Structural analysis of drivers affecting the future status of urban competitiveness (Case study: Tehran metropolis)

Subject Areas : Architecture and urbanization

Elnaz Behzadpour ¹ , Mohammad reza Farzad behtash ² , Zahra Saeede ZarAbadi ³

1 - PhD of Urban Planning, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Planning, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2021-04-30 Accepted : 2021-07-24 Published : 2023-02-20

Keywords: ", Urban Competitiveness", Propulsion", Tehran Metropolis",

Abstract :

AbstractIntroduction: Urban competitiveness as a new approach in urban planning tries to discuss urban development from a new perspective by having a kind of competition between cities to attract effective capital in development and emphasizing competitive advantage.Aim of the research: The purpose of this article is to present an analysis of the structural effects of effective drivers on the future state of urban competitiveness in the metropolis of Tehran.Research Methodology: Research in terms of practical purpose, collecting information from documentary studies in the form of content analysis and specialized interviews with 20 expertsAnd it is Delphi. 43 Drivers Affecting the Future of Tehran Metropolitan Competitiveness in 7 economic, institutional, physical-spatial, environmental, individual-human, socio-cultural and technological and communication dimensions, which have been processed by structural interaction analysis method in MICMAC software.Geographical area of the research: According to the results of the 2016 census, the metropolis of Tehran has a population of 8679936 people in 22 regions, which are settled in an area of 716 square kilometers.Findings and Discussion: The findings of the study indicate that out of 1359 measurable stimuli, 548 relationships with the number 2 have relatively strong impact relationships, plus 196 relationships have the number 3, which means that the key propulsion relationships are very They are many and have a lot of impact and effectiveness. The propulsion clustering system focuses on independent propulsion and about 20 propellants have low impact and effectiveness.Results: The results show that among 43 drivers, 9 drivers are the most important drivers of the future competitiveness of Tehran metropolis, respectively: urban governance, quality of universities and research institutions, e-government, urban form and density, economic stability The system of using intelligent transportation, creating innovation through specialization of regional economy, the existence of knowledge-based and innovative business, urban management planning and market-based management have been identified, so priority should be given to these key drivers in formulating the future strategy of metropolitan competitiveness. Tehran should be provided through the foundation of upstream documents and the content of the urban competitiveness planning plan.

References:

حسینی، فاطمه سادات؛ ذبیحی، حسین؛ جهانشاهلو، لعلا قربانی و رسول، کاظمی زاد. (1397). جایگاه، ابعاد و تحقق رقابت­پذیری شهری در مدیریت شهری، فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت شهری، 10 (34)، 91-77.

خضرایی شولای فر، مریم و کرکه آبادی، زینب. (1397). بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر رقابت­پذیری شهری بر اساس مدل پیشنهادی  Saez با تکیه‌بر مفهوم Coopetition (موردمطالعه: شهر تهران)، فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی نگرش­های نو در علوم جغرافیا، 11 (1)، 129- 111.

رضویان، محمدتقی. (1397). رقابت‌پذیر پایدار شهری در چارچوب همکاری محلی و منطقه­ای، رساله برای درج مقطع دکتری، برنامه‌ریزی و جغرافیای شهری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، دانشکده علوم زمین، تهران، ایران.

علی‌اکبری، اسماعیل؛ خداداد کاشی، فرهاد و کماسی، حسین. (1397). ارزیابی رقابت­پذیری کلان­شهرهای ایران، فصلنامه برنامه­ریزی منطقه­ای، 8(29) ، 26- 13.

علی‌اکبری، اسماعیل و اکبری، مجید. (1396). مدل‌سازی ساختاری تفسیری عوامل مؤثر بر زیست پذیری کلان‌شهر تهران، برنامه‌ریزی و آمایش فضا،  21 (1)، 31-1.

قربانی، رسول و کاظمی زاد، شمس اله. (1398). تحلیلی بر عوامل مؤثر در رقابت­پذیری شهری بر پایه روش سناریونویسی (مورد شناسی: شهر تبریز)، فصلنامه جغرافیا و آمایش شهری- منطقه‌ای،  9 (30)، 19-38.

مرکز آمار ایران، 1395، سرشماری نفوس و مسکن، 1395.

Anastasia.P.G. (2017). An Evaluation of City Branding to Reinforce The City Competitiveness (A Case Study of Surabaya). International Journal of Management and Applied Science (IJMAS) , 3(5),  119-124.

Bruneckiene. J., Guzavicius.A., Cincikaite. R.(2010).Measurement of Urban Competitiveness in Lithuania. Engineering Economics, 21.

Dervojeda. K., Verzijl. D., Nagtegaal. F., Lengton, M., Elco Rouwmaat., Monfardini. E., Frideres, L. (2013). EC, The Sharing Economy, Accessibility Based Business Models for Peer-to-Peer Markets. Coordination: Directorate - General for Enterprise and Industry, Directorate B “Sustainable Growth and EU 2020”, Unit B3 “Innovation Policy for Growth”. European Union, September 2013.

Dönmez. C.Ç., Atalan. A. (2019). Developing Statistical Optimization Models for Urban Competitiveness Index: Under the Boundaries of Econophysics Approach. Complexity, Pp: 1-11.

Dvouletý. O., I. Blažková. (2020), Determinants of competitiveness of the Czech SMEs: findings from the global competitiveness project. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal, ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print).

Deepanjan. S., Sen. J. (2015). Understanding Clustering in Creative-Knowledge Cities Creative Clusters in Kolkata, India. 123-127.

Elrouby, S. (2020). Potential economies.  Graduation Thesis, MSc Management in Built Environment, TU Delft.

