A Model of Corporate Social Responsibility in a Competitive Environment based on Improving Labor Productivity in Food Industry
Subject Areas : Business ManagementVahide Hajihassani 1 , Hassan Rangriz 2 , Babak Hajikarimi 3
1 - Ph.D. Student , Business Management, Department of Management, Islamic Azad University, Abhar Branch, Abhar, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Human Resource Management & MBA, Faculty of Management, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Management, Islamic Azad University , Abhar Branch, Abhar, Iran
Keywords: Labor Productivity, Food Industry, Grounded Theory, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), competitive invironment,
Abstract :
The present study on cooperate social responsibility(CSR) aimed at providing a model of CSR in food industry based on improving labor productivity. This qualitative research was an applied-exploratory one. To this end, 13 food industry experts were identified using targeted and snowball sampling methods and were interviewed. The data was gathered through in-depth interviews and analysed according to the grounded theory with the Strauss and Corbin ‘s systematic approach. The results based on the grounded theory approach revealed that there were 161 open codes, 46 axial codes and 20 selective codes. According to the results of the study, the use of the model would result in improved customer experience, brand reputation and economic independence, which, in the current situation of the country that is under economic sanctions, is an effective factor in reducing Iran's dependence on other countries. Moreover, it was found that labour productivity can be improved through the cleanliness and neatness of the work environment.
Ansari, F.(2020).Corporate Social Responsibility and Organizational Productivity (Case Study: Noorabad Mamasani Oil Company), Journal of New Research Approaches in Management and Accounting, 39(9): 133-142. .[in Persian].
Alam, S.M.SH.,& Islam, K.M.Z.(2021). Examining the role of environmental corporate social responsibility in building green corporate image and green competitive advantage, International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility, 6(8), 1-16.
Aspalter, k.(2018). Communication of CSR Activites and its Perception of Employees: Analysis of the Perception of Different employees Groups on the Basis of a Case Study of Anaustriancompan, The 7th International Conference on Social Responsibility, Ethics, and Sustainable Business, 39.
Akbari, M., & Farkhondeh, M., & Ayagh, Z.(2019). Investigating the Effect of Product Market Competition on Financial Performance by Moderating Role of Information Disclosure Quality: The Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange, Asset Management and Financing, 7(1):24, 29-44. .[in Persian].
Akerlof, G.A., & R.E. Kranton.(2005). Identity and the economics of organizations. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(1), 9–32.
Bagherinezhad, Z & Abdullahi, B & Hassanpour, A & J’afarinia, S.(2020). Designing a Model for Social Responsibility Human Resource Management in Electric Power Industry, Scientific Journal of Research in Human Resources Management, 2(40), 147-187. .[in Persian].
Bonsu,S.(2018). Corporate Social Responsibility Implementation Framework, Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies, Walden University ScholarWorks, 1-176.
Barzegari Khanghah. J., & Abbasi. A.(2020) Gadakfroushan M. Investigating the Interactive Effect of Tax Risk and Social Responsibility on the Value of Companies Accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange. Journal of Accounting Knowledge, 11(1), 159-189.[in Persian].
Bagheri. MH., & Abdolvand. MA., & Tabibi. SJ., & Khodayari. B.(2020).Designing a Pattern of Social Responsibility in Entrepreneurship using Meta-synthesis method. Entrepreneurship Development; 13(1), 41-60.[in Persian].
Becchetti, L., & Di Giacomo, S., & Pinnacchio, D.(2020). The impact of Social Responsibility on productivity and efficiency of US listed companies, XIII Tor Vergata Financial Conference, 1-56.
Corbin, J., & Strauss, A (2007). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1-400.
Creswell, J.(1396). Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five approaches, Danaeifard, H., & Kazemi, H, Saffar. .[in Persian].
Danaeifard, H., & Emami, S.M.(2007). Strategies of Qualitative Research: A Reflection on Grounded Theory, Strategic Management Thought, 1(2), 69-97. [in Persian].
Ghorbani. MJ., & Faghihih. A., & Azizi. Sh.(2019). An Investigation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Model of Oil Refining Companies via Exploratory Mix Method. Organizational Culture Management, 18(1), 1-26.[in Persian].
Gibbs, G.(2002). Qualitative data analysis: Exploration with NVivo, Understanding Social Research Series, Berkshare: Open University Press.
Glaser, BG., & Strauss, A., & Strauss, AL.(1968). The discovery of grounded theory, Strategies for qualitatives research, 1-271.
Hediger, W .(2010). Welfare and Capital – theoretic Foundations of Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Sustainability, Journal of Socio – Economics, 39(4), 518-526.
Hwang, S.(2008). Utilizing Qualitative Analysis Software: A Review of Atlasti, Social Science Computer Review, In Press, 26(4), 519-527.
