Effects of glutamine supplementation on the relative expression of Pax3 and Pax7 genes in slow-twitch muscle tissue of male rats after a session of intense resistance exercise
Subject Areas : Plasma biomarkers
1 - Member of the scientific faculty of Islamic Azad University, Damghan branch
Keywords: Glutamine supplementation, resistance training, satellite cells, myogenic genes, muscle damage.,
Abstract :
Introduction: Glutamine supplementation may help prevent or reduce muscle damage from intense resistance exercise and improve recovery and muscle performance. Resistance training causes muscle damage, activating satellite cells and increasing PAX3 and PAX7 gene expression in muscle fibers. However, the response of these genes varies, and previous studies have not adequately considered slow- and fast-twitch fibers or subject type (animals vs. humans). Additionally, many studies focused on endurance exercise or had inappropriate measurement times. This study aimed to compare the effects of glutamine supplementation on PAX3 and PAX7 gene expression in slow-twitch muscle fibers (soleus) of male rats after intense resistance exercise. It is novel in assessing the acute impact of intense exercise on muscle damage-related gene expression and the role of glutamine, specifically in slow-twitch fibers.
Method: This experimental study used 30 eight-week-old male Wistar rats, weight-matched and randomly divided into three groups (control, glutamine supplementation, and resistance exercise). Glutamine (0.5 g/kg) was administered via gavage for five days. The resistance exercise included four sets of climbing an 85-degree incline with 50–80% body weight, five reps per set. PCR analysis was performed on soleus muscle tissue, and data were analyzed using t-tests (p ≤ 0.05).
Results: PAX3 expression was higher in the resistance training group than in the group receiving both exercise and glutamine. However, PAX7 expression showed no significant difference between groups. This suggests that while glutamine may influence PAX3, it does not significantly affect PAX7 expression in slow-twitch fibers.
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