Journal of Ornamental  Plants: 14 (1)

Open Access Article

1 - Investigating the Effect of Different Levels of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Chrysanthemum (cv. Borna)
Mohammad Ali Khalaj Seyed Mohammad Banijamali Mohammad Reza Shafiei Elham Farahani Mostafa Javan Pegah Sayyad-Amin

Chrysanthemum is one of the five main cut flowers in Iran. Knowledge about the optimal range of macro-nutrientsespecially nitrogen (N), for the best quantitative and qualitative characteristics of chrysanthemum is of great importance. Randomized complete blocks design i More

Chrysanthemum is one of the five main cut flowers in Iran. Knowledge about the optimal range of macro-nutrientsespecially nitrogen (N), for the best quantitative and qualitative characteristics of chrysanthemum is of great importance. Randomized complete blocks design in three replications was implemented in this research. Five levels of N included 0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 kg/ha (ammonium nitrate) has been applied to chrysanthemum "Borna" cultivar in Mahalat city of Iran. These traits were measured: Score of life after harvest, branch number, flower numbers, flower longevity, days to flowering, chlorophyll, dry weight, shoot fresh weight, crown diameter, stem diameter and flower diameter. The results showed that maximum crown diameter, flower longevity, chlorophyll index, fresh and dry weight of the plant were obtained at the level of 150 kg/ha, compared to the control. Also, the highest total absorption of macro-nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK)), and micro-nutrients (iron, manganese, zinc and copper) was observed at the level of 150 kg/ha fertilization. According to the results, N application in the level 150 kg/ha can be recommended to have best growth condition for the "Borna" cultivar of chrysanthemum in Mahalat city. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Enhancing Germination of Habenaria janellehayneana (Orchidaceae): Insight from Asymbiotic and Symbiotic Methods
Theera Thummavongsa Chuthapond Musimun Santi Watthana Stephan Gale Rattaket Choeyklin Natthawut Wiriyathanawudhiwong Nooduan Muangsan

Habenaria janellehayneana Choltco, Moloney, & Yong Gee (Orchidaceae) is a lithophytic orchid with striking pink flowers that is endemic to Phitsanulok Province, northern Thailand. Only a few populations of this species are found in Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park. To mai More

Habenaria janellehayneana Choltco, Moloney, & Yong Gee (Orchidaceae) is a lithophytic orchid with striking pink flowers that is endemic to Phitsanulok Province, northern Thailand. Only a few populations of this species are found in Phu Hin Rong Kla National Park. To maintain rare plant species in ex situ collections thereby preventing extinctions, along with the aim of mass propagation for ornamental reasons, it is crucial that suitable propagation methods are developed. In this paper, we describe protocols for the asymbiotic and symbiotic germination of H. janellehayneiana. Of the four growing media tested, germination percentages were greatest on ½ VW (18.97%), followed by ½ MS (14.20%), MS (12.46%), and VW (11.93%) at 16 weeks, and protocorm development was most advanced (stage 4) within 10 weeks. Of the three plant growth regulators tested, including 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), gibberellic acid (GA), and thidiazuron (TDZ), at 0, 1, 3, and 5 mg/L concentrations, 1 mg/L BAP significantly enhanced seed germination (P <0.05) when compared to the control (8.47%). For symbiotic seed germination, two non-mycorrhizal endophytic fungi isolates of the genera Aspergillus and Colletotrichum increased seed germination by 14.03% and 11.00% respectively, when compared to the control (6.15%). These findings demonstrate that it is possible to germinate the seeds of H. janellehayneana via both asymbiotic and symbiotic method, with a symbiotic approach providing the best outcomes, and this could assist in the conservation of this and other rare terrestrial orchids, as well as increase their value in the ornamental market. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Expectation of Chamomile Fundamental Oil Abdicate by Using the Artificial Neural Network System
Nazanin Khakipour Mahtab Payandeh

The aim of this research was to forecast the proportion and production of chamomile essential oils by employing an artificial neural network system reliant on specific soil physicochemical characteristics. Various chamomile cultivation sites were explored, and 100 soil More

The aim of this research was to forecast the proportion and production of chamomile essential oils by employing an artificial neural network system reliant on specific soil physicochemical characteristics. Various chamomile cultivation sites were explored, and 100 soil samples were transported to the greenhouse. The pH, EC, K, OM (organic matter), CCE (calcium carbonate equivalent), and clay content in the soils ranged from 8.75 to 7.94, 1.6 to 1.0, 381 to 135, 2.30 to 0.22, 69 to 16, and 55.6 to 32.0, respectively. Growth parameters, essential oil percentage, and yield were measured. The artificial neural network modeling aimed to predict essential oil concentration and yield using three sets of soil properties as predictors: Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), and clay; pH, EC, organic matter (OM), and clay; CCE, clay, silt, sand, N, P, K, OM, pH, and EC. Consequently, three pedotransfer functions (PTFs) were formulated using the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) with the Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm to estimate chamomile essential oil content. The evaluation of results indicated that the third PTF (PTF3), developed using all independent variables, exhibited the highest accuracy and reliability. Furthermore, the findings suggested the feasibility of predicting chamomile essential oil concentration and yield based on soil physicochemical properties. This has significant implications for land suitability assessments, identifying areas conducive to chamomile cultivation, and planning for essential oil yields. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - Antioxidant Compounds, Minerals, and Nutrients of Different Chrysanthemum Genotypes
Hora Bayanifar Davood Hashemabadi Mohammad Sadegh Allahyari Behzad Kaviani

