List of Articles

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  1 - Factors Affecting Horticulturists' Intent to Participate in Controlling Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) (The Case of Arsanjan County, Fars Province)
  Khadijeh Bazrafkan Naser Zamani Kambiz Minaei
  Carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller, 1839) (Lep., Pyralidae), is the most important pest of pomegranate in Iran. Pest control methods are not effective, unless every farmer decides to participate simultaneously. This research aimed to analyze conditions More

  Carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zeller, 1839) (Lep., Pyralidae), is the most important pest of pomegranate in Iran. Pest control methods are not effective, unless every farmer decides to participate simultaneously. This research aimed to analyze conditions required for growers’ participation in the control of this pest in Arsanjan. The survey was conducted to gather quantitative data. Statistical population included all pomegranate growers located in the main areas of pomegranate production in Arsanjan, among them, 262 people were selected using stratified random sampling method. The face validity of the questionnaire was obtained through a panel of experts, and its reliability was confirmed through a pilot test, Cronbach’s alphas ranged from 0.61 to 0.93. Our findings revealed that cognitive institutions, normative institutions, social participation, trust to other people, garden acreage and generic competencies were able to explain 55 percent of changes in the subjects’ intent to participate in the pest control.  Manuscript profile
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  2 - Fauna of Machrochelid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) in Ramjerd region (Fars Province)
  Mohammad Javad Sobhani Hadi Ostovan Shahram Hesami
  Machrochelid mites are free-living predators common in habitats that are rich in decaying organic material including manure. Several species of macrochelid mites feed on the eggs and small larvae of fly pests and phoretic on the adults.During 2009-2010, the fauna o More

  Machrochelid mites are free-living predators common in habitats that are rich in decaying organic material including manure. Several species of macrochelid mites feed on the eggs and small larvae of fly pests and phoretic on the adults.During 2009-2010, the fauna of macrochelid mites in Ramjerd region was studied. The mites were extracted by Berlese funnel and cleared in Lactophenol, then were mounted in Hoyer’s medium on microscopic slides. Totally, 9 species belonging to two genera were collected and identified. Among identified specimens, four species are new records for Fars Province mite fauna that marked by an asterisk. The identification of two species is in the process of action. The species are listed as fallows:1-Glyptholaspis. confusa (Foa, 1900); 2- G. sp. 3- Macrocheles. merdarius (Berlese, 1889); 4- M. subbadius (Berlese, 1904); 5-M. peniculatus* (Berlese, 1918); 6-M. muscaedomesticae* (Scopoli, 1772); 7- M. glaber* (Muller, 1860); 8-M. perglaber* (Filipponi & Pegazzano, 1962); 9- M.. sp.1; 10- M. sp. 2; 11- M. sp.3. Manuscript profile
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  3 - Study on the infections status and important agronomic factors in severity of black shank disease of tobacco in Golestan province
  seyyed afshin sajjadi Mohammad Ali Aghajani Hoda Assemi Mohammad Reza Najafi
  Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan (=P. parasitica Dasture) is the causal agent of black shank disease and one of the most important pathogen in tobacco fields. In order to study the infection status of this disease in tobacco fields of Golestan province, 4 More

  Phytophthora nicotianae Breda de Haan (=P. parasitica Dasture) is the causal agent of black shank disease and one of the most important pathogen in tobacco fields. In order to study the infection status of this disease in tobacco fields of Golestan province, 45 tobacco fields in five different regions of Gorgaan (Taghartappeh, Jafarabad, Ghorogh, Nodehmalek and Valeshabad) and four different regions of Aliabad (Pichakmahaleh, Baraftan, Fazelabad and Elazman) selected in 2014. The amount of disease was recorded during the infection period from the beginning of symptoms appearance, weekly. Stat Graphics Centurion XVI and Harward Graphics softwares were used to statistical analysis and draw charts of the development of epidemiological models, respectively. The factors influencing the epidemiology of disease were determined using two statistical methods of analysis of discriminant analysis and logistic regression. Based on the highest disease incidence there were no significant differences between regions, but there were significant differences (P<0.001) between fields. One field with disease incidence 43.4% in Valeshabad had the highest disease incidence. Jafarabad with 23.64% disease incidence had the highest infection and Nodehmalek with 16.4% disease incidence had the lowest infection. The results of this study show that disease of tobacco black shank in two regions of Gorgan and Aliabad in Golestan province with different rate of expansion. Study of temporal analysis of the epidemic using five different growth models (Exponential, Monomolecular, Logistic, Gompertz and Log-Logistic) showed that the Gompertz was the best fit model for describing this disease epidemic in the Golestan province condition. Weather conditions were similar in the different regions in 2015 year. The amount of fungi and nematode of inoculum in soil, Number of spraying in field and seedbed, duration of irrigation, rotation and soil texture were the most important variables in the incidence of disease in the Golestan province in the 2015 crop year. Manuscript profile
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  4 - Investigation of different tillage effects on Verticillium wilt disease in three cotton cultivars
  Shahram Nowrouzieh Fatemeh Azad Disfani
  A cause of economic reasons the cotton surface decreases and cotton planting trend to after autumn productions. To reduce time and cost of production, cotton cultivation without tillage was recommended. However, in this method management of diseases was important. Verti More

