List of articles (by subject) Law and Political Science
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Open Access Article
1 - Determine the Factors Associated with Delinquency Women in Cyberspace, with an Emphasis on Internet Addiction
Zinat Sadat Marashian Seyed Saeed KashfiThe aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with delinquency women in cyberspace, with an emphasis on Internet addiction in the city of Ahvaz. The sample consisted of 200 people from the community which were selected by available sampling. To measure t MoreThe aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with delinquency women in cyberspace, with an emphasis on Internet addiction in the city of Ahvaz. The sample consisted of 200 people from the community which were selected by available sampling. To measure the variables of coping strategies questionnaire Ayati factors that influence crime and Kimberly Young's Internet Addiction Test was used. To analyze the data, Pearson's correlation and multiple regressions were used. The results showed that there was Significant positive relationship between Economic poverty of family and Internet Addiction, Bad friends and Internet Addiction, Leisure activities and Internet Addiction, social problems of family and Internet Addiction in women.But there was Significant negative relationship between Family adherence to religion and Internet Addiction. Also regression analysis showed that Among the predictors, bad friends, Economic poverty of family, social problems of family can predict the trend of the Internet in women . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - An Overview Of Women's Rights And Deprivations In Iran And The United Kingdom With An Imam Khomeini's Viewpoint Oriented Approach
Zeynab Mollaei Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi Bojnourdi Seyyed Mohammad Sadegh MousaviThe purpose of this study was to identify the common points, the strength and weakness of the two countries; Iran and England, on the rights and disadvantages of women. The population of the study were the women who have been evaluated in a comparative way. The research MoreThe purpose of this study was to identify the common points, the strength and weakness of the two countries; Iran and England, on the rights and disadvantages of women. The population of the study were the women who have been evaluated in a comparative way. The research method was analytical, descriptive and comparative. Accordingly, information was collected from the Persian and Latin libraries through reference books and articles, and then analyzed. The whole discussed issues and the results of the research showed that, contrary to what was posed in western countries and their pretending to consider the women's rights and claims that Islamic laws as a violation of women's rights, the western intellectuals did not essentially say any words on women rights until the end of the nineteenth century. Women did not enjoy women's rights, by the twentieth century and were even deprived of their basic rights, that is, the right to property, and the civilization of the west confessed to women's rights, and responded positively to women's right to justice, when the capitalist system was forcefully needed The work of women .While the Islamic religion paying attention to the dignity and high status of women in society and the family, pay particular attention to the worldly welfare and the woman's afterlife. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Principles for The Employment Of Women In The Framework Of Legal Rules
Ahmad Reza Towhidi Zeinab Sadat Mousavi tabarThe purpose of this study was to examine the issue of women's freedom of work and, of course, the limits that are observable in the light of the principles enshrined in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran and other ordinary laws. The research population in MoreThe purpose of this study was to examine the issue of women's freedom of work and, of course, the limits that are observable in the light of the principles enshrined in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran and other ordinary laws. The research population in this study was the employed women and their life dimensions. The present research was a descriptive-analytic and explained the evolution of women's employment freedom. The data was gathered through collecting library information and index cards. In general, one of the most important issues in the economic, social and legal sciences is the issue of women's employment. The results of the research showed that the importance of women's employment in advancing the goals of society and the need for specialist force, the need for women's participation is inevitable. At the same time, the employment of women as a right and not a duty has limitations, and the present and future rules of the Iranian society (in spite of any deliberation) are apparently limited in terms of the employment of women in the Iranian transitional society. The diversity of these constraints was a part of this research deliberation, although in some constraints, the need for interdisciplinary research is required. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Cultural and Intellectual Consequences of the Western Civilization Invasion with Emphasis on Iranian Women
