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Open Access Article
1 - A study of the structural similarities between the story of Zahak Shahnameh with the story of "The Lion and the Rabbit" by Kelileh Woodmaneh and the Indian story of "Bahim Sin and Bakeh" by Mahabharata
Tayebeh Rahmani Soheila Mousavi Sirjani Abdolhossein Farzad The presence of animals in human life has caused these creatures to serve human thoughts first in mythical life and then symbolically. Kelileh Woodman is one of the works in which animals have played a role. Due to the rich culture and history of ancient civiliza More The presence of animals in human life has caused these creatures to serve human thoughts first in mythical life and then symbolically. Kelileh Woodman is one of the works in which animals have played a role. Due to the rich culture and history of ancient civilizations, Iran and India, the same and common myths can be seen in these two cultures. Given that the main theme is often common myths. Myths are very similar not only in content but also in structure. In this research, with descriptive-analytical method and library method, common roots and symbols in Zahak story with the story of "The Lion and the Rabbit" by Kelileh Woodmaneh and "Behim Sin and Bakeh" Mahabharata have been compared in terms of mythology and common cases have been analyzed and deciphered. . Kelilehudmaneh anecdotes have always been of interest to the authors of Persian texts and have created a bridge between Indian and Iranian culture. In this article, the roots of the story of "the lion and the rabbit" with the story of Behima and Bakeh (Mahabharata) and Fereydoun and Zahak (Shahnameh) in Indian and Iranian mythology have been searched and analyzed and deciphered. Their similarity is that a powerful tyrant (king or demon) kills a number of inhabitants (city / forest) every day to feed himself; The inhabitants of the city / forest send one or two people to him every day so that he does not harm others, and eventually one of the cruel prey causes his death and destruction. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - the intellectual approaches of Rumi and Arvinialum to the category of fear
Parstoo yamini Kamel Ahmadnezhad Farideh Mohseni Hanjani Afsaneh Latifi Azimi Rumi's special skill is psychology and human cognition, and the concern of anthropology and helping to alleviate the existential and cognitive pains and fears of man is one of his special intellectual characteristics, so that man does not fall into self-ignorance More Rumi's special skill is psychology and human cognition, and the concern of anthropology and helping to alleviate the existential and cognitive pains and fears of man is one of his special intellectual characteristics, so that man does not fall into self-ignorance and the sufferings and fears caused by it. Rumi's solutions to fear in Masnavi are unique, and today's psychology, which provides mechanisms for understanding the nodes of human existence, is comparable in some respects - albeit with a different approach or goals to Rumi. By studying the works of existentialist or humanistic psychologists, it seems that Soren Kirkgour, Rolumi, Abraham Maslow, Eric Fromm, Victor Frankel, Arvinialum, etc. are more efficient than others in this field of research. Due to the limitations of the research, we chose Arvinialum, who has valuable ideas to say on the subject under discussion. Because Rumi's view of issues is often existential and the frightening existential concerns common between Rumi and Arvinialum are: the grief of homelessness and existential loneliness, fear of death, fear of freedom and authority. Therefore, we examine the commonalities between the two (Rumi and Yalom) despite the differences in insight and approach. For example, Rumi's intellectual solutions to get rid of fear, such as story therapy, familiarity with the wisdom and blessings of grief and initial descent, the fear of authority and the wisdom contained in it, and the meaning of life have been compared with Yalom's intellectual approaches. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A Comparative Analysis of Sa’di and Alexander Pope’s Views on “Man’s Rationality” and “Body-Soul Dualism”
Shadi Mohyeddin Ghomshei Jalal SokhanvarThe present paper offers a comparative analysis of the ideas of “man’s rationality” and “body-soul dualism” from the perspectives of Sa’di, the great Persian classical poet of the 13th century and Alexander Pope, the outstanding Engli MoreThe present paper offers a comparative analysis of the ideas of “man’s rationality” and “body-soul dualism” from the perspectives of Sa’di, the great Persian classical poet of the 13th century and Alexander Pope, the outstanding English writer and poet of the eighteenth century, based on the American school of comparative literature. The works of the two poets manifest their deep preoccupation with the question of ‘human nature’ and demonstrate that their ideas have emanated from two important sources: The Holy Scriptures and the traditions of classical philosophy. The significance of this study is twofold: it displays the approach of the two poets from two different cultures to the eminent subject of human nature and it further highlights the common grounds between the fields of literature, religion, and philosophy in Persian and English literature. The paper illustrates that although Sa’di and Pope come from two different religious and philosophical backgrounds, they are similar in their fundamental reflections and principle ideas on human nature. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - A Comparative Study of Sohrab Sepehri’s “Posht e Darya” and Constantine Cavafy’s “The City”