Johnson, B (1997). Examining the validity structure of qualitative research, Education, 118(3), 282-292.
Jenny, F. & Eshani, B.(2004). Corporate Social Responsibility and Citizenship, Working Paper, 44(6), 1-8.
Kvale, S.(1996). Interviews: An Introduction to qualitative research interviewing, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage,1-326.
Khastar, H.(2014). Designing A policy Making Model for Cybersecurity, No Published Doctoral Study,Faculty of Management. [in Persian].
Kelly, K. S. (2001). Stewardship: The fifth step in the public relations process, In L. Robert & Heath (Eds.), Handbook of public relations, 279-289.
Kazem zade, S., & Mohammadi Bazargani, A. (2020). Investigating the Impact of Social Responsibility on Organizational Productivity in Bazargan Customs, The first international conference on new challenges and solutions in industrial engineering and management and accounting, sari. .[in Persian].
Liu, Sh., & Yan, M R.(2018). Corporate Sustainability and Green Innovation in an Emerging Economy-An Empirical Study in China, MDPI, Sustainability Journal, 10(11), 10-29.
Lukiewska, K., & Juchniewicz, M.(2021). Identification of the Relationships between Competitive Potential and Competitive Position of the Food Industry in the European Union, Sustainability, 13(8), 1-13.
Mohammadi. M, Zaree. M.(2019). Relationship between brand equity based on financial perspective, social responsibility and performance in Iranian food industry companies. Journal of Innovation in Food Science and Technology, 10(4), 161-170.[in Persian].
Newman, C., & Rand, J., & Tarp, F., & Trifkovic, N.(2016). Corporate social responsibility in a competitive business environment, United Nations University, 7, 1-27.
Nemati, A., & Emam Verdi., GH., & Baghani, A., & Daraee, R., & Nourollah Zade, N.(2019), Comparative study of the effect of capital structure on the profitability of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange with Southeast Asian countries based on the threshold panel regression approach, Accounting and Auditing Researches, 11(42), 123-157. .[in Persian].
Rangriz, R., & Arasteh, H., & Abbasian,H., & Tehranchi,T.(2019).The Competency Model in Order to Maintain the Staff of the Oil Companies that Covered by Article 44 of the Constitution, Journal of Public Administration Perspective, 9(36), 15-39. [in Persian]
Stenbacka, C.(2011). Qualitative research requires quality concepts of its own. Management Decision, 39(7), 551-555.
Shafei, R., & Ahmadi, K.(2018).Corporate Social Responsibility(Concepts, Theories, Models, Applications), Samt. [in Persian].
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J.(2010).Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Grounded Theory, Afshar, E, Ney.[in Persian]
Soloman R., Hansen K. (1985), “It’ s Good Business”, Atheneum, New York, 1-282.
Vincent Reade Dennis.(2017).Social Responsibility Strategies to Improve Firm Performance, Doctoral Study , Walden University, 1-155.
Wortham, S.(2001). Narratives In Action: A Strategh for Research And Analysis, London: Sage Publication Ltd, 1-183.
_||_Ansari, F.(2020).Corporate Social Responsibility and Organizational Productivity (Case Study: Noorabad Mamasani Oil Company), Journal of New Research Approaches in Management and Accounting, 39(9): 133-142. .[in Persian].
Alam, S.M.SH.,& Islam, K.M.Z.(2021). Examining the role of environmental corporate social responsibility in building green corporate image and green competitive advantage, International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility, 6(8), 1-16.
Aspalter, k.(2018). Communication of CSR Activites and its Perception of Employees: Analysis of the Perception of Different employees Groups on the Basis of a Case Study of Anaustriancompan, The 7th International Conference on Social Responsibility, Ethics, and Sustainable Business, 39.
Akbari, M., & Farkhondeh, M., & Ayagh, Z.(2019). Investigating the Effect of Product Market Competition on Financial Performance by Moderating Role of Information Disclosure Quality: The Companies Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange, Asset Management and Financing, 7(1):24, 29-44. .[in Persian].
Akerlof, G.A., & R.E. Kranton.(2005). Identity and the economics of organizations. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(1), 9–32.
Bagherinezhad, Z & Abdullahi, B & Hassanpour, A & J’afarinia, S.(2020). Designing a Model for Social Responsibility Human Resource Management in Electric Power Industry, Scientific Journal of Research in Human Resources Management, 2(40), 147-187. .[in Persian].
Bonsu,S.(2018). Corporate Social Responsibility Implementation Framework, Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies, Walden University ScholarWorks, 1-176.
Barzegari Khanghah. J., & Abbasi. A.(2020) Gadakfroushan M. Investigating the Interactive Effect of Tax Risk and Social Responsibility on the Value of Companies Accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange. Journal of Accounting Knowledge, 11(1), 159-189.[in Persian].
