List of Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - Analyzing the anthropological roots of ecological criticism
mehdi khosravi Maryam Mahmoodi parisa davariFollowing the rise of modernism and the serious damages to nature as the habitat of humans and the danger of its destruction, researchers in the field of literature introduced ecological criticism as a new science. In this research, using anthropological theories, it is MoreFollowing the rise of modernism and the serious damages to nature as the habitat of humans and the danger of its destruction, researchers in the field of literature introduced ecological criticism as a new science. In this research, using anthropological theories, it is pointed out the explanation of the two great forces of fear and love in man, which shapes his positions in relation to life and death and determines his actions. Also, the difference in the approach towards nature in the days of matriarchy and patriarchy and the modern era has been investigated. In this article, which has been done in a descriptive-analytical way, an attempt has been made to investigate the root of damage to nature, which has caused the formation of ecological criticism. Components such as fear of nature, animism of nature, the existence and presence of matrilineal system, and finally modernity, each of which has determined the why and how of relationship and behavior at a particular time, and of course the role and relations of power in this influence and impression are also significant. The research results show Animistic thinking and maternal way of life lead to human efforts to criticize natureWith the decline of matriarchy, nature and women are equally degraded. The process of devaluing nature leads to abuse and destruction of the earth with the advent of modernism. Man, considers himself the measure and standard of morality and valuation and gives himself the right to benefit from all facilities and of course nature with It faces irreparable destruction Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Projection of mystical themes in Attar Neyshaburi 's Tazkerat-Al-Owliya
Fereshteh Rabie Aliyeh Yousef Fam Afshin TayyebiDiscovering the inner treasure of each person requires paying attention to the depths inside him. What life drives man towards is in the direction of inner Cognition, which the religious elders also pointed to and paid attention toit. At the same time, what the mystics, MoreDiscovering the inner treasure of each person requires paying attention to the depths inside him. What life drives man towards is in the direction of inner Cognition, which the religious elders also pointed to and paid attention toit. At the same time, what the mystics, scholars, thinkers and sages proved for centuries is now in the science of psychology under the title of projection as one of the defense mechanisms of the psyche. Self-knowledge and a kind of self-knowledge that requires an analytical look at the inner states. Sages and elders like Attar realized the importance of this issue and its index in the matter of life centuries before. Attar's in-depth analyzes and his attention to various aspects of human behavior and personality are evident in Tazkerat-Al-Owliya. In this regard, the current research is an interdisciplinary research whose purpose is to trace the reflection of the concept of projection as one of the concepts of psychological science by referring to numerous evidences in Tazkerat-Al-Owliya. The results of the investigations show that in Tazkerat-Al-Owliya, the diversity of the subject has caused the diversity of projection, which can be seen explicitly or implicitly, examples and evidence of the concept of projection, and Attar's perception of this concept is not significantly different from the opinion of psychologists. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - The performance of Bahmani Kings in the expansion of Iranian culture and literature ( influence of Shiism religion)
nasrin asgari Mahmoud Seyyed fayyaz zahedBahmani government (934-748 AH) was the first independent Muslim government that was formed in South India. The founder of this dynasty was Aladdin Hasan Kangu or Bahman Shah (748-759). Eighteen members of this dynasty ruled the Deccan, the capital of eight of them was MoreBahmani government (934-748 AH) was the first independent Muslim government that was formed in South India. The founder of this dynasty was Aladdin Hasan Kangu or Bahman Shah (748-759). Eighteen members of this dynasty ruled the Deccan, the capital of eight of them was Hasan Abad Gulbargeh, and the capital of the other sultans of this dynasty was Muhammad Abad Bidar. The unhesitating support of the kings of this dynasty from the Iranians and the Sadats of Iraq, Mecca and Medina caused a large group of these immigrants to consider the Deccan land as their best refuge and shelter, and migrate individually and in groups to the Bahmani territory. The present study aims to answer the question of what was the performance of the Bahmani kings in the expansion of Iranian culture and literature by using the historical research method which is based on description and analysis, emphasizing the role of Iranian Shiite immigrants to this region and also investigate the causes of Shiite migration to the Bahmani court? The findings of the present research show that the Deccan Peninsula has always been a suitable platform for migration with its climatic conditions and favorable economic situation. The support of the kings of this dynasty to Shiite immigrants who migrated from Iran and Arab lands to the Deccan led to the expansion of the Shiite religion, the expansion of political relations, and finally the spread of Iranian polite culture and the spread of Persian language in Daccan. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Comparative analysis of the role of the collective unconscious of Carl Gustav Jung in the poem (Pain is my other name) by Qaiser Aminpour