Chrysanthemum is a major ornamental flower in the world that is important medicinally and nutritionally. This research in 2022 investigated on 20 chrysanthemum genotypes produced and bred in the Ornamental Plants Research Center of Mahallat with regard to their nutritio More

Chrysanthemum is a major ornamental flower in the world that is important medicinally and nutritionally. This research in 2022 investigated on 20 chrysanthemum genotypes produced and bred in the Ornamental Plants Research Center of Mahallat with regard to their nutritional, mineral, and antioxidant compounds in a completely randomized design . The results showed that the genotypes differed in all studied traits. The highest Ca (74.1 mg/kg FW), Fe (2.231 mg/kg FW), and Se (0.233 mg/kg FW) were obtained from codes 326, 110, and 562, respectively. The highest Zn content (0.315 mg/kg FW) was related to codes 562 and 134. Codes 540 and 603 were related to the highest vitamin A (0.086 mg/kg) and vitamin C (13.58 mg/100 g FW), respectively. Code 751 had the highest protein level of 1.483%. Codes 540 and 138 exhibited the lowest and highest fiber percentages of 13.06 and 22.34%, respectively. The best genotypes in petal anthocyanins and carotenoids were codes 674 and 108, respectively. codes 684 and 354 had the highest and code 751 had the lowest flavonoid content. The highest and lowest total phenols were observed in codes 326 and 462, respectively. Based on the results, the 20 genotypes of chrysanthemum bred and produced in Iran can be used as a new and available food source to partially supply the nutrient requirement of the human body. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Physiological Responses and Nutritional Implications of Physalis alkekengi L. Under Varied Salinity Stress and Si and Se Nanoparticle Treatments
Mohammad Javad Abdi Marzieh Ghanbari Jahromi Seyed Najmmaddin Mortazavi Sepideh Kalateh Jari Mohammad Javad Nazarideljou

This study systematically investigates the physiological responses of Physalis alkekengi to diverse conditions of salinity stress (0, 50, 100, and 200 mM NaCl), coupled with the application of selenium (Se) nanoparticles at concentrations of 25 and 50 mgl-1, as well as More

This study systematically investigates the physiological responses of Physalis alkekengi to diverse conditions of salinity stress (0, 50, 100, and 200 mM NaCl), coupled with the application of selenium (Se) nanoparticles at concentrations of 25 and 50 mgl-1, as well as silicon (Si) nanoparticles at concentrations of 100 and 200 mg.l-1. The experiment involved a thorough examination of many characteristics connected to biomass, such as antioxidant enzyme activity, fatty acid composition, and elemental content. This analysis was conducted at varying levels of salinity and with the addition of nanoparticles. The findings revealed that exposure to salt stress has a detrimental effect on both plant development and fruit output, leading to changes in vegetative and morphological characteristics. The utilization of Se and Si nanoparticles had a significant alleviating impact on stress caused by salinity. The correlation matrix analysis revealed complex correlations among the examined parameters, emphasizing the interrelated responses of P. alkekengi to environmental stressors and nanoparticle interventions. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed the hidden patterns and connections between variables, highlighting the significant influence of biomass-related features, antioxidant enzymes, and fatty acid content on the observed variability. The results of this study enhance our knowledge of the physiological processes that regulate P. alkekengi's reaction to high salt levels. Additionally, it offers valuable information on the possible beneficial impacts of Se and Si nanoparticles in reducing the negative consequences of salinity stress. The study's comprehensive breadth increases its relevance to future research focused on optimizing growth circumstances and strengthening the resistance of P. alkekengi in demanding situations. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Soft Modeling of Factors Affecting Export Development of Ornamental Plants and Flowers Industry in Mazandaran Based on Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM)
Narges Mahdiee Majid Fani Majid Fattahi

Mazandaran's share of ornamental plants and flowers industry's exports has been decreasing over the past ten years, despite its proximity to CIS countries. The aim of research was to achieve a stratified model of effective factors in the export development of ornamental More

Mazandaran's share of ornamental plants and flowers industry's exports has been decreasing over the past ten years, despite its proximity to CIS countries. The aim of research was to achieve a stratified model of effective factors in the export development of ornamental plants and flowers in Mazandaran in the form of a comprehensive stratified operational model that has a practical nature. By reviewing the research literature and attracting the opinions of experts, the subject was identified in the form of 22 factors and 98 indicators. The basis of the research was the judgments of a group of experts and export experts and export producers from Mazandaran, who were selected based on a purposeful judgmental sampling. The validity of the researcher-made questionnaire was confirmed by experts. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed using interpretative structural modeling, and were drawn in terms of influence or impact on 6 levels in an interactive network. The findings showed that factors "International political and economic characteristic" and "Recreation of government in development of export" have the greatest impact on the export development of the flowers and ornamental plants industry and are considered the most basic factors and the factors "Improvement of commercial diplomacy", "Sustainable growth of economic" were also at the lowest level of effectiveness. Also, the driving force and dependence of other factors were also identifyed, in order to explain the effectiveness of the factors in the export development of this industry. Manuscript profile

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