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Open Access Article
1 - Measuring the tourist's perspective on understanding the quality of space body with an emphasis on readability in Iranian bazaars. (Study case: Isfahan bazaar saria)
Somayeh pahlevan hossein soltanzadeh farah habib The present study analyzes the entrance of Isfahan Bazaar saria with the aim of investigating the field of vision and the level of visual attractiveness as a place that a tourist encounters at the first glance, and evaluates the components More The present study analyzes the entrance of Isfahan Bazaar saria with the aim of investigating the field of vision and the level of visual attractiveness as a place that a tourist encounters at the first glance, and evaluates the components of physical quality with an emphasis on It measures the field of view and the depth of the tourist's gaze angle. The main question of the research is what is the relationship between the tourist's point of view and the physical-spatial quality components in the direction of readability at the entrance of the historical bazaar of Isfahan? The answer to this question is proposed in the form of this hypothesis; It seems that the greater the field and the depth of the viewing angle, it has a greater effect on the legibility of the environment as one of the components of environmental quality.In the study of three categories of Saria (small, medium, large), it can be concluded that the length of the corridor, the model of the entrance (straight, broken or spiral), the location of the entrance (corner or middle of the longitudinal or transverse side), The shape of the yard (rectangular or square), the area of the yard in the plan can have an effect on the field of view of the tourist. But the tourist field of view, Isovist view and angle analysis in all cases have no direct relationship with readability as one of the components of the physical quality of space.Extended AbstractIntroduction: The present study analyzes the entrance of Isfahan Bazaar saria with the aim of investigating the field of vision and the level of visual attractiveness as a place that a tourist encounters at the first glance, and evaluates the components of physical quality with an emphasis on It measures the field of view and the depth of the tourist's gaze angle. The main question of the research is what is the relationship between the tourist's point of view and the physical-spatial quality components in the direction of readability at the entrance of the historical bazaar of Isfahan? The answer to this question is proposed in the form of this hypothesis; It seems that the greater the field and the depth of the viewing angle, it has a greater effect on the legibility of the environment as one of the components of environmental quality Methodology.Results and discussion: As a general result, it can be acknowledged that the observer's view from the Aizovist point of view does not have a direct relationship with readability as one of the components of the physical quality of the space. The vault of gifts is effective for attracting the unfamiliar audience (tourist) to that space, in the case that the short corridors show the current state of the palace for the audience with a passing glance and give him a general view of the palace. The longer the hallway is, the less the lines of sight are, and the attention is focused on the body of the hallway and the mind is involved in the analysis of the body and the spatial structure of the hallways, which multiply similar forms in the ceiling of the entrances leading to the mezzanine, the ceiling, and the vaults and details of the roof. Long-term Isovist view in the corridors, the direct connection between the states of the lines and the psychological states of the people, the parallel and parallel horizontal lines, even with the distance between them, with the help of the human eye, the principle of continuity, the straight and smooth line is understood and evoked. According to the prepared report and the software data about the angular analysis and the amount of rotation of the tourist in the environment, it was also proved to affect the understanding and readability. In all cases, direct paths have no direct relationship with the readability and appeal in the direction of attracting tourists. Why that the entrances that had a large rotation angle in the long corridors, the viewer is involved in the physical arrangement. The decorations protruding from the ceiling are effective in terms of depth and connection and the tourist's perspective and invite people to move in the space of the market. By being in the architectural space and seeing many layers in the horizontal and vertical view, the tourist will see different perspectives in the architectural space and will have a different understanding, this shows that the field of view alone is not enough to understand the environment.Conclusion: In the study of three categories of houses (small, medium, large), it can be concluded that the length of the corridor, the model of the entrance (straight, broken or spiral), the location of the entrance (corner or middle of the longitudinal or transverse side), The shape of the yard (rectangular or square), the area of the yard in the plan can have an effect on the field of view of the tourist. But the tourist field of view, Isovist view and angle analysis in all cases have no direct relationship with readability as one of the components of the physical quality of space. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Identification and analysis of drivers affecting the development of the urban tourism industry with an emphasis on foresight and scenario writing (case study: Zanjan city)