Sadegh Arshi Ali Takarli Human emotions universally manifest themselves in the forms of happiness and sadness. Sohran Sepehri has a poem named “Posht e Darya” in his work “Hajm e Sabz”. This poem has a resemblance to one of Constantine Cavafy’s poems named & More Human emotions universally manifest themselves in the forms of happiness and sadness. Sohran Sepehri has a poem named “Posht e Darya” in his work “Hajm e Sabz”. This poem has a resemblance to one of Constantine Cavafy’s poems named “The City”. This study takes a descriptive and analytic approach in comparing these two poems and finding their similarities and differences. In addition, this study aims to investigate which of the two poets was probably influenced by the other in writing his poem. The findings show that Cavafy wrote his poem before Sohrab Sepehri, and Sohrb was probably influenced by Cavafy when writing his poem, Posht e Daray. Sohrab’s poem is full of hope while Cavafy’s poem is full of hopelessness. Sohrab’s poem is long and spiritual while Cavafy’s poem is short and wordly. In Shorab’s poem, temporary hopelessness leads to departure; however, hopelessness in Cavafy’s poem leads to settling, growing old, etc… Contrary to Sohrab’s hope in his poem, Cavafy does not believe in hope in his poem, The City. Sohrab speaks of loneliness to remember paradise while Cavafy’s loneliness is the result of his worldly life. Contrary to the dark and frustrating atmosphere of the city, the atmosphere and wording of Posht e Darya is full of hope. The language of Sohrab’s poem is poetic and ambiguous while the language of Cavafy’s poem is colloquial and explicit. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - A study and analysis of the concept of religious experience in the works of Theodore Dostoevsky With an approach to the novels "Crime and Punishment" and "Karamazov Brothers"
azade hoseiniy ARASTOO MIRANI mohammadali mirIn his works, Dostoevsky reflects on his religious experiences and describes most of his doctrinal and ideological views in them. Thus, the subjects the author deals with, as well as the characters he creates, are all used to explain his religious beliefs. Religious exp MoreIn his works, Dostoevsky reflects on his religious experiences and describes most of his doctrinal and ideological views in them. Thus, the subjects the author deals with, as well as the characters he creates, are all used to explain his religious beliefs. Religious experience comes in many forms, but a look at the novels Crime and Punishment and The Karamazov Brothers shows that Dostoevsky was only interested in its interpretive nature. His interpretive experience was created by two external factors (invitation to Christianity by his grandfather and monks) and internal (solitude with himself in prison in his youth). He first learned this interpretive experience in an imitative and traditional way, but later demonstrated it in the form of representations of critical and challenging ideas. He visibly recognized the shortcomings of the church as the main institution of religion in Russia, and based on his interpretive experience, addressed them in the language of a figure named Pavlovich. Dostoevsky's goal was not destructive and stemming from psychological entanglements, but to justify such criticisms in order to improve the beliefs and religious conditions of the people. This article has been compiled with reference to library sources and descriptive-analytical method and it deals with the basic issue of how Dostoevsky's religious experiences evolved in the mentioned novels. The main question of the research is what is the most important religious experience of Dostoevsky in these two novels? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Structural, Conceptual and Applied Comparative Analysis of Laki and Persian Language Parables
Farshad Eskandari Sharafi Mehdi Sadeghi Darvishi Oral or popular literature is the true translation of various aspects of people's lives in every era, and parables as one of the most prominent types of public literature and intellectual and cultural expressions of human societies, echo beliefs, thoughts, feelin More Oral or popular literature is the true translation of various aspects of people's lives in every era, and parables as one of the most prominent types of public literature and intellectual and cultural expressions of human societies, echo beliefs, thoughts, feelings, abuses, aspirations, customs and traditions of different tribes. Iran with a rich and long-standing culture, resulted from intellectual bond and cultural affinity of various ethnic groups, has always been the origin of rich parables, and parables of the people of Lak, the oldest and most racial Iranian