Effects of Nanocoatings Containing Copper on the Microbial and Physical Characteristics of Milk as Compared to Regular Polyethylene Packaging

Subject Areas : Microbiology

S. Ebrahimiasl ¹ (Assistant Professor of the Department of Nanotechnology, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran.)
A. Soltani Chapezad ² (M.Sc. Graduated of the Department of Polimer, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran)
A. Javadi ³ (دانشیار گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی، مرکز تحقیقات بیوتکنولوژی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران)

Received: 2018-06-19 Accepted : 2018-06-19 Published : 2018-06-22

Keywords: Copper Nanoparticles, Milk, Nanocomposite, Packing, Shelf Life,

Abstract :

Introduction: The application of using nanotechnology in food packaging is mixing nanoparticles with packaging material to prevent bacterial deterioration and loss of nutriants in order to improve the shelf life. The aim of this study is to extend the shelf life of milk by the application of the antibacterial polyethylene packaging that consists of copper nanoparticles. Materials and Methods: Nanocomposite film consisted of copper nanoparticles was prepared by using industrial extruder for milk packaging at 4ºC. Microbial stability, pH variation, thermal stability and nanoparticle release at zero, 7 to 45 days of storing and water vapour permability for the nanocomposite were analyzed in triplicate order. Results: Microbial analysis indicated that the growth rate in nanocomposite consisted of copper nanoparticles decreased significantly by 38 days of storage. pH variations and acid production due to milk deterioration indicated the quality during storage. Thermal analysis of milk after 38 days of packaging in nanocopper packaging confirmed the level of deterioration during storage. The amount of copper released in milk was within permitted level (2.1ppb). SEM and TEM images indicated the presence of copper nanoparticles in polymer base and its hemogeneous distribution in polymer matrix. The application of nanoparticle in milk caused an increase in shelf life. The results showed that by increasing the concentrations of copper nanoparticles, moisture absorption of the film is decreased. Conclusion: The results indicated that synthesized copper/polyethylen composite increased the shelf life of milk during storage.

References:

بی نام. ) 1386 (. بسته بندی مقررات کلی فیلم های -
پلاستیکی مورد استفاده در بسته بندی مواد غذایی -
ویژگی ها و روش های آزمون. استاندارد شماره 9543 .
بی نام. ) 1380 (. شیر و فرآورده های آن شیرخام- -
ویژگی ها و روش های آزمون ویژگی ها و روش های آزمون. -
استاندارد شماره 2406 .
بینش، م.، مرتضوی، ع.، آرمین، م. و مرادی، م.
( 1388 (. بررسی تاثیر استفاده از نانو کامپوزیت نقره و دی
اکسید تیتانیوم در بسته بندی مورد استفاده در نگهداری
خرمای مضافتی بر تغییرات میکروبی آن طی دوره ی
انبارداری. مجله علوم و صنایع غذایی. سال 2، شماره 1 ،
صفحات 8 - 1 .
حسینی، م. ) 1390 (. تولید بسته بندی آنتی باکتریال مواد
غذایی با استفاده از ترکیب نانوذرات نقره و اکسید روی.
پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد
اسلامی واحد قوچان.
محمدی، آ. ) 1391 (. اثرات بسته بندی فعال حاوی
نانوذرات ZnO و CuO بر برخی میکروارگانیسم های عامل
فساد و پاتوژن مواد غذایی. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد
صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی.
مرتضوی، ع. ) 1388 (. بررسی تاثیر بسته بندی های
نانوکامپوزیت بر کیفیت و ماندگاری زرشک در مقایسه با
بسته های معمولی. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد صنایع غذایی،
دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد.
ولی پور، پ.، سیدی، ل. و حامد، م. ) 1391 ( . تهیه و
بررسی خواص فیلم پلی پروپیلن ضدباکتری با استفاده از
نانوپوشش حاوی نانوذرات تیتانیم دی اکسید و روی اکسید.
مجله علمی ترویجی علوم و فناوری نساجی، سال دوم، -
شماره 2 ، صفحه 59 - 63 .
Adams, L. K., Lyon, D. Y. & Alvarez, P. J. (2006). Comparative ecotoxicity of nanoscale TiO2, SiO2, and ZnO water suspensions. Water Research, 40, 3527-3532.
Azizi Samir, M. A. S., Alloin, F. & Dufresne, A. (2005). Review of recent research into Cellulosic whiskers, their properties and their application in nanocomposite Field. Biomacromolecules, 6, 612–626.
 
