Study of effect several levels of multi-enzyme on performance parameters and survival rate in rainbow trout (Oncorhyncus mykiss

Subject Areas : Veterinary Clinical Pathology

S.J Mortazavi Tabrizi ¹ , مسعود Nejati ² , SH Notash ³ , حمید Mirzaii ⁴

1 - Department of Hygiene and Aquatic Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
2 - Graduate of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
3 - Department of Hygiene and Aquatic Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
4 - Department of Hygiene and Aquatic Disease, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

Received: 2010-11-20 Accepted : 2011-06-08 Published : 2011-05-22

Keywords: Performance, Rainbow trout, Multi-enzyme, Survival rate,

Abstract :

This study was designed to investigate the influence of supplementing multi-enzyme in feed on growth and survival rate of rainbow trout fish. The multi-enzyme were incorporated into a commercial pellet ration to constitute three experimental diets containing 500, 1000, 1500 gram kemin phytase multi-enzyme per one ton feed intake, while a fourth diet without the multi-enzyme supplement served as the control diet. The diets were offered to rainbow trout (150 g average weight) in quadruplicate pools (each treatment) for 40 days. Fish were sampled at 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after commencement of the feeding trial to determine feed conversion ratio (FCR), weight and length rate and survival rate. Results of our study indicated that effect of different supplementing multi-enzyme levels on feed conversion ratio (FCR), weight and length rate and survival rate, there was not any meaning relation in dose rates (p>0.05). According to affect of type and concentrates of enzyme on animal response, we can recommend that type or concentrates of consummated kemin- phytase multi-enzyme is not suitable for rainbow trout.

References:

1. Bedford, M.R. and Inborr, J. 1993. Effect of increasing the dietary concentrations of two xylanases on the performance and intestinal viscosity of broiler chickens fed diets based on wheat and triticale. Proceedings of the 9th European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition, Sept. 5-9, Jelenia-Gora, Poland. 485-489.


2. 2)Borcea, F., Csuma, A. and Grossu, D. 1996. The partial replacement of soybean meal with canola meal in broiler diets. Archiva Zootechnica. 4: 69-76.


3. Brenes, A. M., Guenter, S. and Marquardt, R. 1993. Effect of enzyme supplementation on the performance and digestive tract size of broiler chickens fed wheat- and barley-based diets. Poultry  Science. 72. 1731-1739.


4. Cain, K.D. and  Garling, D.L. 1995. Pretreatment of soybean meal with phytase for salmonid diets to reduce phosphorus concentrations in hatchery effluents. Fish- Culture. 57: 114-119.


5. Choct, M. and kocher, A. 2000. Use of enzymes in non-cereal grain feedstuffs. In: Proceedings, Twenty First World’s Poultry Congress, Montreal, Canada, August. 20-24.


6. Debnath, D., Pal,  A.K., Sahu, N.P., Jain,  K.K, Yengkokpam, S. and Mukherjee, S.C. 2005. Effect of dietary microbial phytase supplementation on growth and nutrient digestibility of Pangasius pangasius (Hamilton) fingerlings. Aquaculture Research. 36: 180-187.


7. Farhangi, M. and Carter, C.G. 2007. Effect of enzyme supplementation to dehulled lupin-based diets on growth, feed efficiency, nutrient digestibility and carcass composition of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). Aquaculture Research. 38: 1274-1282.


8. Hastings, W. H. 1946. Enzyme supplements to poultry feeds.Poult. Sci. 25: 584-586.


9. Horton, H.R., Moran, L. A., Ochs, R. S., Rawn, J. D. and Srimgeour, K. G. 1996. Properties of enzyme. Pages: 119-146. In: Principles of Biochemistry. Ed. 2. J. Challice, C. Pratt, T.O. Quin, M. Ryan, D. Kirschner, and P. Corey, eds. Prentice-Hall Inc., Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.


10. Jackson, L.S., Li, M.H.. and Robinson, E.H. 1996. Use of microbial phytase in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) diets to improve utilization of phytate phosphorus. World Aquaculture Society.27:  297-302.


11. Kocher, A., Choet, M., Morrisrose, L. and Broz, J. 2001. Effects of enzyme supplementation on the replacement value of canola meal for soybean meal in broiler diets. Agriculture. 52: 447-452.


12. Li, M.H. and Robinson, E.H. 1997. Microbial phytase can replace inorganic phosphorus supplements in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) diets. World Aquaculture. Soc. 28: 402-406.


13. Lin, S., Mai, K. and Tan, B. 2007. Effects of exogenous enzyme supplementation in diets on growth and feed utilization in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus x O. aureus. Aquaculture Research. 38: 1645-1653.


14. Moran Jr.E. T. and Ginnis, Mc. 1968. Growth of chicks and turkey poults fed western barley and corn grain-based rations: effects of autoclaving on supplemental enzyme requirement and asymmetry of antibiotic response between grains. Poultry Science. 47:152-158.


15. Odetallah, N. H., Parks, C.W. and Ferket, P.R. 2002. Effect of wheat enzyme preparation on the performance characteristics of tom turkeys fed wheat-based rations. Poultry Science. 81: 987-994.


16. Odetallah, N. H., Wang, J.J., Garlich, J.D. and Shih, J.C.H. 2003. Keratinase in starter diets improves growth of broiler chicks. Poultry Science. 82: 664-670.


17. Petterson, D. and. Aman, P. 1989. Enzyme supplementation of a poultry diet containing rye and wheat. Br. Journal Nutrition. 62: 139-149.


18. Ritz, C. W.,  Hulet, R. M., Self, B. B. and Denbow,  D. M. 1995. Growth and intestinal morphology of male turkeys as influenced by dietary supplementation of  amylase and xylanase. Poultry Science. 74: 1329-1334.


19. Rodehutscord, M. and Pfeffer, E. 1995. Effects of supplemental microbial phytase on phosphorus digestibility and utilization in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Water Science Technology. 31: 143-147.


20. Santos, Jr.A.A., Ferket, P. R., Grime, J.L. and Edens, F.W. 2004. Dietary supplementation of endoxylanase and phospholipase for turkeys fed wheat-based rations. International Journal of Poultry. 3: 20-32.


21. 21)Schaible, P. J. 1970. Anatomy and physiology. Pages: 71-90. In:Poultry:  Feeds and Nutrition. P. J. Schaible, Ed. The Avi Publishing Company, Inc., Westport, Connecticut.


22. 22)Shim, Y. H., Chae, B.J. and Leel, J. H. 2004. Effects of phytase and enzyme complex supplementation to diets with different nutrient levels on growth performance and ileal nutrient digestibility of weaned pigs. Asian-Aus. Journal of Animal. Science. 17: 523-532.


23. 23)Simbaya, J.B., Slomiski, A. Guenter, W. Morgan, A. and Campbell, L.D. 1996. The effects of protease and carbohydase supplementation on the nutritive value of canola meal for poultry: In vitro and in vivo studies. Animal Feed Scinece Tehchnology. 61:219-234.


24. Vielma, J., Makinen, T., Ekholm, P. and Koskela, J. 2000.  Influence of dietary soy and phytase levels on performance and body composition of large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and algal availability of phosphorus load. Aquaculture.183: 349-362.


25. Yildirim, Y.B. and Turan, F. 2010. Effects of Exogenous Enzyme Supplementation in Diets on Growth and Feed Utilization in African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances. 2: 327-331.