Molecular characterization of quinolone resistance genes (qnr) in Salmonella typhimurium isolated from food samples
Subject Areas :
Food Science and Technology
K.
Amini
1
(Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran.)
T.
Ghaseminezhad Raeini
2
(Department of Microbiology, Sirjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sirjan, Iran)
B.
Kheirkhah
3
(Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran)
Received: 2016-10-12
Accepted : 2017-01-04
Published : 2017-12-22
Keywords:
Salmonella typhimurium,
Multiplex-PCR,
qnr genes.&lrm,
,
Abstract :
Salmonellosis is an important disease in animals and human which is caused by different serovars of Salmonella ‎enterica. Serovars Typhimurium is one of the most prevalent sorvars in humans. Quinolones and floroquinolones ‎are the family of extended-spectrum antibiotics which are used in salmonellosis treatment. Qnr genes are the ‎plasmid-mediated quinolones resistance which leads to resistance in Enterobacteiacea. The aim of this study is ‎identification of quinolone resistance genes qnr in Salmonella Typhimurium isolated from food samples. In this ‎study, 60 Salmonella samples isolated from food was collected and confirmed by culture and biochemical tests. ‎Serotyping was done by O and H antisera. Multiplex-PCR‏ ‏‎ was performed to identify qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes. ‎All of the 60 isolates were confirmed as Salmonella by culture and biochemical tests. The results of serotyping ‎showed all the 60 isolates were belonged to serogroup B and serovar Typhimurium. Multiplex-PCR test showed 5 ‎samples had the qnrB, 4 had the qnrS and 1 harboured qnrA gene. The results of this study shows the presence of ‎qnr genes in Salmonella Typhimurium isolated from food samples which has a specific public health importance. ‎Therefore, there should be sureveillance and montoring programs to prevent this quinolone resistance.‎
References:
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Braden, C.R. (2006). Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis and egg; a national apidemic in the united states. Food safety. 43: 512-17.
Cattoir, V., Weill, F.X., Poirel, L., Fabre, L., Soussy, C.J., Nordmann, P. (2007). Prevalence of qnr genes in Salmonella in France. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 59: 751–754.
Cattoir, V., Poirel, L., Rotimi, V., Soussy, C.J., Nordmann, P. (2007). Multiplex PCR for detection of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnr genes in ESBL producing enterobacterial isolates. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 60: 394e397.
Cortez, A.L.L., Carvalho, A.C.F.B., Ikunob, A.A., Burger, K.P., Vidal-Martins, A.M.C. (2006). Identification of Salmonella spp. Isolates from chicken abattoirs by multiplex-PCR. Research in veterinary science. 81: 340-344.
Egli, T., Koster, W., Meile, L. (2002). Pathogenic microbes in water and food: changes and challenges. FEMS Microbiology Review. 26(2):111–12.
Firoozeh, F., Shahcheraghi, F., ZahraeiSalehi, T., Karimi, V., Aslani, M.M. (2011). Antimicrobial resistance profile and presence of class I integrongs among Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from human clinical specimens in Tehran, Iran. Iranian journal of microbiology. 3(3): 112-17.
Ferrari, R., Galiana, A., Cremades, R., Rodriguez, J.C., Magnani, M., Tognim, M.C.B., et al. (2013). Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) and mutations in the topoisomerase genes of Salmonella enterica strains from Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 44(2): 657-662.
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Tacket, C.O., Narain, J.P., Sattin, R., Lofgren, J.P., Konigsberg, C.J.R., Rendtorff, R.C. (1984). A multistate outbreak of infections caused by Yersinia enterocolitica transmitted by pasteurized milk. JAMA. 251(4):483–86.
Veldman, K., Pelt, W.V., Mevius, D. (2008). First report of qnr genes in Salmonella in The Netherlands. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 61: 452–463.
Veldman, K.T., Mevius, Dik., Smith, H.E., Dierikx, C.M. (2014). Plasmid mediated quinolone resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. First edition. Utrecht University. The Netherlands, pp. 27-53.
Wang, Y., Yang, B., Wu, Y., Zhang, Z., Meng, X., Xi, M., et al. (2015). Molecular characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis on retail raw poultry in six provinces and two National cities in China. Food Microbiology. 46 : 74-80.
Yang, B., Zhao, H., Cui, S., Wang, Y., Xia, X., Xi, M. (2014). Prevalence and characterization of Salmonella enterica in dried milk-related infant foods in Shaanxi, China. Journal of dairy science. 97(11): 6754–6760.
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Ata, Z., Yibar, A., Arslan, E., Mustak, K., Gunaydin, E. (2014). Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Salmonella serotypes isolated from chicken carcasses in Turkey. Acta Veterinaria Brno. 83: 281–286.
Braden, C.R. (2006). Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis and egg; a national apidemic in the united states. Food safety. 43: 512-17.
Cattoir, V., Weill, F.X., Poirel, L., Fabre, L., Soussy, C.J., Nordmann, P. (2007). Prevalence of qnr genes in Salmonella in France. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 59: 751–754.