ali keshavarz Ghadimi mostafa malekiIn the human psyche, the unconscious plays an important role in his behavior and action and ultimately his destiny, and it is the unconscious that drives us forward without knowing it. A set of archetypes, positive and negative complexes, shadow and persona, etc. surpri MoreIn the human psyche, the unconscious plays an important role in his behavior and action and ultimately his destiny, and it is the unconscious that drives us forward without knowing it. A set of archetypes, positive and negative complexes, shadow and persona, etc. surprisingly captures the human individual and collective unconscious. The connection of all human behaviors with the unconscious is the case of psychologists. Poetry arises from the unconscious. In the meantime, Jung's theories have paved the way for this path to use these theories to analyze many unconscious behaviors in the poem (Pain is another name for me) by Qaiser Amin Pour.The aim of The present research by descriptive-analytical and library method is to investigate and analyze the role of the collective unconscious in this poem by Qaisar Aminpour. The findings of the research show that among Jung's theories, the collective and personal unconscious have a high frequency in this poem. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Investigating the mystical positions "Sabr" and "Reza" in four works Dastour al-Juhumor, Awarif al-Maarif, Manazel Al-Saerin, and Al-Sawad and Al-Bayaz, relying on Gerard Genet's intertextuality
elham ghanavatimohammadghasemi ahmad khiyali khatibi ali asghar halabiIntertextuality is the production of text through interaction with the texts of its predecessors or contemporaries, the participation of those texts in the desired text is done explicitly, implicitly, and implicitly from one text to another. Gérard Genet is one of the MoreIntertextuality is the production of text through interaction with the texts of its predecessors or contemporaries, the participation of those texts in the desired text is done explicitly, implicitly, and implicitly from one text to another. Gérard Genet is one of the most prominent researchers in the field of intertextuality, who focuses most of his studies on the nature of narrative discourse. With this point of view, the two books Manazel al-Saerin Ansari, Awarif al-Maarif Sohravardi in the pretext position and Sheikh Kharqani's Dastour al- Jumhour have been evaluated as the posttext.In this article, an attempt has been made to analyze the mystical views of these four works with the descriptive analytical method, around the two mystical positions of "Sabr" and "Reza" in order to reveal the dominant mystical aspect of their personality. From the examination of his views, it was concluded that Ibn Kharqani is very interested in practical trust, patience in hardships, and contentment with God's destiny, and his thoughts were implicitly influenced by his previous works. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Thinking about death, in Qaiser Aminpour's poems
parisa salehiDeath can be considered the most important common issue among humans in all times, places and the only rival of life. Expressing the nature of death is a kind of representation of different people's attitude towards the nature of life. None of the poets have removed thi MoreDeath can be considered the most important common issue among humans in all times, places and the only rival of life. Expressing the nature of death is a kind of representation of different people's attitude towards the nature of life. None of the poets have removed this concern. Therefore, addressing the thoughts of writers and poets, in this regard, will be effective in better understanding and getting to know the intellectual and epistemological views of these poets. To achieve this goal, one should analyze the texts and poems of these poets. One of the methods of text analysis is critical discourse analysis. in which they discover the author's and poet's attitude towards his works. Since literature and society have a two-way relationship and the influence of contemporary poetry on society and the influence of contemporary literature in the formation of many socio-political developments has been proven. In this research, we aim to examine the influence of society on the poet's thought about death and its reflection in his works. Among the contemporary poets, Aminpour has expressed the important social and political issues of each period in his poetry explicitly and with appropriate tone, and this issue brings us into the realm of discourse analysis of his works. Accordingly, in this essay, by applying the level of explanation in the analysis of critical discourse, we seek to prove the ups and downs of the poet's death thoughts in his different poetic periods. It seems that his attitude towards death, which includes the outlook on life, has changed in different periods of his life. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Gerard Genette’s theory and the study of temporality in Mohammadi novels