Ali Khaksari Rafsanjani Akbar LotfiIn planning and managing of tourism development using modern methods is highly important. One of these new methods is the use of the future-research method and the use of different scenarios for the development of tourism, which by using these methods tries to draw diff MoreIn planning and managing of tourism development using modern methods is highly important. One of these new methods is the use of the future-research method and the use of different scenarios for the development of tourism, which by using these methods tries to draw different futures according to the key effective factors for the development of Zanjan tourism. The purpose of the current research is future research and scenario planning in the development and improvement of the tourism industry in City of Zanjan based on the method of cross-effects analysis. It is exploratory and based on future-research and scenario planning. In this research, in order to find key factors, available documents, library documents and semi-open interviews were used, and after identifying the components, MIC MAC and Scenario Wizard software were used to analyze and prioritize the factors. Analysis of 13 factors were selected as key factors. These 13 factors respectively are: urban integrated management, implementing encouraging policies, decreasing the constraints, internal security, private sector, citizen participation, NGOs, urban branding, strategic location of the city, the international role of the city and province, enhancing environmental awareness, economic growth rate, religious and ritual events, qualitative and quantitative development of handicrafts.The 13 factors were used to write the scenarios. Consequently by using experts opinions and setting up panels, 46 desirable to undesirable cases could be classified and finally 4 scenarios with high compatibility for the city of Zanjan identified. 3 scenarios were in desirable situation and one in critical situation for the city of Zanjan was imaginable. At the end in order to pass through the critical situation to desirable situation strategies and plans were suggested.Extended AbstractIntroductionThe strategic location of Zanjan province and city of Zanjan on the transit route from the center to the west and northwest of the country and the existence of historical, cultural and natural tourist attractions of Zanjan make the province and city a suitable case for attracting tourists and use it a tool for development. Although with such capacities the province has not adequately used them for its development. Tourism development needs to be redefined by provincial managers and planners so that they can reach a suitable future for the economic and social progression. By examining the effective components in the tourism development of City of Zanjan, the first and most important question that comes to mind is in which direction the future of tourism in City of Zanjan is moving and how and with what factors and components this future can be achieved and be led to the desired future?Theoretical foundations of research:Foresight: Ben Martin defines foresight as follows: "Foresight is the process of systematic effort to look at the long-term future of science, technology, environment, economy and society, with the aim of identifying emerging common technologies. And the strengthening of strategic research areas, which probably bring the most economic and social benefits. (Nazimi and Qadiri, 1385, 27)Scenario: A scenario refers to stories related to several plausible futures that a government, organization or company will likely face.Tourism: "The set of activities of a person or people who travel to a place other than their normal place of life and stay there for at least one night and at most one year, and the purpose of their travel is to spend leisure time. Of course, goals such as employment and earning are not included in it.” ( Heydari Chianeh, 2009,9) Accordingly, those who include this definition are also called touristsUrban tourism: Urban tourism refers to tourism activities that take place in urban areas and include interactions between visitors and urban environments.Research materials and methods:In terms of practical purpose, in terms of method, the present research has been carried out qualitatively and in some cases, quantitatively and qualitatively mixed at the exploratory level and based on the future-research approach and scenario planning. In this research, expert Delphi model, MIC MAC and Scenario Wizard software, future research and scenario planning approaches have been used.Research findings13 factors were extracted from among the influential factors in the findings of the research and the effective factors in the upper-level documents of the province, which seem to have a high impact on the prosperity and development of the tourism industry in City of Zanjan, which are the key effective factors in tourism and attracting tourists, were identified as follows: integrated urban management and application of incentive policies, reducing restrictions, internal security, private sector, citizen participation, non-governmental organizations, urban branding, strategic location of the city, international role of the city and province , promotion of environmental awareness, economic growth rate, ritual and religious ceremonies, quantitative and qualitative development of handicraftsTo write the scenario, a total of 46 possible situations were determined for 13 identified key factors. These situations are considered for each variable from a very desirable situation to a critical situation. Scenario Wizard software with heavy calculations makes it possible to