people, like other parables, have increased the richness of popular culture and literature and Oral History of Iran. The structural, conceptual and applied contributions of verbal literary parables in the Laki and Persian languages represent the cultural interaction of these languages, showing that Laki and Persian had bilateral relations. This study describes Laki parables with Persian ones based on the effect of the French comparative school on structural, conceptual and applied aspects of the descriptive- analytical approach and their similarity and uncertainty. The results of the research show that Laki and Persian parables are categorized in four sections based on similarity and uncertainty in three areas: 1. Parables with the same structure, content and application; 2. Parables with the same content and application, and a little difference in structure; 3. parables with the same content and application, and a completely different structure; and 4. parables with different structure, concept, or application from Persian ones. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Connection and confrontation of mythical reality and mystical miracles in the Abrahamic religions
Nasser Amir Mohammadi Nemat Esfahani Omran Hamid Tabasi The three great Abrahamic religions, apart from their Shari'a and the laws derived from it, which have penetrated into society through the Holy Scriptures, have spoken of mystical conduct which, apart from the law and the fear of hope for the reward and punishmen More The three great Abrahamic religions, apart from their Shari'a and the laws derived from it, which have penetrated into society through the Holy Scriptures, have spoken of mystical conduct which, apart from the law and the fear of hope for the reward and punishment of the Hereafter, seeks self-cultivation. Achieving the divine truth and joining him. In this sense, Sufism and mysticism have a considerable history before the formation of their Islamic form in Judaism and Christianity. One of the most important commonalities in all three mystical approaches is the concept of "dignity" meaning the performance of supernatural acts or states of habit. However, the epistemological as well as the phenomenological study of mystical miracles in all three Abrahamic religions shows the extent to which these events correspond to myth. The present article tries with a comparative method and descriptive-analytical approach by studying the historical formation of the concept of miracles and examining the most important religious myths, the relationship of some of these events with what the great mythologists think of as "mythical reality". Revealed and identified. The results show that dignity in Jewish mysticism, while linked to magic, follows the patterns of the myths of ancient Egypt; However, this is achieved in Christian mysticism on the basis of some kind of observation, and the main source of miracles is Christ himself. In Islamic mysticism, miracles accompany a miracle that instead of a messenger, it belongs to a divine guardian or mystic and is the result of self-cultivation, but it is a natural and sometimes coercive result and therefore has no virtue as a tool or goal. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Structural analysis of the love story of Wameq and Ozra based on Todorov's narrative model
shekofa Yaghmaei mahmoud Sadeghzadeh hadi haidariniaAncient poets and writers always used anecdotes to spread their ideas. Ansari Balkhi, a poet of the fourth century AH, has turned the love story of Wameq and Azra into poetry. In this article, Todorov's structuralist method has been used to obtain an elementary poetic s MoreAncient poets and writers always used anecdotes to spread their ideas. Ansari Balkhi, a poet of the fourth century AH, has turned the love story of Wameq and Azra into poetry. In this article, Todorov's structuralist method has been used to obtain an elementary poetic style in Wameq and Ozra and to analyze this anecdote. One of the main components of a story critique in Todorov's narrative model is its development and one of the most functional factors influencing the systematic coherence of this network. The fundamental issue of this research is to study and analyze the extent and manner of using the element of progress in the structure of this story. In this regard, a brief overview of Todorov's narrative model based on the recognition of progress, as well as the analysis and study of this effective element in the design of the system of Wameq and Azra is the main body of the article. The method of work in this research is reading this anecdote and structural analysis of their design based on the mentioned model. The general results obtained show that based on the actions, propositions and logical trajectory of events, the plot and network of developments in this anecdote are designed in a simple and appropriate way to the character of the anecdotes. The classic enumerates that in which there are many repetitive "propositions", it is very rare for deconstruction to occur in its "sequences" and the causality of its "text" tends towards mythical narrations. Manuscript profile
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