انتخاب بستر کشت و روش تغذیه مناسب برای دستیابی به رشد مطلوب آروکاریای زینتی
Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental Plants
هاجر
عاشورزاده
1
(گروه باغبانی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، رشت، ایران)
علی
محمدی ترکاشوند
2
(گروه علوم خاک، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
علی
محبوب خمامی
3
(بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران.)
Keywords: ورمی کمپوست, بستر کشت, آروکاریای زینتی, نانوکود آهن,
Abstract :
به دلیل عدم دانش علمی اثبات شده در به­کار­گیری بستر کشت و روش بهتر تغذیه، تعیین مناسب­ترین بستر کشت و روش تغذیه برای این گیاه از اهمیت فراوانی برخوردار است. این تحقیق جهت مقایسه روش متداول کوددهی واستفاده ازنانو کودآهن بررشدوعملکرد کاج مطبق با استفاده از 6 روش تغذیه و 3 بستر کشت متفاوت به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار اجرا گردید. در این آزمایش نشاهای کاج آروکاریای زینتی پس از انتخاب نوع بستر به گلدان­های 4 لیتری انتقال یافتند و در گلخانه­ای مسقف با محدوده دمایی 17 تا 19 درجه سانتی­گراد در شب و 21 تا 23 درجه سانتی­گراد در روز نگهداری شدند. برخی از فاکتور­های رشد نظیر ارتفاع بوته، طول شاخه­های جانبی، قطر ساقه، طول ریشه، وزن تر اندام هوایی و ریشه، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه و وزن تر و خشک کل بوته و غلظت برخی عناصر غذایی در برگ اندازه­گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که از بین تیمارهای بستر کشت تیمار A3 (25% کوکوپیت+ 25% ورمی­کمپوست+ 25% خاک سبک+ 25% پرلیت) در اکثر صفات مورد ارزیابی (طول شاخه جانبی، وزن تر ریشه، وزن خشک ریشه، وزن خشک کل بوته، فسفر و آهن اندام هوایی)، مناسب­ترین بستر کشت برای نهال­های ریشه­دار این گیاه ارزشمند زینتی می­باشد. از نظر تغذیه با ترکیب­های مختلف کودی، تیمار B3 (فریلن)+20-20-20)NPK + فسفات دی آمونیم+ سولفات پتاسیم+ سولفات آمونیم) به دلیل داشتن اکثر عناصر و هم چنین منابع غذایی مورد نیاز در برخی صفات (طول شاخه جانبی، وزن تر اندام هوایی، وزن تر کل بوته، وزن خشک اندام هوایی و وزن خشک کل) دارای برتری می­باشد. نتایج نشان داد که تیمار A3B2 (25% کوکوپیت+ 25% ورمی کمپوست+ 25% خاک سبک+ 25% پرلیت) به همراه فسفات دی آمونیم، سولفات پتاسیم و سولفات آمونیم از نظر برخی فاکتور­های رشد نظیر وزن تر اندام هوایی و ریشه، وزن تر کل و وزن خشک کل نسبت به سایر تیمار­ها دارای برتری می­باشد و برای تولید کنندگان گیاهان زینتی قابل توصیه است.
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