extract all kinds of scenarios, including strong scenarios, scenarios with weak probability, scenarios with compatibility and high compatibility. The scenarios presented by the scenario wizard are: 4 scenarios with high compatibility, 6222 scenarios with weak compatibility and 206 incompatible scenarios. The results show that 4 scenarios are more likely to occur in the future tourism development of the province.Conclusions and suggestions:According to the findings, scenarios 1, 2, and 3 are the best leading scenarios for the development of tourism in the province, although scenario 1 is more favorable and ideal than the other two scenarios. Scenarios 2 and 3 are also considered favorable scenarios, which are different from the first scenario only in the two factors of internal security and strategic location of the city, and are on intermediate and relatively favorable scenarios. Scenario 4 will also be a critical scenario, and with the realization of this scenario, the situation of the influencing factors of tourism development will reach the worst state. In this scenario, all 13 key factors of the trend are on the verge of crisis or crisis, this scenario does not have positive points and favorable key factors. As a result, with the realization of the first scenario, 100% of the determining factors of tourism development will be realized. All 13 key factors in this scenario are desirable key factors and none of the factors were in a static or critical trend and with the passage of time, there are positive changes in the tourism development of City of Zanjan. The possible situations selected in this scenario are: strengthening development-oriented and program-oriented management and applying extensive incentive policies, removing some of the disturbing restrictions to attract tourists, strengthening internal security, paying attention to the private sector and large-scale investment. The high participation of citizens, in the extensive strengthening of non-governmental organizations, in the field of branding, the creation of new features and the development of current unique features, the development of relations between Iran and Europe and the colorful role of the corridor from the center to the northwest, the transformation of the province into the regional center of the northwest country, extensive production of educational content to increase environmental awareness, positive economic growth rate, highlighting of existing ceremonies through media power, state of development and extensive support of handicrafts in City of Zanjan, all of these factors have a great positive impact on the development of tourism. As a result, the perspective of this scenario will show an ideal situation of tourism in City of Zanjan. Considering that Zanjan province and especially City of Zanjan has high tourism capacities, but this potential has not been fully used yet. In this regard, there is a need to provide proposals to improve the current situation and clarify a clear path to achieve that desirable future, considering the favorable scenario for the future of Zanjan tourism. These suggestions based on the desired scenarios are as follows:Reviewing the current management that has little integration and moving towards development-oriented, target-oriented and integrated urban management and using experienced and expert managers in organizations, institutions and sectors that are interested in city tourism, removing or reducing some of Limitations in the future plans, optimal use of the strategic location of City of Zanjan, holding festivals, as well as holding craft exhibitions, modifying the norms and behaviors of accepting tourists, participation of local people in urban development plans and programs, use of branding. religion of the city, identification and investigation of regions and areas with potential for tourism and introducing them to domestic and foreign investors, development of infrastructure, improvement and strengthening of service and entertainment centers, improvement of city entrances, strengthening and development of handicraft and traditional industries of the province with Cultural and artistic attitude in relation to the development of the tourism industry. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A comparative study of the effectiveness of the production of riding and walking space on the quality of the urban environment (Case: 22 Districts of Tehran city)
Alireza Ahmadi hamidreza rostamkhani mohamad taghi heydari Tehran metropolis has faced many environmental pollutions in recent decades and its quality has been affected.This situation has been paralleled by the ever-increasing population and, as a result, the significant increase in the reliance o More Tehran metropolis has faced many environmental pollutions in recent decades and its quality has been affected.This situation has been paralleled by the ever-increasing population and, as a result, the significant increase in the reliance on motor vehicles for intra and extra-urban trips in this metropolis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the environmental quality of Tehran and its spatial relevance to transportation variables. This research has been done by quantative method and using the data of the statistical yearbook of Tehran province in 2019. Shannon entropy weighting method and Promethee multi-criteria decision making technique for evaluating and ranking Tehran regions in terms of environmental quality, hierarchical clustering in SPSS environment for clustering 22 regions and bivariate Moran autocorrelation analysis in Geoda software to study spatial coherence And environmental quality quotes are used. The results indicate the