کنترل بیولوژیک نماتد غده بنفشه آفریقایی با استفاده از پروتئاز باسیلوس

Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental Plants

هادی رهاننده ¹ , مهسا مشیدی ²

1 - گروه گیاه پزشکی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، رشت، ایران
2 - باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت ایران

Received: 2017-01-28 Accepted : 2017-07-04 Published : 2017-12-01

Keywords: کنترل بیولوژیک, باسیلوس, نماتد غده, بنفشه آفریقایی,

Abstract :

در این تحقیق تاثیر Bacillus spp. و پروتئاز تولیدی آن­ها روی نماتد غده  (Meloidogyne javanica) در میزبان بنفشه آفریقایی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. حدود 100 جدایه باکتریایی از خاک ها جداسازی شد. تاثیر همه‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌‌ی باکتری‌ها بر میزان مرگ و میر نماتدها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. از باکتری­های موثر چهار جدایه متعلق به جنس باسیلوس بودند. از باسیلوس های جداسازی شده جدایه GM18 بیشترین تاثیر را در مرگ و میر نماتد غده داشت. بر اساس آزمایش تولید پروتئاز 4 جدایه قادر به تولید پروتئاز در سطح پتری دیش بودند. بزرگترین هاله را جدایه GM18 به میزان 13 میلی متر تولید کرد. این جدایه بر اساس آزمایش­های بیوشیمیایی و توالی­سنجی B. subtilis تشخیص داده شد. فاکتورهای تاثیرگذار در میزان تولید پروتئاز همانند pH، دما، زمان و همچنین بازدارنده های تولید پروتئاز در مورد این جدایه بررسی گردید. نتایج آزمایش­­ها نشان داد که بیشترین میزان تولید پروتئاز در دمای 31 درجه سانتی گراد،  8=pH  و زمان 12 ساعت رخ می­دهد. بیشترین تاثیر بازدارندگی را EDTA روی پروتئاز تولیدی داشت که نشان­دهنده‌ی وجود میزان زیاد متالوپروتئاز می­باشد، البته بازدارنده‌های دیگر نیز به میزان کمتر تاثیر داشتند که نشان می­دهد پروتئاز تولیدی این باکتری از چند گروه پروتئاز مختلف تشکیل شده است.

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