Tahmasb Alipouriani Mina Nazari Seyed Samer PoordaneshThe recent research purpose was to investigate the cultural and intellectual consequences of the western civilization invasion with emphasis on Iranian women. The statistical universe of the study included all cultural and intellectual consequences of the western civili MoreThe recent research purpose was to investigate the cultural and intellectual consequences of the western civilization invasion with emphasis on Iranian women. The statistical universe of the study included all cultural and intellectual consequences of the western civilization invasion. The sample embraced the subjects associated to the impacts of the western civilization invasion on Iranian women. A descriptive-analytical method was applied in the research. The data was collected via the library texts and note taking on the index cards. Then the mutual relationship of the western civilization with culture and thought and western civilization invasion consequences on culture and worldview of Iranian women was analyzed. The results revealed that the thought, culture and western civilization were correlated. And it was not necessarily a liner and longitudinal. On some cases the civilization transition of a pattern to another civilization pattern, would also transfer the latent thought of one to the other one. By western civilization accumulative transition, on the primary step, the Iranian women encountered changes on cultural context through virtue, hijab and Islamic identity and…fadedness. On the next step changes on worldview domain was observed. The impacts of western civilization spread were not merely included Iranian culture and caused the values and Islamic and Iranian traditions to be faded but in the further steps the Iranian worldview was also targeted. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Comparison of Post Marriage Legal Privileges and Restrictions of Women in Iran and Some Islamic Countries
Zeinab Sadat Mousavi tabar Mohsen FattahiThe purpose of this study was to compare the legal privileges and restrictions of women after marriage in laws of Iran and some other Islamic countries. The under study universal was women's legal issues and the research sample was women's legal privileges and restricti MoreThe purpose of this study was to compare the legal privileges and restrictions of women after marriage in laws of Iran and some other Islamic countries. The under study universal was women's legal issues and the research sample was women's legal privileges and restrictions declared in the law. The research design was descriptive-analytical. Method of data collection was based on library research. Using data analysis method and based on the findings of this study, the legal privileges of women after marriage in Iran and some Islamic countries were: dowry, retribution, inheritance, alimony, fetal alimony, women's rights during pregnancy and lactation , right of a woman to refuse to perform the duties of marriage, financial independence of a woman in marriage, condition of having half of the property in case of divorce by a man, judicial divorce and their restrictions, included obedience, male presidency, female employment, citizenship, residence and female permission to leave home. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Spouse Abuse against Women and Preventive Strategies Based on Related Social Theories
Saeed Amiri Iraj Golduzian Mansor AtashenehThe purpose of this research was to study spousal abuse against women and strategies to prevent it based on social theories. The study population consisted of all juridical laws related to abused women. The research sample included Family Protection Law on women who wer MoreThe purpose of this research was to study spousal abuse against women and strategies to prevent it based on social theories. The study population consisted of all juridical laws related to abused women. The research sample included Family Protection Law on women who were abused by their husbands. The research design was descriptive-analytical, and data collection was carried out through documents and libraries. All available sources including books, articles, and digital data, also were used. Data were reviewed by analytical method. The results showed that the current laws, including the Islamic Penal Code adopted in 1392 and the Family Protection Law adopted in 1391 have not taken steps to differentiate criminal protection of the wife, and the wife in this law was deprived of similar criminal protection to the husband. Also, the legislative criminal policy, in ignoring some harmful behaviors against the wife, such as non-payment of dowry, domestic violence, sexual violence, and violence, required a serious review through special criminalization and the intensification of the husband's punishment; because the factor of kinship is one of the aggravating factors in crimes against the physical integrity in crimes in the field of family. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Women's Rights in the Field of Urban Rights in the Light of International Human Rights Documents
Shahram Salami Mohammad MazhariThe purpose of this study was to examine women's rights in the field of Urban rights in the light of international human rights documents. The research statistical universe included women's rights. The sample was the field of women's urban rights. The research was plann MoreThe purpose of this study was to examine women's rights in the field of Urban rights in the light of international human rights documents. The research statistical universe included women's rights. The sample was the field of women's urban rights. The research was planned as descriptive-analytical research project and data collection was done through documents and libraries by examining women's rights in international human rights documents and their compliance with the Constitution and laws of the urban area (economic, social and cultural rights). Using descriptive analysis, the results showed that women in many developing countries enjoy less economic, social, cultural and political rights than men. Also rights such as the right to employment, the right to enjoy the minimum financial resources to have an honorable life, the right to attend and participate in various social and cultural spaces, the right to have adequate facilities in the city, the right to social and urban security, the right to participate in all social and urban planning and decision-making, the right to health and the right to education were among the most important rights of women in the field of urban rights. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Study Of The Political Participation Of Women In Political Management Structure Of The Islamic Republic Of Iran
