Rereading the Changing Level of Social Interactions in Giving Meaning to "Home" in Iranian CinemaCase Study: Dariush Mehrjoui's Films in the 60s-80s
Subject Areas :
Parna Kazemian
1
(Department of Architecture ,Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.)
Keywords: Home, social interactions, neighborhood relations, spirit of place, Dariush Mehrjoui.,
Abstract :
In aspect of psychology, man is a social being and by building a house, he objectifies his existence. Therefore, in addition to its physical and climatic dimensions, the human house is influenced by cultural and social components. The purpose of this research is to review the impact of changing the level of social interactions in giving meaning to "home" and creating a sense of belonging to it in the films of Dariush Mehrjoui, a director and author of socialization that represents the lived life of the people of the society. For this purpose, three films "Ejare neshinha", "Mehman e Maman" and "Tehran Tehran" which have collective protagonists with different attitudes towards "home" have been analyzed by Roland Barthes semiotics. Therefore, the five concepts of hermeneutic, semantic, symbolic, action, referential codes in the above semiotics have been analyzed in selected sequences of the mentioned films based on the confirmation strategy of three research colleagues in the field of sociology. From the perspective of qualitative insight, it is not possible to know reality except by understanding it as a single and interconnected whole. Also, it will be possible to understand the hidden meanings in the messages only by going through the surface and penetrating the hidden meanings that are behind the components of the text. Therefore, in this research, at first, the whole narratives were analyzed from the point of view of the place of social interactions in the narrative, and the meaning-making components for "home" in the lives of the characters of the films were questioned and extracted (discovered and described). Then, the scene which is the result of the residents' collective activity is selected as the unit of analysis and in all three films, it has been analyzed inductively as a part of the whole. The results show that neighborhood relations are the most important factor in creating the spirit of a place in the studied films. Also, in the semiotic analysis of layers of meaning according to Roland Barthes method in the mentioned films, based on hermeneutic codes, the body and material (physical) characteristics of the living place are shown as an important and influential factor in shaping the social interactions of the residents. The implicit and symbolic meanings found in the films indicate that intimate neighborly relations are the most important factors in creating the spirit of a place, especially the sense of identity, vitality and psycho-social security in residents. According to action and referential codes, the traditional houses and the traditional structure of neighborhoods provide more capabilities for the emergence of human-emotional relationships among neighbors compared to modern urban structures due to their cultural-spatial structure. And in the linear course of Dariush Mehrjoui's films, as the society moves toward becoming more modern and producing housing instead of homes, which causes social relations between citizens to fade, the necessity to rethink contemporary architecture and urban planning in order to provide the possibility of constructive human interaction with the place of life and sustainable urban development (socio-cultural) is emphasized.