Evaluation of the Allelopathic Effects of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. Seed and Leaf Extracts on Germination and Growth of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Capsella bursa-pastoris
Subject Areas : biology
1 - Assistant Professor, Department of Agriculture, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
Keywords: Allelopathy, Eucalyptus globulus , Germination, Chlorophyll, wheat, Capsella bursa-patoris,
Abstract :
Objective: Weeds are integral yet detrimental components of agricultural and non-agricultural ecosystems, threatening crop yield and quality. To achieve economically viable weed control with minimal chemical herbicide use, integrated management strategies combining environmentally compatible methods are essential.
Materials and Methods: A greenhouse experiment (randomized complete block design) and a laboratory study (completely randomized design) were conducted in 2023. Treatments included aqueous extracts of Eucalyptus globulus seeds and leaves at concentrations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, alongside a control (distilled water).
Findings: Both seed and leaf extracts significantly inhibited all studied traits in a concentration-dependent manner. Capsella bursa-pastoris exhibited greater sensitivity to allelopathic compounds than wheat. Seed extracts at 80% and 100% concentrations completely suppressed germination percentage, germination rate, shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight, and root dry weight in Capsella bursa-pastoris. Similar inhibition occurred with 100% leaf extract. The lowest total chlorophyll content in the weed was observed under 100% seed and leaf extracts, with an 86.3% reduction at 80% seed extract.
Conclusion: The dicotyledonous Capsella bursa-pastoris is more sensitive to Eucalyptus allelopathy than the monocotyledonous wheat. Aqueous Eucalyptus extracts, particularly from seeds, contain potent allelochemicals that could serve as eco-friendly bioherbicides. These findings support their integration into future weed management programs targeting Capsella bursa-pastoris.
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