Ali AliHoseini Mina NazariThe purpose of this article was to study the political participation of women in political management structure of the Islamic Republic of Iran based on a descriptive – analytical method. At the first step, two levels of the political participation has been differ MoreThe purpose of this article was to study the political participation of women in political management structure of the Islamic Republic of Iran based on a descriptive – analytical method. At the first step, two levels of the political participation has been differentiated elite and mass participation. At the next step by referring to the statistical data, political participation of women in political management structure has been studied based on the indices of political management. The results of the study showed that women's political participation in managerial indices were not counterbalanced. In fact it ranged from absence, low participation to more appropriate presence. Women have no presence in indexes such as presidential, the Expediency Council and the Guardian Council, as the two important pillars of the legislature; Also, women's participation was low in some other indicators such as the number of deputies of the Islamic Consultative Assembly, so that women could only maintained nine seats of the 286 seats of the Parliament in the ninth election of the Islamic Consultative Assembly. The presence of women at the other indicators such as international delegations was assessed more appropriate; which it should be valuated due to the increasing of the women's academic education. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Women Social Capital Role in the Iran Islamic Revolution
Faradon Akbarzadeh Anosheh DarbandiIn today world a government would be successful or a society would be ranked developed as far as they could establish the social capitals of all social, cultural, ethnic and sexual groups of the society to achieve their goals. Mobilization of social capitals is based on MoreIn today world a government would be successful or a society would be ranked developed as far as they could establish the social capitals of all social, cultural, ethnic and sexual groups of the society to achieve their goals. Mobilization of social capitals is based on democratic rights and participating in political system by all social clusters. Women are one of the most important and effective social clusters in mid 1979 Iran revolution. This research was intended to portray the magnitude of women social capital and its utilization by the revolution leadership through emphasis on women role in socio-political changes in contemporary Iran, especially Islamic Revolution. A descriptive and analytical method and taking advantage of secondary analysis was implemented. Pahlavi's regime authoritarian nature by mis-taking advantage of women interest and presence at social and political scenes in the pretending democracy resulted lack of participation and mis-utilizing the women power that consequently caused distrust and frustration among the women toward the ruling political system. In the other side the contradictions of westernization and government extreme modernity with the existing cultural traditions made women as potential opponents to Pahlavi autocracy and lead to their wide presence in Islamic revolution. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - The Reason Of Rejectting Zehar In Quran Verses; Reality Of The Concept Of Relative And The Defense of Women's Rights
Saeed BabaeiZehar is a kind of divorce in pre-Islamic period in Arabia which causes the permanent religiously prohibited of a man to engage with a woman. In addition the woman was not allowed to marry with the other man until her death. Zehar verses were appeared after the first oc MoreZehar is a kind of divorce in pre-Islamic period in Arabia which causes the permanent religiously prohibited of a man to engage with a woman. In addition the woman was not allowed to marry with the other man until her death. Zehar verses were appeared after the first occurrences of Zehar between Moslems and transcended in Madine. The aim of this essay is to survey the content of Zehar verses and the way that Quran encounter with this ignorant tradition. Analytical and descriptive methods are used for writing this essay. The result of this research is in the first respond to this unapproved pre-Islamic period tradition. Zehar verses realized the relative concepts and titles such as ‘Motherhood’ and emphasizes on the reality of the cases. So the similarity of wife to mother was the basic element in Zehar, that is without any effect and it had been an abolished comparison. It is necessary to know that the real account of relative concepts and the criterion that presents the Zehar verses could be used in the different discussion such as adoption, artificial insemination, embryo donation, surrogate uterus and simulation. These methods could be used to determine the child’s parents. Zehar verses announced the forbidden of Zehar and to make atonement by zeharic man due to his reprehensible behavior; it completed the challenge of Islam with this irrational behavior with a wife and it showed the best deference of woman rights Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - Legal Issues That Affected the Ancient Iranian Women in Shahnameh
صبا BiyokzadehAncient men and women were equal in all respects. There were no discrimination and inequality. Women rights in all societies and on all the time have been depended on the era expedients, cultural characteristics of the society and the social relations type. In ancient I MoreAncient men and women were equal in all respects. There were no discrimination and inequality. Women rights in all societies and on all the time have been depended on the era expedients, cultural characteristics of the society and the social relations type. In ancient Iran there were specific rights for the women such as marriage, divorce, property, housekeeping, child-rearing and so on. This could be better understood by looking at the Shahnameh. Woman presence in Shahnameh was crucial and decisive appearance. Women's role as family cohort and as a major factor in emergence and disappearance of power had been discussed all over in the Shahnameh. This paper attempted to review the important women law issues as well as the role of women in Shahnameh to better understand the women's rights and status in ancient epic introducing such topics. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Jurisprudence Facts Abut Women’s Judgment In Islam