existence of major spatial differences between different regions of Tehran in terms of environmental quality and regions are divided into four major clusters. Positive and negative relationships between transport variables and environmental quality were observed in the form of different spatial patterns in the regions and spatial clusters and non-clusters were analyzed. The results showed that the production of riding space and the increase in travel production, under the influence of artificial road construction in the second cycle of capital accumulation and Fordism mass production style, has a negative spatial correlation with the quality of the urban environment.Extended AbstractIntroduction: In this research, in particular, the impact of riding transportation with motorized vehicles (according to trip production and absorption statistics) and walking on the urban environment is discussed. Recently, (Dutta et al, 2013: 49) has emphasized the relationship between the quality of the urban environment and the physical, social and economic conditions of the city. In the sense that it is not acceptable to issue a general and universal ruling regarding the relationship between the city and the environment; Rather, regional differences should be considered and the local conditions of cities should be considered in this regard. One of the most obvious indicators of today's urbanization is the increase in reliance on passenger transportation with motor vehicles. Such an unplanned increase brings with it negative environmental impacts, and yet, one of the environmental impacts of urban transportation that is easily seen in developing countries and unfortunately usually ignored is the pedestrian/vehicle conflict. )Huzayyin & Ashour, 2004: 4). In fact, the methodical evaluation of the effect of the type of transportation on the quality of the urban environment will be a suitable and useful tool for thinking about alternative transportation methods. On the other hand, considering the prominent role of transportation use in the body and consequently the social dimension of the city, the decision regarding it will subsequently face the city with obvious physical and social changes, and considering the heavy costs of the physical and social changes of the city, It is appropriate to explain the effect of different types of transportation on the quality of the city's environment.Tehran is one of the metropolises of Iran that suffers from extensive environmental issues. The pressure on the ecological resources and on the natural resources of the city and region of Tehran, which has been under the direct influence of the driving force of rapid urbanization and comes from the increase in the volume of urban trips, the upward trend of waste production, runoff, etc., is noticeable (Shahi et al. , 2018) Therefore, it is felt necessary to use a planning thinking in order to solve and adjust this problem. This research tries to explain part of the environmental problems of Tehran city by focusing on the transportation variable and offers suggestions to improve its situation. We would like to say that without planning and methodical monitoring of the current structure of the city, presenting any kind of program to improve its environmental condition will be fruitless; Because in this case, we have forgotten the problem-producing points that constantly challenge the urban environment. Identifying these issues and what is behind them will be the first step and prerequisite for any plan and action. A review of the theoretical background of the research shows that the utilitarian perspective in dealing with space and including the environment thinks about maximum exploitation and capital accumulation. During the production of artificial space, during the second cycle of capital accumulation, in which, according to Harvey, large-scale industrial production is replaced by daily and mass light industrial goods (Aghaei, 2020), the emergence of Fordism leads to the production and consumption of riding spaces, and production and consumption becomes one and expands day by day. The antithesis point of this current is formed by two currents: with the ideas of Maurice Merleau-Ponty and his subject-body view and the view of this same Hegelian, Cartesian dualism is questioned. The results of this case are also revealed in urban planning, which in this research has been shown in the form of a comparison of the production of travel from the examples of the production of riding space with pedestrian circulation.Methodology: This research is one of the quantitative studies with a practical aspect. The research data were taken from the statistical yearbook of Tehran province. The general process of the research has been that after extracting environmental quality assessment indicators from previous researches, the data were weighted in the form of research indicators, using the Shannon entropy method. Then, in order to evaluate and rank the 22 districts of Tehran from the perspective of environmental quality indicators, the Prometheus multi-criteria decision-making method was used in the Visual Promethee software environment. In the next step, to investigate the spatial relationship of transportation variables with the environmental quality of the regions, two-variable Moran autocorrelation analysis LISA and Geoda software with ESDA approach were used and the type of relationship, the type of clusters and their significance were determined.Results and discussion: The evaluation of the environmental quality of the 22 districts of Tehran shows that there are many differences in terms of the quality of the environment in the regions. Meanwhile, region 22 has the best environmental