Explanation the Interaction of the Physical Characteristics of High-rise Buildings on Distribution of Pollutant Particles due to the Natural Air Flow (Case Study: District 1 of Tehran)

Subject Areas : Architecture and urbanization

TinaSadat Sadrolgharavi ¹ , Mahnaz Mahmodi Zrandi ² , fatemeh mehdizadeh seraj ³

1 - PhD Student, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Associate Professor Faculty of Engineering, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Professor of Architecture and Environmental Design, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2020-06-03 Accepted : 2020-10-12 Published : 2022-05-22

Keywords: ANSYS, EnviMET, : Physical Characteristics of High rise Buildings, Distribution of Particulate Matter, Natural Air Flow,

Abstract :

The increasing population and the construction of high-rise buildings have multiplied the environmental pollution in cities. On the other hand, people are more likely to use open urban environments to meet their biological needs. In this regard, various factors such as forms, heights and green facade of buildings and the presence of continuous stream of wind can play a significant role in the distribution of pollutant particles. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the forms and heights of high-rise residential buildings on the distribution of pollutant particles, by recognizing district one of Tehran's urban air flow. To this, a library research method was used to collect information, analytical-descriptive as well as computer simulation with Envi-met software and ANSYS to select the appropriate model. According to the modeling done for the nine different types of building with different forms and heights, it was concluded that changing these factors in residential building on the air flow Natural and wind speeds affect thus affect the distribution of particulate matter. In this study, the results of modeling show the residual amount of particulate matter around 9 tall building models, of which the square shape with 20-degree height in the specified position is more suitable than other options.

References:

Abhijith, A., Kumar, P., & Gallagher, J. (2017). Air pollution abatement performances of green infrastructure in openroad and built-up street canyon environmentse-A review. Atmospheric Environment, 162, 71-86.

Ahuja, A., & Dalui, S. (2006). Unpleasent Pedestrian Wind Conditions Around Building. Asian Journal of Civil Engineering (Building and Housing), 7(2), 147- 154.

Bemquerer, F., Rasia, C., & Leitekruger, E. (2010). A Method for Simulating NOx Dispersion in an Urban Area Using ENVI-met, ACM. New York, USA, April2010 (188), 1-8.

Bourbia, F., & Boucherriba, F. (2010). Impact of street design on urban microclimate for semi arid climate (Constantine). Renewable Energy, 35(2), 343-347

Brown DeKay, M. (2010). Sun, Wind & Light: Architectural Design Strategies. Translated by Saeid Aghaei, 2th ed. Tehran: Parham Publication. (in Persian)

Bruse M, 2014, www.envi-met.de.

Colvile, EJ., Hutchinson, EJ., Mindel, JS., & Warren, RF. (2001) The transport sector as a source of air pollution. Atmospheric Environment, 35(9), 1537-1565.

Eskridge, RE., & Rao, ST. (1986). Turbulent Diffusion Behind Vehicles: Experimentally Determined Turbulence Mixing Parameters. Atmospheric Environment, 20, 851-860.

Etabi. F., Abaspour, M., Karbsi, A.R. (2007). Modeling of Emissions Suspended Particles Using ADMS-urban Model. Environmental Science and Technology, 9(1), 1-15. (in Persian)

Fenger J. Urban air quality. (1999). Atmospheric Environment. 33:4877-900.

Gaednia, B., Mirbakhsh, M., Haghshenas, A. (2009). Methods of Laboratory Analysis of Water, Soil, Air. Translation, Author: P.K. Kutpa, The Green Wave publisher.

Gasami T., Aliakbari Bidokhti, A.A., Sedaghatkerdar A., & Sahraiean F. (2007). Study of Synoptic Conditions at Several Critical Period the Air Pollution in Tehran. Environmental Science and Technology, 9(3-34), 229-238. (in Persian)

Ghanbari, H.A, Azizi, Gh. (2009). Numerical Simulation of Air Pollution in Tehran Based on Wind Patterns. Journal of Physical Geography Research, 68, 15-32. (in Persian)

Giasadin, M. (2006). Air pollution sources, effects and control. Tehran University Pub.

Hosseini, SH., Salehi, A. & Shokry,E. (2016). A Study on Impact of Vegetation and Green Roof on Increasing the Wind Speed and Pollutants Dispersion in the Urban Canyons Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics Model. Iran. J.Health & Environ., 9(3), 397-410. (in Persian)

Hui, S.C.M., & Zhao, Z. (2013). Thermal Regulation Performance of Green Living Walls in Buildings. In Proceedings of the Joint Symposium 2013: Innovation and Technology for Built Environment, Hong Kong, China, 12 November 2013.