Cattoir, V., Poirel, L., Rotimi, V., Soussy, C.J., Nordmann, P. (2007). Multiplex PCR for detection of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnr genes in ESBL producing enterobacterial isolates. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 60: 394e397.
Cortez, A.L.L., Carvalho, A.C.F.B., Ikunob, A.A., Burger, K.P., Vidal-Martins, A.M.C. (2006). Identification of Salmonella spp. Isolates from chicken abattoirs by multiplex-PCR. Research in veterinary science. 81: 340-344.
Egli, T., Koster, W., Meile, L. (2002). Pathogenic microbes in water and food: changes and challenges. FEMS Microbiology Review. 26(2):111–12.
Firoozeh, F., Shahcheraghi, F., ZahraeiSalehi, T., Karimi, V., Aslani, M.M. (2011). Antimicrobial resistance profile and presence of class I integrongs among Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from human clinical specimens in Tehran, Iran. Iranian journal of microbiology. 3(3): 112-17.
Ferrari, R., Galiana, A., Cremades, R., Rodriguez, J.C., Magnani, M., Tognim, M.C.B., et al. (2013). Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) and mutations in the topoisomerase genes of Salmonella enterica strains from Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 44(2): 657-662.
González, F.A.M. (2013). Association of transferable quinolone resistance determinant qnrB19 with extended-spectrum 𝛽-Lactamases in Salmonella Give and Salmonella Heidelberg in Venezuela. International journal of microbiology. Article ID 628185: 1-7.
Gunell, M., Aulu, L., Jsalava, J., Lukinmaa-Åberg, S., Österblad, M., Ollgren, J., et al. (2014). Cefotaxime-resistant Salmonella enterica in travelers returning from Thailand to Finland. Emerging infectious diseases. 20(7): 1214-1217.
Hamidian, M., Tajbakhsh, M., Peighambari, S.M., Dabiri, H., Shokrzadeh, L., RezaDehbashi, M. (2009). Resistance to floroquinolones in Salmonella isolated from paitients with acute diarrhea referring to Tehran hospitals. Iranian Journal Infection Diseas. 14(44): 51-54.
Jiang, H.X., Song, L., Liu, J., Zhang, X.H., Ren, Y.N., Zhang, W.H., et al. (2014). Multiple transmissible genes encoding fluoroquinolone and third-generation cephalosporin resistance co-located innon-typhoidal Salmonella isolated from food-producinganimals in China. International journal of antimicrobial agent. 43: 242–247.
Jones-Dias, D., Manageiro, V., Francisco, A.P., Martins, A.P., Domingues, G., Louro, D., et al. (2013). Assessing the molecular basis of transferable quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. from food-producing animals and food products. Veterinary Microbiology. 167: 523–531.
Mozafari, A., ForouheshTehrani, H., Niakani, M. (2007). Nalidixic Acid Resistance Rate in Typhoidal and Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Isolated from Hospitalized Patients During One Year Period (2005-2006). Iran University Medical Science.14(56):43-51. [In Persian]
Moghbelli, M., Behnod, V., Ranjbar, R. (2014). A study to determine antibiotic resistance and recognition qnr genes in Shigella strains isolated from patients admitted to Mofid's Children Medical Center, Tehran. Journal of Microbial World. 7(1): 49-57. [In Persian]
Ranjbar, R., Giammanc, G.M., Farshad, S., Owlia, P., Aleo, A., Mammina, C. (2011). Serotypes, antibiotic resistance, and class 1 integrons in Salmonella isolates from pediatric cases of enteritis in Tehran, Iran. Foodborne pathogens and disease. 8: 547-553.
Skov, R., Matuschek, E., Sjolund-Karlsson, M., Ahman, J., Petersen, A., Stegger, M., et al. (2015). Development of a pefloxacin disk diffusion method for detection of fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica. Journal of clinical microbiology. 53(11):3411–3417.
Tacket, C.O., Narain, J.P., Sattin, R., Lofgren, J.P., Konigsberg, C.J.R., Rendtorff, R.C. (1984). A multistate outbreak of infections caused by Yersinia enterocolitica transmitted by pasteurized milk. JAMA. 251(4):483–86.
Veldman, K., Pelt, W.V., Mevius, D. (2008). First report of qnr genes in Salmonella in The Netherlands. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 61: 452–463.
Veldman, K.T., Mevius, Dik., Smith, H.E., Dierikx, C.M. (2014). Plasmid mediated quinolone resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. First edition. Utrecht University. The Netherlands, pp. 27-53.
Wang, Y., Yang, B., Wu, Y., Zhang, Z., Meng, X., Xi, M., et al. (2015). Molecular characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis on retail raw poultry in six provinces and two National cities in China. Food Microbiology. 46 : 74-80.
Yang, B., Zhao, H., Cui, S., Wang, Y., Xia, X., Xi, M. (2014). Prevalence and characterization of Salmonella enterica in dried milk-related infant foods in Shaanxi, China. Journal of dairy science. 97(11): 6754–6760.