quality and region 7 has the worst quality. The quality of the rest of the regions is between these two regions. In general, the areas of the city can be classified into 4 different clusters based on the quality of the environment, and it can be said that the neighboring areas have almost the same quality. The results of spatial correlation analysis of travel production and absorption with environmental quality show that there is a negative spatial relationship between these two variables, so that we are facing an increase in travel production and absorption in areas with lower environmental quality. On the contrary, there is a positive spatial correlation between the production of walking and cycling space with environmental quality. This means that we are faced with an increase in the area of pedestrian and cycling paths with a higher environmental quality. However, the same spatial patterns are not observed in the regions.Conclusion: The evaluation of the effectiveness of transportation variables on the environmental quality of Tehran, which is the main goal of this research, revealed significant facts. The results of the analysis show the existence of a positive spatial connection between the area of the cycling and walking paths with the quality of the environment; The subject of pedestrianized cities has now received much attention from researchers in the field of urban planning, which shows the importance of this variable in environmental quality issues. In fact, walking is one of the daily manifestations of the active involvement of humans or their environment or urban space. It can be recognized and interacted with only by walking in the city. With the increase in travel production and attraction, we are facing a lower environmental quality. The cores of the city, which are usually located in the centers and older areas of the city, are a potential possibility to attract travel and are more likely to face pollution and poor environmental quality. The production of rider-oriented space under the modern urbanism style and influenced by Cartesian subjective thinking, the production of artificial space for the second cycle of capital accumulation and the emergence of Fordism and urban zoning will lead to the reduction and degradation of the quality of the urban environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Analysis of housing commoditization in Iran's housing market
Abolfazl meshkini Mohammad Reza orogi Somayeh AlipourHousing is considered the most important asset of the household and it is a basic and irreplaceable commodity that, due to its price, accounts for a significant share of the household's income, and its owners, in order not to accept higher risks in other financial marke MoreHousing is considered the most important asset of the household and it is a basic and irreplaceable commodity that, due to its price, accounts for a significant share of the household's income, and its owners, in order not to accept higher risks in other financial markets, They take care of it. Therefore, housing is considered a consumable and a capital item that cannot be removed from the budget of households. Turning housing into a capital good instead of a consumer good is one of the problems in the field of housing at the moment, which brings to mind the question, why has housing become a capital good in Iran? The answer to this question is the main goal pursued in this article. In order to answer this question, the study of documents is the basis, and by analyzing and describing the available materials, regarding the commodification of housing in Iran, as the statistical community of the research, it has been investigated. Since the housing price and most of the considered variables are endogenous, therefore, in this research, the vector self-explanatory model (VAR) has been used. Surveys show that; The matrix of correlation coefficients between the variables is positive, but it has a negative relationship with the exchange rate and the bank interest rate, and the highest correlation coefficient with the housing price is the gross domestic product. Also, the cause and effect relationship between the variables shows that housing prices have a mutual cause and effect relationship with stock variables (S), bank interest rate (R), sector credits function (CRE) and gross domestic product function (GDP) and with rate variables. Currency (EX) and coin price (G) do not have a clear cause and effect relationship, and they also have a one-way relationship with the variables of construction cost (C), liquidity volume (M) and inflation rate (INF), which shows that the investigated variables They affect the price of housing and its transformation into a capital good, and by managing each of these indicators, housing can be turned into a consumer good. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - expressing the relationship of women's safety based on the sense of place attachment to urban historical texture. for instance: (Isfahan's jubareh neighborhood)