sara abdoli Alieh Yousef Fam Shervin KhamsehOne of the special features of oral narratives is the element of "time" as the most basic characteristic factor that represents it, i.e. "language" and what is revealed, i.e. "story". ", is studied in the narrative text. In this research, according to the approach of "G MoreOne of the special features of oral narratives is the element of "time" as the most basic characteristic factor that represents it, i.e. "language" and what is revealed, i.e. "story". ", is studied in the narrative text. In this research, according to the approach of "Gérard Genette", who presents his theory in the three axes of order, continuity and frequency, the category of "time in the narrative" with descriptive-analytical method in the three novels of "Mohammed Hossein Mohammadi" ", the Afghan and immigrant writer was investigated. Since the time of narration is of special importance in Mohammadi's stories, which are written in a realistic style, "Mohammadi" tried to apply this narrative method in his narrative statements in all his works. Based on the timing, he narrated his stories with negative acceleration. Novels in which the narrator or in other words the main character of the story are women, have a negative momentum. The tense and hindsight are seen with the same frequency in male and female narrators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - study the effect of meters on the content and format with Comparing meter of odes of Naser Khosrow and Saadi's Sonnets
Malek Shoai elham javaniMeter should be considered the most important element and common points of poem. In fact, meter is nature and the innate of a poem which some are so enamored with meter that cannot imagine poem without it. This study is trying to compare the frequency of meter of odes o MoreMeter should be considered the most important element and common points of poem. In fact, meter is nature and the innate of a poem which some are so enamored with meter that cannot imagine poem without it. This study is trying to compare the frequency of meter of odes of Naser Khosrow and Saadi's Sonnets to study the effect of meter on the content and format. In Saadi's Sonnets and odes of Naser Khosrow 18 common meters can be found. The total meters related to Saadi are 17 and total meters related to Nazer Khosrow are 6 meters which regarding the frequency of (2.63) is seen in specific meters of both Saadis' sonnets and Naser Khosrow odes.The number of Saadi's Sonnets are 2.5 times more than odes of Naser Khosrow. It in spite of can be deduced that the effect of meter is very impartial on the content and the potential meter in the poem, It can be found very weak relationship between the content and format of the sonnets and odes using of these meters considering various Factors must be analyzed that may influence this relationship. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Comparative stylistics of the syntactic layer of female speech in the narrative structure of social novels "Simin Daneshvar" and "Shiva Aristoui" based on the DSL approach
roya rahimi Latifeh Salamat Baveel Ahmad KhialikhatibiThe present research tries to show that Simin Daneshvar and Shiva Aristoui, as female writers who write about women, use different and diverse marked grammatical and syntactic constructions, taking into account the linguistic and situational context. Inducing the meanin MoreThe present research tries to show that Simin Daneshvar and Shiva Aristoui, as female writers who write about women, use different and diverse marked grammatical and syntactic constructions, taking into account the linguistic and situational context. Inducing the meaning and message they want? According to this goal, some marked syntactic constructions based on the DSL theory have been comparatively analyzed in order to show details of the art of feminism of these two authors in terms of patterns and syntactic structures, and to know their methods in representing the social position of women. understood through syntactic structures. Among the syntactically marked constructions, the focus is mostly on "shifting sentence components" and "changes in syntactic arrangement". In the analysis, some theoretical concepts such as marked/unmarked (from the knowledge of syntax), initialization, changing the lexical arrangement and Jurjani's method have been used in comparing special syntactic constructions with normal constructions. The findings of the research show that these authors, with self-awareness, have meaningfully used some syntactic constructions in the service of inducing meaning and attracting the audience's attention, and the hypotheses considered by Robin Likoff in the field of the influence of women's social position on their speech patterns. have confirmed Unlike other languages, including English, the Persian language provides a large potential capacity in the field of syntactic patterns to the users of this language in the field of prose and prose. In recent years, with the flourishing of interdisciplinary studies between "literature and linguistics", topics such as "men's literature", "women's literature" . Considering the importance of the literary type "novel" and specifically "women's novels", the necessity of studying linguistic indicators and specifically syntactic components in relation to the category of gender in this literary type can open the way for the study of literary sty Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - The study of Speech Poem in Iran (based on the works of Arash Azarpik)