فاطمه BirjandiRegarding the sensitivity of judgment subject in Islamic societies and regarding God' s justice and the position of judgment in Islam and after reviewing Quran instructions and Muslims' s courses, customs and narrations in addition to study of intellectual r MoreRegarding the sensitivity of judgment subject in Islamic societies and regarding God' s justice and the position of judgment in Islam and after reviewing Quran instructions and Muslims' s courses, customs and narrations in addition to study of intellectual reasons and consensus among jurisprudents and investigating the primary principle in judgment where as the main duty of a women according to Quran text and reviewing the history of Islam were considered as safeguarding the dignity and reverences and growing up ideal men such as fair judges and devoted just governors in her breast and holding the dignity of a Muslims women, judgment as appointed judge , fortifying judge and judicial counselor for women were allowed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
13 - The Political Participation Level Evaluation of Working Women in the Department of Education and Training in Region 2 of Ahvaz
Lena Abdolkhani Tahmineh JouharWomen, as an influential group in participation, especially political participation, play an important role in political decision-making. The present study was to evaluate the level of political participation of women (working in the Department of Education and Training MoreWomen, as an influential group in participation, especially political participation, play an important role in political decision-making. The present study was to evaluate the level of political participation of women (working in the Department of Education and Training in region 2 of Ahvaz) and the related factors. It aims were to examine these women’s attitude toward political participation, especially at decision-making and decision-creating levels. The conceptual framework of the study is Lester Milbrath’s view in the "Political Participation" book. Based on this framework, the relationship between independent variables like social class and status, employment status, age, education, residence, self-commitment to the political system, following the family's culture, sense of efficacy, perceived injustice and political awareness and the dependent variable, namely political participation was examined. The present study is a field study and is carried out by survey and analytical procedures. The population included all the teachers, educational instructors, and counselors working in elementary, secondary and high schools in region 2 of Ahvaz in the academic year 2011-2012. Based on the estimates, they outnumbered 2850; using Cochran’s formula, the sample subsumed 300 subjects. The findings of the study suggested that factors like marital status, age, education, social and economic conditions did not affect women’s political participation; however, variables like trust and commitment to the political system, religious attitudes and perceived injustice could influence the political participation of women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
14 - The Analysis and Study of Woman’s Position in the Poetry of Lahooti, Iraj Mirza and Arefe GHazvini
سعید Hatami پروانه Safaee GhahfarokhWoman, in the poetry of pre-constitution (Mashrote) era was seen through by an amatory and sentimental view. However political, social, and cultural changes occurred in Constitution, especially thematic changes in throughout intellectual and social domains and as an exa MoreWoman, in the poetry of pre-constitution (Mashrote) era was seen through by an amatory and sentimental view. However political, social, and cultural changes occurred in Constitution, especially thematic changes in throughout intellectual and social domains and as an example in literature, brought about fundamental changes in attitudes towards subjects such as femininity in Iranian society. Some poets of the era, regardless of pure Islamic principles, relied only on their conception of outward aspect of divine law, and influenced by new and unprecedented social and cultural changes like prevalence of western attitude towards woman-that was contrary to correct religious and traditional thoughts- posed in their poems, subjects such as defending rights and liberty of women, criticizing hijab, and objecting to marriage of girls in teen ages. Following such an approach, these poets were on the edge of conflict and fight with religious teachings. Iraj Mirza, Arefe Ghazvini, and Abolghasem Lahooti were the examples of such poets. Through this study, researcher used a descriptive-analytic approach to consider the subject in poems of these three poets. Attitudes of these three poets towards women and their issues, according to the results of this research, involved in having a critical view on native culture and religious customs of society which is caused by factors such as: having almost the same intellectual source, being influenced by western one-dimensional humanistic view, and being scared off by western culture. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
15 - The Study On Motivational Factors In Gaining Managerial Position In Female Staff In The Physical Education General Departments In Western Iran
