the arrangement of the electrodes and the ground resistance plays a very important role for the design of the wind turbine farm and its protection.

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