Mahvash Solimanpoor Ahmad Khialikhatibi Latifeh Salamat Baveel»Speech Poem« in contemporary lyric poetry is one of those successful post-Simini poets. Poem lyric has been innovative in terms of content and form in contemporary literature and has gained its special place. With the of the form of sonnet and natural declamation, ie t More»Speech Poem« in contemporary lyric poetry is one of those successful post-Simini poets. Poem lyric has been innovative in terms of content and form in contemporary literature and has gained its special place. With the of the form of sonnet and natural declamation, ie the language of speech, poem lyric has had great success in bringing the language of sonnet closer to the natural declemsion of language without slipping into the abyss of slang and colloquial writing. This type of sonnet has been created under the influence of Simin Behbahani’s narrative sonnet, by giving originality to dialogue and dialogue-oriented poetry both in terms of language and in terms of content instead of using repetitive and burning themes and romantic-mystical melodies, has made pure images of his thought and human-social self the main theme of his sonnet And through this, she has reached synergy, poetry (lyric form) and story . Considering that Azarpik’s knows the essential elements of the word, by directly communicating with them, And to try to show new methods in lyric poetry, he tries to present eloquent innovations and original images in his poems. In this article, by reviewing the two collections »Miss Returns to Love« and »Leila Zana« the characteristics of speech poetry will be examined. And it will be compared with speech poetry. The result of the investigation show that dialougs in the poems has shaoed the natural delamation of the language without breaking words, Abbreviation, complex composition, the absence of literary industries. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Conceptual metaphor approach of "love" in moral teachings Case study: Sadi's Sonnet
ali dalirdisefani Ali Reza Shabanlu Soheila Mousavi Sirjani azita afrashiiCognitive linguistics deals with the connection between the mind and language and the physical-social experiences of humans and includes a set of ideas in the intellectual foundations of which conceptual metaphor is one of the most important. According to Lakoff and Joh MoreCognitive linguistics deals with the connection between the mind and language and the physical-social experiences of humans and includes a set of ideas in the intellectual foundations of which conceptual metaphor is one of the most important. According to Lakoff and Johnson's theory of conceptual metaphor, conceptual metaphor means perceiving the objective concept of a phenomenon from the field of "origin" and transferring it to a mental concept in the field of "destination", and the elements and factors of connection between these two fields are called "mapping". Love is one of the most important feelings in human life, and the way of looking at love is one of the important topics in poetry and prose literature. Methods: This thesis is an analysis of the concept of "love" in Sadi’s sonnets with the approach of conceptual metaphor theory. This research is carried out with the descriptive-analytical method and according to the frequency of the word "love" in the context of Sa’di’s sonnets. Conclusion: The sub-mappings of conceptual metaphors of "love" in Sadi’s Sonnet are coherent. The structural nature of the conceptual metaphor of love in Sadi’s sonnets allows him to elaborate a concept in detail. The variety of metaphors in Sa’di sonnets makes us face Sadi’s organized mind in the analysis of the conceptual metaphor of "love". Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Analyzing The concept of exploration of "soul" and other obstacles to perfection related to it, inAsrarnameh from Attar Nishabouri's
Hakimeh Kahsari Masoud Mahdian maliha mahdaviPerfectionism, which has always been one of the important indicators of mystical-ethical literature; It is an effort to achieve human perfection. But along with the important factors of human perfectionism, it is important and necessary to examine and explain the obstac MorePerfectionism, which has always been one of the important indicators of mystical-ethical literature; It is an effort to achieve human perfection. But along with the important factors of human perfectionism, it is important and necessary to examine and explain the obstacles that keep people away from the path of their highest goals. In such a way that many mystics have listed the knowledge of the limitations and obstacles of perfection as the most important principle to achieve it. In this article, the authors have devoted their efforts to examining this main question: "How is the ego explained as the most important factor preventing human perfection in Attar Nishaburi's Asrarnameh?" And "what is the relationship between the ego and other factors that prevent perfection?" The hypothesis of the authors is that the concept of "soul", which is one of the main factors preventing the perfection of a person, is introduced in Asrarnameh Attar as the cause of many moral vices. The findings of the article, using the descriptive and analytical method, showed that the concept of self in Asrarnameh Attar is the basis for the realization of moral vices such as envy and miserliness, greed and anger and malice, worldliness, etc. which ultimately prevents a person from achieving perfection. Therefore, the current article, while carefully examining the verses of Asrarnameh, explains the concept of ego, which is embedded in human nature as a deadly poison of morality and spirituality; to bring him to the lowest stage of humiliation. Manuscript profile