Bagheri. MH., & Abdolvand. MA., & Tabibi. SJ., & Khodayari. B.(2020).Designing a Pattern of Social Responsibility in Entrepreneurship using Meta-synthesis method. Entrepreneurship Development; 13(1), 41-60.[in Persian].
Becchetti, L., & Di Giacomo, S., & Pinnacchio, D.(2020). The impact of Social Responsibility on productivity and efficiency of US listed companies, XIII Tor Vergata Financial Conference, 1-56.
Corbin, J., & Strauss, A (2007). Basics of qualitative research: Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1-400.
Creswell, J.(1396). Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five approaches, Danaeifard, H., & Kazemi, H, Saffar. .[in Persian].
Danaeifard, H., & Emami, S.M.(2007). Strategies of Qualitative Research: A Reflection on Grounded Theory, Strategic Management Thought, 1(2), 69-97. [in Persian].
Ghorbani. MJ., & Faghihih. A., & Azizi. Sh.(2019). An Investigation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Model of Oil Refining Companies via Exploratory Mix Method. Organizational Culture Management, 18(1), 1-26.[in Persian].
Gibbs, G.(2002). Qualitative data analysis: Exploration with NVivo, Understanding Social Research Series, Berkshare: Open University Press.
Glaser, BG., & Strauss, A., & Strauss, AL.(1968). The discovery of grounded theory, Strategies for qualitatives research, 1-271.
Hediger, W .(2010). Welfare and Capital – theoretic Foundations of Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Sustainability, Journal of Socio – Economics, 39(4), 518-526.
Hwang, S.(2008). Utilizing Qualitative Analysis Software: A Review of Atlasti, Social Science Computer Review, In Press, 26(4), 519-527.
Johnson, B (1997). Examining the validity structure of qualitative research, Education, 118(3), 282-292.
Jenny, F. & Eshani, B.(2004). Corporate Social Responsibility and Citizenship, Working Paper, 44(6), 1-8.
Kvale, S.(1996). Interviews: An Introduction to qualitative research interviewing, Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage,1-326.
Khastar, H.(2014). Designing A policy Making Model for Cybersecurity, No Published Doctoral Study,Faculty of Management. [in Persian].
Kelly, K. S. (2001). Stewardship: The fifth step in the public relations process, In L. Robert & Heath (Eds.), Handbook of public relations, 279-289.
Kazem zade, S., & Mohammadi Bazargani, A. (2020). Investigating the Impact of Social Responsibility on Organizational Productivity in Bazargan Customs, The first international conference on new challenges and solutions in industrial engineering and management and accounting, sari. .[in Persian].
Liu, Sh., & Yan, M R.(2018). Corporate Sustainability and Green Innovation in an Emerging Economy-An Empirical Study in China, MDPI, Sustainability Journal, 10(11), 10-29.
Lukiewska, K., & Juchniewicz, M.(2021). Identification of the Relationships between Competitive Potential and Competitive Position of the Food Industry in the European Union, Sustainability, 13(8), 1-13.
Mohammadi. M, Zaree. M.(2019). Relationship between brand equity based on financial perspective, social responsibility and performance in Iranian food industry companies. Journal of Innovation in Food Science and Technology, 10(4), 161-170.[in Persian].
Newman, C., & Rand, J., & Tarp, F., & Trifkovic, N.(2016). Corporate social responsibility in a competitive business environment, United Nations University, 7, 1-27.
Nemati, A., & Emam Verdi., GH., & Baghani, A., & Daraee, R., & Nourollah Zade, N.(2019), Comparative study of the effect of capital structure on the profitability of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange with Southeast Asian countries based on the threshold panel regression approach, Accounting and Auditing Researches, 11(42), 123-157. .[in Persian].
Rangriz, R., & Arasteh, H., & Abbasian,H., & Tehranchi,T.(2019).The Competency Model in Order to Maintain the Staff of the Oil Companies that Covered by Article 44 of the Constitution, Journal of Public Administration Perspective, 9(36), 15-39. [in Persian]
Stenbacka, C.(2011). Qualitative research requires quality concepts of its own. Management Decision, 39(7), 551-555.
Shafei, R., & Ahmadi, K.(2018).Corporate Social Responsibility(Concepts, Theories, Models, Applications), Samt. [in Persian].
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J.(2010).Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Grounded Theory, Afshar, E, Ney.[in Persian]
Soloman R., Hansen K. (1985), “It’ s Good Business”, Atheneum, New York, 1-282.
Vincent Reade Dennis.(2017).Social Responsibility Strategies to Improve Firm Performance, Doctoral Study , Walden University, 1-155.
Wortham, S.(2001). Narratives In Action: A Strategh for Research And Analysis, London: Sage Publication Ltd, 1-183.