Mohammad Ali Rahimi Samaneh Izadi Zamanabadi Paying attention to the concept of citizens' security (especially women) and its improvement methods is considered as one of the primary priorities in urban spaces. For this reason, in the process of urban planning, improving the sense of security in More Paying attention to the concept of citizens' security (especially women) and its improvement methods is considered as one of the primary priorities in urban spaces. For this reason, in the process of urban planning, improving the sense of security in urban environments, especially in historical contexts, has been one of the most important goals in urban life. The main purpose of this research is to identify the components of creating a sense of belonging to the place, as one of the most important areas of the urban historical context, to create security, especially among women in the Jo Bareh neighborhood of Isfahan. The research method is qualitative-quantitative research and the research design is combined (content analysis and survey method) to answer the research question of how the security parameters and the sense of belonging to the place affect the safety of women in the Jo Bareh neighborhood of Isfahan. Is it effective? The research hypothesis emphasizes the significance of the relationship between security and the sense of belonging to a place, which ultimately leads to the security of women in the historical context. The results of the research show that paying attention to the parameters of improving women's sense of security (gender, control, and type of fabric) and the parameters of improving the sense of belonging to a place (ownership, residential history, and memorableness) as the main parameters of this research, which have a two-way relationship in It was proposed to designers and architects for strategic solutions in the historical context of Jo Bareh, Isfahan, to increase the safety of women and the sense of belonging to the place. Urban safe spaces for women have a significant relationship with the expressed variables of a sense of belonging to a home and a sense of security, and the highest correlation was obtained related to natural control, and the lowest was shown for gender.Extended AbstractIntroduction: Paying attention to the concept of security of citizens (especially women) and ways to improve it is considered one of the fundamental priorities in urban spaces. For this reason, in urban planning, reducing crime and enhancing the sense of security in urban environments, especially in historical contexts, have been one of the most significant goals in urban life. In recent years, various urban plans (comprehensive plans, detailed plans, improvement and renovation plans for historical contexts) have been considered with the aim of improving the physical, functional, social, and economic conditions in the historical contexts of Isfahan city. ; It is possible to mention the improvement projects of historical, cultural and tourism axes (Haruni, Jo Bareh, Jolfa, Jamale, Dar Dasht, Bid Abad, south of Imam Square). Jobareh neighborhood of Isfahan is at a low level in terms of overall social, physical, and economic structures. This rupture of the spatial and social construction has destroyed security in its various aspects, both environmental and social, the selection of the Jobareh neighborhood is important from this point of view; This geographical place is not only the oldest residential neighborhood of Isfahan city but also with the Jame Mosque and the old square and market, it has been neglected as a cultural, economic and residential group and lives in social, cultural and economic poverty. In this neighborhood, due to the existing problems, social bonds have been separated and most of the native people have left the area; Neighborhood residents are experienced by low-income people and Afghan and rural immigrants without a sense of belonging to the place because they are often not owners and their residence period is temporary. According to what has been said, the necessity of conducting this research is to control the spatial and social structure to solve the problems of this neighborhood, especially the safety of women. According to the above, the purpose of this research is to explain the relationship between women's sense of security and the feeling of belonging to a place in the Jo Bareh neighborhood of Isfahan to improve the psychological sence of security of women living in the environment.Methodology: The type of research conducted in this research is based on primary data and a combination of (quantitative-qualitative) information. In this regard, firstly, from the descriptive-analytical method (content analysis) in the stage of theoretical studies, the use of data obtained from library studies, the subject literature, and the concepts of the feeling of security and the environmental and architectural factors affecting it, as well as the characteristics of the context. the urban worn-out texture, a review, and a theoretical framework for the discussion were set; In the phase of studying the existing situation, a quantitative method of the analytical-survey research plan (statistical analysis) has been used. By being present in the area under study, which is the Jobareh neighborhood of Isfahan, and by using field observations and setting up and distributing questionnaires, the necessary data were collected. and based on Morgan's table, a sample size of 300 women from the Jo Bareh neighborhood is considered. In the analytical method, the problem is not only described; Rather, the causes and effects have been investigated and analyzed. The significance level of the components was analyzed by the method of correlation coefficient analysis. The whole is divided into parts and analyzed separately. Also, the relationships of the ingredients with each other and the factors affecting them have been analyzed.Results and discussion: The results of the research show that paying attention to the parameters of improving women's sense of security (gender, control, and type of fabric) and the parameters of enhancing the sense of belonging to a place (ownership, residential history, and memorableness) as the main parameters of this research, which have a two-way relationship in It was proposed to designers and architects for strategic solutions in the historical context of Jo