List of Articles Ahmadreza Keshtkar Ghalati

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  1 - Explanation of the components of tradition and modernism in the physical structure of residential buildings of the contemporary period of Iran (a case study of residential buildings of the Pahlavi period)
  Alireza Taherian Ahmadreza Keshtkar Ghalati mahmod nikkhah shahmirzaei gholamhosein naseri
  10.22094/lsj.2023.699497
  , with the arrival of different cultures in Iran, the plan and form of the houses underwent changes. The form of the plans in Qajar residences changed from introversion and respecting privacy to extroverted forms, and components such as interiors and vestibules, which h More

  , with the arrival of different cultures in Iran, the plan and form of the houses underwent changes. The form of the plans in Qajar residences changed from introversion and respecting privacy to extroverted forms, and components such as interiors and vestibules, which had the role of protecting the privacy of the house, became less. Although at the beginning of the Pahlavi period, residential construction was tried to be close to the Qajar period, but with the arrival of educated architects from outside Iran and the injection of foreign culture into this architecture, these changes reached their peak in the second Pahlavi period. Knowing the factors affecting architecture in different periods has always been one of the most important ways to prevent the fading of authentic architecture with Iranian identity. Knowing these factors and how they affect architecture is an issue that must be taken into account in order to prevent abnormal and incorrect changes in urban spaces, of which the house is the smallest part, in contemporary and future architecture; Because the architecture of every nation is always a picture book of that nation's culture, therefore, it is important to examine the process of changes in plans and spaces and the change of the form and shape of the house as a fundamental part of a city.The purpose of architecture is to create an image within the physical form and architecture is a reflection of human life. The architecture of today and tomorrow cannot be unrelated to the architecture of the past. This is the most important issue of our contemporary architecture; That it is separated from its components and canvas and the place of Iranian architecture in it is not clear. Because in the contemporary architecture of Iran, there is always the concern of creating a connection between the architecture of the past and the present, and giving meaning to what has existed in theory and what has been in practice, and what is interesting and disgusting, is that in recent years, the concept of ancient architecture in the history of Iran, using the phrase " "Traditional architecture" is expressed, which does not imply the concept of the antiquity and value of this architecture. In fact, the concept of traditional architecture brings to mind that it is a type of architecture in Iran that covers a certain period and may have passed its use-by date. In other words, unfortunately, before evoking something precious and valuable, it evokes a color and smell full of oldness and backwardness in the mind. Many factors in the contemporary era cause fundamental changes in Iranian architecture. Examining the criteria of tradition and modernism in residential architecture in Iran is important because it will be more clear in the history of contemporary architecture in Iran. This research aims to investigate the characteristics of tradition and modernism in the physical structure of contemporary Iranian residential architecture in the Pahlavi period, and tries to answer the question of how the characteristics of tradition and modernism have been implemented in the physical structure of residential buildings in the contemporary period, and from the combined research method of nest to The nest is used to achieve this goal; First, the indicators of tradition and modernism are extracted from the concepts, and then the code table is compiled, then interviews are arranged, based on these interviews, the variables used in tradition and modernism in the building are proposed, and then a questionnaire is used for verification. The sample size of the qualitative stage is 46 interviews and 384 people in the quantitative part. The results show that in modernism, the components of honest expression of structural materials in the facade with a value of 0.965, the mute element of architectural elements with a value of 0.856, and the use of rectangular volumes with a value of 0.818 have the highest correlation with other components of modernism. Also, to upgrade a unit of tradition in the space with the user of a unit, one of the characteristics of using brick as the dominant material of the walls and the use of physical elements of traditional architecture with a value of 1.000 can increase the association of tradition in a residential building. Manuscript profile
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  2 - The effect of participation-based architectural design education on increasing the creativity of undergraduate architecture students
  mehdi ahadzadeh Ahmadreza Keshtkar Ghalati gholamhosein naseri vadieh molasalehi
  From the beginning, architecture was taught to younger architects in ateliers and studios as a result of apprenticeship. Architecture education is a way in which students should have the ability to provide solutions for all kinds of designs. These designs should include More

  From the beginning, architecture was taught to younger architects in ateliers and studios as a result of apprenticeship. Architecture education is a way in which students should have the ability to provide solutions for all kinds of designs. These designs should include various dimensions, including economic, environmental, ethical and aesthetic. Today, with the changes in industry and technology, social innovations and changes in textbooks, the attention of education specialists to creativity and its cultivation in learners is increasing. Education grows and evolves. Institutions of higher education and universities in every country are organizations that serve as centers for cultivating creativity. Architecture, due to its breadth and the need to know different fields, in order to provide an environment that supports various activities, it is necessary that it has an aristocracy to other fields. It is with architecture students. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the central participation in education plans and its contribution in increasing creativity. The research method, practical research and action research, was used to increase the accuracy of the B-A plan. This research is quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research includes all architecture students of Semnan University who are in the final year of architecture, which are more than 300 people who were studying in the academic year of 1401-1400, from which 50 people were selected and divided into two experimental and control groups (26 People in the experimental group (4 groups) and 24 people in the control group (4 groups) were randomly replaced. In terms of sampling, cluster random sampling method was used; In this way, among the existing universities in Semnan city, which are public, free and non-profit according to the population size, the number of people have been selected as a cluster to participate in this research. The duration of the experiment or teaching using the cooperative learning method was six sessions and each session was 90 minutes, which was performed in two 45-minute periods, and the control group was trained according to the usual routine and in the traditional way. In the current research, in order to measure the dependent variable, which is the development of creative thinking, Torrance's visual creativity test was used due to its high validity and reliability. Torrance's creative thinking test is based on his theory and definition of creative thinking, which include fluency, elaboration, flexibility and originality. A group of psychologists and experts in this field confirmed the validity of this test after it was translated again. Also, the reliability coefficient for video tests has been reported from 88% to 99%. The results are analyzed by meaningful inferential statistics in JMP software. The results show that the average factor contribution in the control group is (0.677) and in the test group (0.763), which increases creativity by 6%. It was found that in the control group, the highest coefficient of determination is related to originality with a value of (0.741) and the lowest is related to the fluency variable with a value of (0.548). In the test group, the lowest fluency variable is with a value of (0.589) and the highest is related to The flexibility variable has a value of (1.000). Teaching design in a collaborative way has been significantly effective in increasing the creativity of students in this course. They began to present the material. Therefore, teaching in a collaborative way increases the ability to expand students' answers in the form of innovative designs. In other words, using this method can enable students to pay attention to the details while dealing with a new topic, whether scientific, literary, or social, while paying attention to the main concept and content, and be able to explain, explain, and interpret properly. Provide details. Based on this study, it is possible to develop mental flexibility and originality in students' thoughts and actions by training professors and providing the conditions for implementation and application of the cooperative learning method, whose distinctive feature is cultivating people's minds. Do not limit yourself to one method in solving curricular and non-curricular issues. Free your mind from the shackles of dry and cumbersome traditions and replace it with free and creative thinking Manuscript profile