Survey of ochratoxin A in raisin produced in Hamadan province factories and relationship between contamination with defective seeds

Subject Areas : Food Science and Technology

علی  Heshmati ¹ (Assistant Professor, Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran)
علی اصغر  Vahidinia ² (Assistant Professor, Biochemistry and Nutrition Department, School of Medicine, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran)
مرضیه  Jafari ³ (Student of Ph.D in Toxicology Department, Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Ahvaz, Iran.)

Received: 2013-09-25 Accepted : 2013-12-21 Published : 2013-08-23

Keywords: mycotoxins, HPLC, Ochratoxin, Raisin, Hamadan,

Abstract :

   Ochratoxin A is one of the most common of raisin mycotoxins which is potential nephrotoxin in human and a teratogenic, mutagenic, carcinogenic and immunosuppressive toxin. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of ochratoxin in raisin produced in Hamadan factories and its relationship with product quality (percentage of defective seeds). Sixty six raisin samples from 22 raisin producing plants in Hamadan province gathered in 2011-2012. Ochratoxin A from samples was extracted, cleaned up by immunoaffinity column and quantified with HPLC. Defective seed contents (in percentage) were determined by dividing unripe, damaged, moldy and sugary seed weight to sample weight (100 g). Ochratoxin average value and defective seed percentage was 1.72 μg/kg and 3.49%, respectively. Twenty three sampled had no ochratoxin; in 38 samples, Ochratoxin level was less than the national standard level (5 μg/kg); 5 samples had ochratoxin level more than 5 μg/kg. In all samples, defective seed percentage was less than the maximum allowable amount (10%). The apparent quality of raisin, defective seed percentage, was not significantly correlated with the amount of ochratoxin (P< 0.05). 

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