Bareh, Isfahan, to increase the safety of women and the sense of belonging to the place. Urban safe spaces for women have a significant relationship with the expressed variables of a sense of belonging to a location and a sense of security, the highest correlation was obtained related to natural control, and the lowest was shown for gender.Conclusion: Other researchers have also dealt with the mentioned cases, and suggestions have been presented by the researcher, which can be related to things such as: improving worn-out structures to prevent the creation of ruins and unsafe spaces while preserving the values. architecture; Creating spaces and public uses such as mosques, schools and parks in places with little traffic in order to increase the capacity threshold; Periodically holding festivals in order to promote collective culture; Trying to improve the sense of security in the area of worn-out structures by using the participation of the citizens themselves, such as holding events or changing the activity time in the studied area, can be impressive in order to make the area alive at night; widening the alleys and streets and creating mixed uses in them in order to increase the capacity threshold; increasing the permeability and accessibility of urban spaces; Improving the quality of the road network and removing physical and practical obstacles along the path of the sidewalks; improving the condition of road lighting; preventing the creation of remote and dark spaces and providing social supervision of others; Creating changes in the structure of the physical environment and influencing the way people use the environment and increasing citizen surveillance; He pointed out the possibility of more monitoring in all parts of the neighborhood to create public, cultural and sports spaces for the interaction of the residents of the neighborhood in order to increase the sense of belonging to the place and spending leisure time in those spaces in order to reduce social abnormality. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Analysis of Spatial Configuration Factors Affecting the Visit-ability of Historical Places (Case Study: Qazvin Atiq Mosque and Surrounding Context)
Hosna Varmaghani Historical places and areas as urban signs have many capabilities in planning and developing the urban environment. Among them, the knowledge of how the spatial configuration components affect the ability to visit and use More Historical places and areas as urban signs have many capabilities in planning and developing the urban environment. Among them, the knowledge of how the spatial configuration components affect the ability to visit and use them, which will have an effective role in formulating urban tourism strategies in the routes leading to historical places. In this article, with the help of descriptive analytical method by focusing on the physical dimensions affecting the possibility of visiting historical places by tourists, the effective components have been formulated. And then, with the logical reasoning method, the validity of the indicators in the visit-ability of the historical context is analyzed.The aim of the research is to evaluate the factors of spatial configuration affecting the visit-ability of the Atiq Grand Mosque of Qazvin by studying the body of the building and the area of surrounding context.The research question is which physical approaches play a role in increasing the visit-ability of historical contexts and landmark buildings in them.How are the components of visit-ability in the historical context of Qazvin city evaluated within the case study area?The analysis tool is the specialized software of space syntax and also relying on observations and field studies.The results show that the location of the landmark building within the historical context will have the greatest impact on the possibility and ability to visit; and on the other hand, the natural and artificial elements in the body of the building, space furniture and height proportions in the architectural scale have had a greater effect on the tension and visual/movement attraction and the presence and guidance of the observer towards certain destinations.Extended AbstractIntroduction:Urban tourism is a diverse combination of different activities that is created by combining environmental features and the city's capacity in attracting visitors and providing services. The development of tourism in historical contexts is the strategy of many cities for regeneration. Despite having diverse natural, historical and cultural attractions and benefiting from extraordinary talent and potential in tourism development, historical contexts are practically devoid of noteworthy limits of visit-ability. If these textures are paid attention from the visit-ability aspect, the texture development and the possibility of the tourists' presence and movement will be provided. In this regard, today's urban management, in order to respond to the needs and new technologies, must deal with some cases more than the design of buildings and access networks. And think about creating spaces that will make the city more diverse and attractive and have a greater impact on the connection of citizens, urban spaces and places. Based on this, the current research analyzes spatial configuration factors affecting the visit-ability of historical places and in this context, it will examine the ancient Grand Mosque of Qazvin city and its surrounding context as a case study. Visit-ability is aimed at facilitating presence and movement in touristic passages and routes leading to urban landmarks. The present research, in examining the ways of improving the historical context and tourism development, refers