  A cause of economic reasons the cotton surface decreases and cotton planting trend to after autumn productions. To reduce time and cost of production, cotton cultivation without tillage was recommended. However, in this method management of diseases was important. Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae, was one of the most important factors limiting crop cultivars and susceptible to the disease. This study carried out to investigate the effect of no tillage method on cotton Verticillium wilt in randomized complete block design with four replications and natural infection of the pathogen (Verticillium dahliae) in three years. The main plot was tillage (moldboard plow+disk, chisel+disk, disk and no tillage) and three cotton cultivars contain Shirpan, Armaghan and T3 considered as a sub plot. The results show that applying different tillage methods did not have significant effect on the index Verticillium wilt. With respect to the results, in no tillage system after wheat harvesting could applied T3 cultivar whose relatively earliness and more tolerant to Verticillium wilt with good performance. Manuscript profile
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  5 - Evaluation of biocontrol potential of some Trichoderma and Bacillus species against the causal agent of Fusarium wilt of melons
  Zaynolabedin Nurozei Kamran Rahnama Hojjatollah Rabbani nasab Misam Taqinasab
  Three isolates of Trichoderma spp. and two isolates of bacillus bacterial were evaluated in biological control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp melonis the laboratory and greenhouse condition. Dual culture, antimicrobial metabolites, and vo More

  Three isolates of Trichoderma spp. and two isolates of bacillus bacterial were evaluated in biological control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp melonis the laboratory and greenhouse condition. Dual culture, antimicrobial metabolites, and volatile metabolites were in invitro assay. Fungal pathogen colony area was recorded, compared with control and induced inhibition of growth was determined. The experiment displayed the antagonistic ability using dual culture simultaneous and dual culture un-simultaneous assays against fungal pathogen. Results showed that Trichoderma harzianum 6 whit 70% and T. viride10 whit 52.9 highest percentage of growth inhibition. Results of dual culture highest percentage of growth inhibition about 30.5 percent of isolates whit the Bacillus spp62 percent growth inhibit the growth factor. The volatile compounds Bacillus spp15 whit 12.37 percent of the precipitation was prevented from growing. In the treatment Bacillus spp62 and mixed two spice tin treatments at Trichoderma 14g1 respectively 84.93 and 84.95 were showed most effects on length growth of stem but most effects of increased fresh weight from up ground organ of plant, was mixed treatment as spices T. longibrachiatum and bacteria Bacillus spp.15. Most effects on root fresh weight were showed by Trichoderma harzianum. Most effect on stem dry weight T. viridae with T. harzianum. Most effects on increased dry weight were showed by Bacillus spp.15and T. harzianum. Results of the experiment show treatments have significantly different activity pathogen. Test average correspond were meant significant at 1% level by LSD test. Manuscript profile
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  6 - Predicting seedling emergence of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti), large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), jimsonweed (Daturastramonium) and black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) in different burial depths of soil
  Marjan Diyanat
  Knowledge of emergence ability of weed species from different soil depths is important value in weed management strategies especially at different tillage systems. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effect of soil burial depth on seedling emergence of ve More

  Knowledge of emergence ability of weed species from different soil depths is important value in weed management strategies especially at different tillage systems. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the effect of soil burial depth on seedling emergence of velvetleaf, large crab grass, jimsonweed and black nightshade. Seed portions of the species were buried in pots outdoors, at the depths of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 cm, in a Randomized Completely Block Design with four replications on May 2015. Soil depth had different effect on seedling emergence of weeds species but decreasing emergence with increasing soil depth was observed in all species. At 10 cm, only velvetleaf emerged albeit only in limited numbers among weeds species. Based on parameters of sigmoidal regression model, X50 (depth at which the number of emerged seedlings was halved) varied by weed species. These depths were 7.31, 4.02, 5.44 and 5.40 cm for velvetleaf, large crab grass, jimsonweed and black nightshade, respectively. Information gained in this study will contribute to an integrated control program for these weeds. Deep tillage that will bury weed seed below 6 cm or greater is a possible weed management option for farmers. Manuscript profile
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  7 - Antibacterial effect and chemical composition of Satureja bachtiarica
  Nikta Ebrahimi Saghar Ketabchi Vahid Rowshan
  In this study antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract and essential oil of Satureja bachtiarica were evaluated by “disk diffusion method” on Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Rhizobium radiobacter, Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomona More

  In this study antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract and essential oil of Satureja bachtiarica were evaluated by “disk diffusion method” on Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Rhizobium radiobacter, Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, Bacillis subtilis, Pectobacterium cartovorum and Pectobacterium atrosepticum. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) determined by using a serial dilution method. The lowest inhibitory consistency of MIC and MBC values of Satureja bachtiarica essential oil and methanolic extract was observe on Bacillus subtillis. Chemical composition of essential oil and methanolic extract were determined by GC-MS and HPLC respectively. The major components of essential oil were: Carvacrol 53.94, γ- terpinene13.08, Tymole 11.16, P-symene 6.54, E- caryophylene2.16, Bornole1.2, Linalool2.49, α- terpnene. HPLC analysis of methanolic extract showed ten type of compound: Carcacrol (461.48mlgr/lit), Quercetin (75.80mlgr/lit) Eugenol (60.61mlgr/lit) Hesperetin (24.29mlgr/lit), Hesperedin(13.75mlgr/lit), Rutin (13.23mlgr/lit), Catechin (9.721mlgr/lit), Vanillin(1.01mlgr/lit), Caffeic acid (0.0812ml gr/lit), P-coumaric acid (2mlgr/lit), that are present in varying amount.Our result indicated that Satureja bachtiarica essential oil showed high antibacterial activity against all selected bacteria whereas, methanolic extract showed antibacterial activity against Xanthomona saxonopodis pv. citri, Bacillis subtilis, Ralstonia solanacearum, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. In general, essential oil and methanolic extract have strong antimicrobial activity against these pathogens. Manuscript profile