Hurley, P. (2007). Modelling Mean and Turbulence Fields in the Dry Convective Boundary Layer with the Wddy-Diffusivity/Mass-flux Approach. Boundary-Layer Meteorol, 125, 525–536.

Kim, H., Kim, T., & Leigh, S. (2014). Assessment of Pedestrian Wind Environment of High-rise Complex Using CFD Simulation, Sustainable Procurement in Urban. Regeneration and Renovation Northern Europe and North-West Russia, 1-8.

Luhar, A.K., & Hurley, P.J. (2003). Evaluation of TAPM, a Prognostic Meteorological and Air Pollution Model, Using Urban and Rural Point-source Data. Atmospheric Environment, 37(2003), 2795–2810.

Nielinger, J., Rainer, R., Höfl, H.C., & Kost,W. (2005). Lagrange VERSUS Eulerian Dispertion Modeling Comparsion For Investigation Concerning Air Pollution Caused By Traffic. 9th Int. Conf. on Harmonisation within Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling for Regulatory Purposes. 129-132

Peng Wang, H.M. (2011). Random-walk Model Simulation of Air Pollutant Dispersion in Atmospheric Boundary Layer in China. Environ Monit Assess, 172, 507–515.

Radic, Mina., Brkovi´c Dodig, Marta., & Auer, Thomas. (2019). Green Facades and Living Walls—A Review Establishing the Classification of Construction Types and Mapping the Benefits, Sustainability, 11, 4579.

Rahnamaei, MT.(1990). Topics and Methods of Urban Planning.3th ed. Center for Architecture and Urban Studies, Tehran; Chap Goster Publication. (in Persian)

Rui, L., Buccolieri, R., Gao, Z. et al. Build. Simul. (2019). Study of the effect of green quantity and structure on thermal comfort and air quality in an urban-like residential district by ENVI-met modelling. Building Simulation, 12(2), 183–194.

Salizzoni P, Soulhac, L., Mejean, P., & Perkins, RJ. (2008). Influence of a Two Scaleroughness on a Neutral Turbulent boundary Layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, 127(1), 97-110.

Shamsipour, A., Najibzadeh, F., & Hosseinpour, Z. (2013). Simulation of Tehran Air Pollution Dispersion Model in Windy Air. Geography Enviroment Hazards. 4,19-36. (in Persian)

Shareipoor, Z. (2009). Assessing Changes Seasonal and Daily Air Pollutants and Its Relationship with Weather Parameters.  Journal of Physics Earth and Space 2,119. (in Persian)

Soares, P.M.M.,  Miranda, PM.A.,  Siebesma, A.P., & Teixeira, J. (2004). An Eddy-diffusivity/mass-flux Parameterisation for Dry and Shallow Cumulus Convection. Quart J Ray Meteorol Soc, 130, 3365–3383.

Soares, P.M.M.,  Miranda, P.M.A., & Teixeira, J. (2007). An Eddy Diffusivity/Mass-flux Boundary Layer Parameterization Based on the TKE Equation: a Dry Convection Case Study. Física de la Tierra, 19, 147-161.

Tiwary, A., Robins, A., Namdeo, A., & Bell, M. (2011). Air Flow and Concentration Fields at Urban Road Intersections for Improved Understanding of Personal Exposure. Environment International, 37(5),1005-18.

Tominaga, Y., Mochida, A., & Yoshie, R. (2008). AIJ Guidelines for Practical Applications of CFD to Pedestrian Wind Environment Around Buildings. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 96(2008), 1749-1761.

Yang, A., Wen, C., Wu, Y., Juan, Y., Su, Y. (2013). Wind Field Analysis for a High-rise Residential Building Layout in Danhai, Taiwan. Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering, 2(3-5), 843-848.

Zawar-reza, p.,  Appelhans, T., Gharaylou, M., Shamsipur, A. (2010). Meso Scale Control on Particulate Matter Pollution for Mega City in a Semi-arid Mountainous Environment. Environment and Pollution, 4(1/2),166-183.

Zawar-Reza, P., Simon, K., & Jamie, P. (2005). Evaluation of a Year-long Dispersion Modelling of PM10 Using the Meso-scale Model TAPM for Christchurch. New Zealand. Science of the Total Environment, 349(1-3), 249– 259.