Brody, A. L. (2007). Nanocomposite technology in food packaging. Food Technology, 61(10), 80–83
Carvalho, A. J. F., de Curvelo, A. A. S. & Agnelli, J. A. M. (2001). A first insight on composite of thermoplastic starch and kaolin. Carbohydrate Polymers, 45, 189–194.
Chaudhry, Q., Scotte, M., Blackburn, J., Ross, B., Boxall, A. & Castle, L. (2008). Applications and implications of nanotechnologies for the food sector. Food Additives and Contaminants, 25(3), 241–258.
Donaldson, K., Stone, V., Tran, C. L., Kreyling, W. & Borm, P. (2004). Deposition and effects of fine and ultrafine particles in the respiratory tract. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 61, 727–728.
Ebrahimiasl, S., Zakaria, A., Kassim, A. & Basri, S. N. (2015). Novel conductive polypyrrole/zinc oxide/chitosan bionanocomposite: synthesis, characterization, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 10, 217—227.
Echegoyen, Y. & Nerín, C. (2013). Nanoparticle release from nano-silver antimicrobial food containers. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 62, 16–22.
Fernández, A., Soriano, E., López-Carballo, G., Picouet, P., Lloret, E. & Gavara, R. (2009). Preservation of aseptic conditions in absorbent pads by using silver nanotechnology. Food Research International, 42, 1105-1112.
Huang, M., Yu, J., Ma, X. & Peng, J. (2005). High performance biodegradable thermoplastic starch- EMMT nanoplastics. Polymer. 46, 3157-3164.
Hankinson, D. & Dairy, J. J. (1975). Potential sources of copper contamination of farm milk supplies measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Jounal of Dairy Science, 58, 326.
Kim, J. S., Kuk, E., Yu, K., Kim, J. H., Park, S. J. & Lee, S. J. (2007). Antimicrobial effects of silver nanoparticles. Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, 3, 95–101.
Koutny, M., Lemaire, J. & Delort A. M. (2006). Biodegradation of polyethylene ilms with prooxidant additives. Chemosphere, 64, 1243–1252.
Lagaron, J. M., Cabedo, L., Cava, D., Feijoo, J. L., Gavara, R. & Gimenez, E. (2005). Improving packaged food quality and safety part 2: nanocomposites. Food Additives and Contaminants, 22(100), 994–998.
Li, N., Sioutas, C., Cho, A., Schmitz, D., Misra, C., Sempf, J., Wang, M., Oberley, T., Froines, J. & Nel, A. (2003). Ultrafine particulate pollutants induce oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. Environmental Health Perspective, 111, 455–460.
Longano, D., Ditaranto N., Cioffi, N., Niso, F., Sibillano, T., Ancona, A., Conte, A., Nobile, M., Sabbatini, L. & Torsi, L. (2012). Analytical characterization of laser-generated copper nanoparticles for antibacterial composite food packaging. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 403, 1179-1186.
Mohanty, A. K., Misra, M. & Hinrichsen, G. (2000). Biofibres, biodegradable polymer and composites: an overview. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 276, 277- 124.
Paralikar, S. A., Simonsen, J. & Lombardi, J. (2008). Polyvinyl alcohol / cellulose nanocrystal barrier membranes. Journal of Membrane Science, 320, 248-258.
Raccach M. M. & Mellatdoust, M. (2007). The effect of temprature on microbial growth in orange juice. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 31,129-142.
Sawai, J. (2003). Quantitative evaluation of antibacterial activities of metallic oxide powders (ZnO, MgO and CaO) by conductimetric assay. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 54, 177-182
Sawai, J. & Yoshikawa, T. (2004). Quantitative evaluation of antifungal activity of metallic oxide powders (MgO, CaO and ZnO) by an indirect conductimetric assay. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 96, 803–9.
Simon, P., Chaudhry, Q. & Bakos, D. J. (2008). Migration of nanosized layered double hydroxide platelets from polylactide nanocomposite films. Food Nutrition Research, 47, 105–113.
Sondi, I. & Salopek-Sondi, B. (2004). Silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent: a case study on E. coli as a model for Gram-negative bacteria. Journal of Colloid Interface Science, 275, 177-182
Walczak, A. P., Fokkink, R., Peters, R., Tromp, P., Herrera Rivera, Z. E., Rietjens, I. M. C. M., Hendriksen, P. J. M. & Bouwmeester, H. (2013). Behaviour of silver nanoparticles and silver ions in an in vitro human gastrointestinal digestion model. Nanotoxicology.

http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17435390.2012.726382.
Yoon, K., Hoon, B. & Park, J. (2007). Susceptibility constrants of e.coli and bacillus subtillis to silver and coper nanoparticles. Science of the Total Environment, 327(2-3), 572-575.

_||_