سمیرا AliabadiThis study aimed to examine motivational factors of gaining managerial position in female staff in physical education general departments of western region in Iran. The methodology was descriptive and the statistical population included female staff in provinces of Kurd MoreThis study aimed to examine motivational factors of gaining managerial position in female staff in physical education general departments of western region in Iran. The methodology was descriptive and the statistical population included female staff in provinces of Kurdistan, Ilam, Kermanshah and Hamedan physical education general departments. There were 65 female staffs.The sample was equivalent to the population due to restriction of population number. The research data collecting questionnaires consisted of two sections. The first section was Personal Characteristics Questionnaire, and the second were Management Motivation Questionnaire, Organizational Climate Questionnaire, Hofsted Organizational Culture Questionnaire, and Organizational Structure Questionnaire. The reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was significant p≤0/001. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including KS, Kendall and Pearson’s correlation was used. Results showed that, there were no significant relation between personal factors with management motivation in female staff in physical education general departments of western region, and there were also significant relation between organizational structure and organizational climate with management motivation. The findings also indicated that there was no significant relation between organizational cultures with management motivation in the female staff. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
16 - The Role Of Women In Social Political Movements In Middle East 2010 (Republic of Yemen)
Samireh Hazbave Mohammad Reza AlamThe international community in 2011 witnessed a set of popular uprisings in the Middle East region .In these developments, the world faced the presence of women in the public arena. One of the countries where women played an important and determining role in furthering MoreThe international community in 2011 witnessed a set of popular uprisings in the Middle East region .In these developments, the world faced the presence of women in the public arena. One of the countries where women played an important and determining role in furthering the uprising was "Republic of Yemen". The presence of women in such development was so significant, that some of the violent uprising media analysis called the rebels as "Bloody Friday", "Day of Rage" or "Day of Fate". In this context, the main analytical approach of the current research paper was a descriptive; that investigated the role of women in the Middle East recent movement by relying on Yemen. Research findings showed that concerning the domination of the dictatorship prior to the recent developments in Yemen and the poverty of the country compared to other countries in the region, the women, along with the men by taking part in different ways, either directly or indirectly exposed their participation in 2010 social political developments to the international community This was an example of promoting social and political participation of women. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
17 - Globalization and Social Capabilities of Muslim Women
Hamideh Salehian Lena AbdolkhaniToday, the necessity of studying the status of Muslim women in the process of globalization and international developments with the aim of adjusting and improving their status is a considerable issue. Research in the field of Muslim women related issues by taking their MoreToday, the necessity of studying the status of Muslim women in the process of globalization and international developments with the aim of adjusting and improving their status is a considerable issue. Research in the field of Muslim women related issues by taking their demands into account in various stages of social and cultural planning and decision making increased its importance. The social, economic, political, and cultural factors that govern communities, as well as global experiences of globalization, faced Muslim women with different opportunities and threats. This research, on the one hand, studied the positive and negative effects of globalization for women. On the other hand, it reflected social movements and attempts made to achieve strategic demands that ensure the elimination of discrimination and inequality in different areas of life and the provision of a suitable and befitting environment for Muslim women in developing their productive and creative capabilities, regarding existing challenges. It is, thus, necessary to take appropriate measures in favor of promoting the status of women by decision-making bodies, intellectuals, and cultural policy-makers and, most of all, Muslim women themselves. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
18 - Investigating The Political, Social Role Of Turkan Khatun During Kharazmshahian
Salimeh SabzevarThe research was intended to study the political, social role of Turkan Khatun during Kharazmshahian ruling era. In the Iranian history of post-Islam period, the most famous woman who had influential government's role and shortly reigned was Turkan Khatun, known as the MoreThe research was intended to study the political, social role of Turkan Khatun during Kharazmshahian ruling era. In the Iranian history of post-Islam period, the most famous woman who had influential government's role and shortly reigned was Turkan Khatun, known as the "Lord of the World," Alaeddin Takesh wife and mother of the Sultan Mohammed Khwarazmshah. Ministers of the Sultan Mohammed Khwarazmshah whom were elected by Turkan Khatun, mostly obeyed her. She was fully dominating in the governments affairs in the reign era of Sultan Takesh and during the rule of King Mohammed had the complete jurisdiction and authority in appointment and dismissal of the ministers and governors. Turkan Khatun shared power with her Tork relatives and invited them to take part in her wife Alaeddin Takesh and her son Sultan Mohammed Khwarazmshah ruling affairs. Finally she conquered Esfahan city and put the crown on his son's head. Manuscript profile