to the visit-ability components and in this context, it studies the historical context of Qazvin city from a quantitative and qualitative perspective. The research questions are which physical approaches play a role in increasing the visit-ability of historical contexts and landmark buildings in it? How are visit-ability components evaluated in the historical context of Qazvin city? Answers to these questions will be followed in the research process.Methodology:The current research has been conducted using a combination of analytical descriptive method and logical reasoning method. Data collection has been done using library studies and field survey and data analysis using qualitative and software methods. The analysis tool in part of the research process is UCL Depthmap specialized software and in part it is the adaptation of field observations and library studies. In this way, the visitability was investigated by studying the theories of tourism in the historical context and factors affecting the urban spaces quality in a descriptive analytical method and its indicators were deduced. Then, these components were compared in the analysis of architectural configuration and urban context with spatial layout indicators so that the research theoretical components can be measured through space analysis software by shape simulation and quantitative values. The study case to investigate the visit-ability in comparison of the architecture and urban context scale is the ancient Qazvin Grand Mosque and its surrounding context. In this study, the main theoretical indicators of visit-ability including access, readability and select-ability were identified, which were measured by 6 syntactic indicators. The research findings analyze the physical and spatial elements of the configuration in achieving maximum visit-ability and the way of their spatial arrangement.Results and discussion:The research findings are analyzed in two parts, including the analysis of the visit-ability quality in the spatial arrangement of the context around the Grand Mosque, as well as the building's configuration itself. The software analysis shows that the presence of small differences in the passages' direction and width, as well as the difference in their discontinuity and continuity state, have major effects on the research indicators' values, and in this way, it changes the condition of visiting the texture and the flow of guiding tourists in the passages of it. Also, since some of the existing roads have been formed as a result of urban developments, they have become wider or they have changed their direction compared to the previous roads. Therefore, investigating the effects of changing configuration on the amount and way tourists choose to visit will organize and improve the existing situation and rethink the way of interventions formed in the road network layout. The field survey reveals that in addition to the spatial configuration, the existence of some activity and physical signs such as the mosque's water-reservoir, Sepah Bazaar, the height of the frontage body, and the people presence in front of it are effective on the visit-ability of the building. On the other hand, the lack of appropriateness of some activities (restaurant-repair) and as a result of crowding and noise pollution, despite the desirability of spatial physical indicators in measuring visit-ability, leads to a decrease in attendance and traffic in the space. However, the vastness of the frontage arena partially prevents the adverse effects of conflicting activities. In addition, some physical signs such as the stepped surface of the sub-entrance corridor and the tree element in the open corridor have led to the readability of the entrance path and ease of orientation. Also, readability in the space arrangement can be checked by analyzing the ratio between connectivity and integration.Conclusion:The findings in response to the first research question showed that the high connectivity of the context resulting from the coordination and coherence between the passages of the whole complex and the internal connection of the context's passages, the presence of distribution axes and the favorable connection with the entire configuration will lead to increasing the possibility of presence and movement in the historical context and improving the ability to visit it. In addition, the landmark building's location on the visible distribution axes has an effect on increasing the possibility of visiting and selecting it from the observer. The space expansion compared to the mass in the sign elements' location increases the possibility of guiding observer in the paths leading to them and the probability of the observer's visit due to the effect on the spatial traffic indicator and visibility limits. The legibility of leading axes to the entrance of the destination building and the spatial organization of the entry hierarchy to these destinations will affect the number of visits to them. Also, people presence inside the building is directly related to the level of transparency and spatial openness. The answer to the second question was done through software analysis and field observations, which showed that the landmark buildings' location within the historical context will have the greatest impact on the possibility and ability to visit. And on the other hand, the natural and artificial elements in the body of the building, space furniture and height proportions in the architectural scale have had a greater effect on the visual/movement attraction and the presence and guidance of the observer towards certain destinations. Manuscript profile
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