The effect of drying method on the amount and composition of essential oil of thyme in Polor, Amol city(Case Study)

Subject Areas :

Behzad Gholam Hosein Zadeh ¹ , Joseph Niknejad ² , Hormoz Falahamoli ³ , Jaber Mehdiniya Afra2 ⁴

1 - Agronomy Departments, Islamic Azad University Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol. Iran.
2 - Agronomy Departments, Islamic Azad University Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol. Iran
3 - Agronomy Departments, Islamic Azad University Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Amol. Iran
4 - Young Researchers and Elite Club, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran.

Received: 2016-05-12 Accepted : 2016-08-09 Published : 2017-08-23

Keywords: Carvacrol, Essential Oil, Thymol, drying, mountain thyme,

Abstract :

Thyme is known to be one in nature due to its medicinal and biological properties. One of the endemic species of this genus is in Iran. The essential oil is a thymol rich source. In this research, in order to investigate the effect of drying method on the amount of essential oil and type and percentage of Thyme components, these organs were harvested from the village of Pleur in Amol city at the flowering stage. In vestigate the effect of four different drying methods (direct sunlight, shadow, microwaves with 900 and 360 watts) and genetic and ecological conditions on the essential oil content of this plant, samples of the plant were 100% flowering at a height of 10 cm above the surface soil was harvested, and laboratory conditions was examined by a Klevenger apparatus and essential oil combinations by gas mass spectrometry (GC-MS) gas chromatography. According to the results of analysis of variance, traits showed that the highest fresh weight (667.66) and moisture content (11.39) were different, but these differences were not statistically significant. And the highest essential oil content (1.39) and essential oil content (1.23) were obtained from the shade method, which was statistically significant at 1% level, In the study of the effect of different drying methods on the amount of essential oil of thyme, the most essential oils were Thymol (16.56%), Carvacrol (32.39%), Caryophylline (11.55%) of the treatment Microwave drying method with power of 900, Alpha piperone (1.05%), P.symene (12.9%), Gamperpinene (% 44.9), Dry shade method, Borneol (06.06%), Delta-Cadinen (22.3% ) Was obtained by drying with direct sunlight, which was statistically significant at 1% level. The least amount of thymol essential oil, pixeman from microwave drying treatment with 360 volts, carvacrol by drying with direct sunlight, karyophyllin using dry shade and alpha piperone, gamma pepinene, boraneol and deltacadinone from treatment method The microwave was dried up at 900.