Esmaeilpoorarabi,N. Yigitcanlar, T. Guaralda,M. Kamruzzaman, MD. (2018). Evaluating place quality in innovation districts: A Delphic hierarchy process approach,Land Use Policy, 76 (0264),471-486.

Esmaeilpoorarabi. N., Yigitcanlar.T., Guaralda. M. (2016). Towards an urban quality framework: determining critical measures for different geographical scales to attract and retain talent in cities. International Journal of Knowledge-Based Development, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd,  7(3), 290-312.

Fachinelli. A.C., F. Pauletto. D’Arrigo.,K.J. Breunig.(2018). The value context in knowledge-based development: revealing the context factors in the development of Southern Brazils Vale dos Vinhedos region. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 16(1),32-41.

Godet. A. J., Meunier. M. F., Roubelat. F. (2003). Structural analysis with the MICMAC method & actors’ strategy with MACTOR method, Futures Research Methodology, No.

Guo, H., Liu, X. . (2015). Comparison Analysis and Evaluation of Urban Competitiveness in Chinese Urban Clusters. Sustainability, 7(4), 4425-4447.

Im. T., Hartley. K., Aligning Needs. (2019).Capacities to Boost Government Competitiveness. Public Organiz Rev, 19, 119–137.

Islamic Consultative Research Center. (2016). The Situation of Iran in the Latest Global Competitiveness Report. Tehran, pp: 1-16.

1. (2000). The World Competitiveness Yearbook 2000, Lausanne: Switzerland: International Institute for Management Development.

Kresl, P. K.., Ni, P. (2006). Global Urban Competitiveness,   Report (2005-2006). Beijing: Social Sciences Academic Press.

Kresl, P. K.,Singh. (1995). Competitiveness and the Urban Economy: Twentyfour large US metropolitan areas. Urban Studies, 36(,5),791-794.

Kapitsinis, N., Metaxas, T. (2013). Territorial Competition: Theories, arguments, policies and lessons of the last 25 years. Retrieved from.

Li, X., (2020).Cultural creative economy and urban competitiveness: How one matters to the other. Journal of Urban Affairs, 42(8), 1164-1179.

Pengfei,N. Kamiya., M. Ding, R. (2017). Cities Network Along the Silk Road The Global Urban Competitiveness Report: books, published by Springer Nature.

OECD. (2000). The competitiveness of European industry: 1999 Report. Working Document of The Services of The EuropeanCommission: COM ,OECD, Paris.

Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PCCI) (2015). Competitiveness in Philippine Cities.

Porter. M. E. (2008). The five competitive forces, In M. E. Porter, on competition, updated and expanded edition,United State of America: Harvard Business School Publishing Corporation, Boston, 11, 37-73

Porter, M. E. (2000). Locations, Clusters, and Company Strategy, In G. L. Clark, M. P. Feldman, & M. S. Gertler, location and Innovation: The New Economic Geography of Innovation, Spillovers, and Agglomeration, Oxford University Press, New York.

Porter, M. E. (1990). The competitive advantage of nations, Harvard, Business Review, 74-91.

Porter, M. E. (1990). Toward a new conception of the environment- competitiveness relationship, Journal of economic perspectives, 9(4), 97-118.

Richards, Greg. (2013). Creativity and tourism in the city. Current Issues in Tourism. 17.  

Schwab. K. (2014). The GlobalCompetitiveness, the World Economic Forum.

Simmie. J. (2005). Innovation and Space: A Critical Review of the Literature. Regional Studies, 39(6) , 789–804.

Sáez, L.,I. Periáñez. (2015). Benchmarking urban competitiveness in Europe to attract investment. Cities. 48, 76-85.

Singhal, S., McGreal,  S., Berry , J. (2015). An evaluation model for city competitiveness: Application to U.K cities. University of U.K.

Shen, J. (2004). Urban competitiveness and urban governance in the globalizing world. Asian Geographer. 23. 19-36.

Sinkiene, J. (2009). Competitiveness Factors of Cities in Lithuania. Public policy and administration, (2): 47-53.

Truchy. A., Angeler. D.G., Sponseller. R.A., Johnson, R.K. McKie, B.G. (2015). Linking biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and services, and ecological resilience: towards an integrative framework for improved management. Advances in Ecological Research, 53, 55–96.

Turok, I. (2004). Urban Regeneration: what can be done and what should be avoided?. Paper presented to International Urban Regeneration Implementations Symposium, Lütfi Kırdar Exhibition Centre, Istanbul.

United Nations.(2018). The World’s Cities in 2018, available at: the worlds cities in 2018 data booklet.

UnHabitat. (2015). Enhansing the competitiveness of cities. Unpacking and improving the drivers of city competitiveness, URBAN ECONOMY BRANCH.

Villamejor-Mendoza, F. (2020). Competitive cities: implications for better public service, Policy Design and Practice, PP: 445-461.

White, J.T.(2020). Designing the Global City: Design Excellence, Competitions and the Remaking of Central Sydney. Planning Theory & Practice, 21(5), 812-815.

World economic  forum. (2019). The global competitiveness report.

World bank. (2015). Competitive cities for jobs and growth.

World Urbanization Prospectus. (2019). United Nations,Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division.

Xiaoling. Z., Huan. L. (2018). Urban resilience and urban sustainability: What we know and what do not know? Cities, 72 (part A), 141-148.

Yijing, L, Haixiang, G. (2016). Measuring the urban competitiveness of Chinese cities based on multiattribute decision making approach, Journal of Sustainable Development, 315- 341.

Yigitcanlar. T., Inkinen. T. (2019). Geographies of disruption. Place making of innovation in the age of knowledge economy. springer, book, 225-227.

Zitek, V., Klímová, v. (2016). Identification of Knowledge Bases: The Case of the Czech Republic. Engineering Economics. 27.