References:
                                        
                                                    
                                                    
Aarabi, S. M. (1997). Comparative Analysis Method in Management.
                                                    
                                                    Tehran: Cultural Research Bureau.
                                                    
                                                    Abelei, Kh. & Movaffaghi, H. (2003). Performance Management, Modirsaz
                                                    
                                                    Journal. Vol. 4, No. 1 & 2, PP: 117-128.
                                                    
                                                    Ahanchian, M. R. (2010). Re-Designing the Employees Appraisal System in
                                                    
                                                    Ferdausi University: A Methodological Review. Journal Higher Education. Vol.
                                                    
                                                    2, No. 3, PP: 15-46.
                                                    
                                                    Akbari, A. R. &, Seidi, S. M. (2008). Performance Management. (Retrieved,
                                                    
                                                    August 2011, from http: //www.articles.ir/articlegroup6.aspx).
                                                    
                                                    Akhavan-Sarraf, M. R. (2005). Performance Management and Human
                                                    
                                                    Resource Development Strategy. (Retrieved, July2011, from
                                                    
                                                    //www.articles.ir/articlegroup6.aspx).
                                                    
                                                    Alvani, S. M. (2007). Performance Management in Extra-Organization
                                                    
                                                    View. the Third National Conference on Performance Management. Tehran:
                                                    
                                                    Jahad daneshgahi 15 -16 may 2007(www.jobportal.ir/S1/Default).
                                                    
                                                    Andersen, B; Henriksen, B. & Aarseth, W. (2006). Holistic Performance
                                                    
                                                    Management: an Integrated Framework. Journal Productivity and Performance
                                                    
                                                    Manayement.Vol. 55, No 1. PP: 61-78.
                                                    
                                                    Armstrong, M. & Baron, A. (2004). Managing Performance: Performance
                                                    
                                                    Management in Action. London: Chartered Institute of Personnel and
                                                    
                                                    Development.
                                                    
                                                    Armstrong, M. (2006). Performance Management. Translated to Farsi by:
                                                    
                                                    Safari and Wahhabiean, Tehran: Jahad Daneshgahi publisher.
                                                    
                                                    Barati, A., Maleki, M. R., Golestani, M. & Imani, A. (2006). Evaluation of
                                                    
                                                    the Performance Management System of the Employees of Amiralmomenin
                                                    
                                                    (P.B.U.H) Hospital of Semnan Making Use of the Balanced Score Card. Journal
                                                    
                                                    of Health Administration, Vol. 9, No. 25, PP: 47-54.
                                                    
                                                    Bilgin, K. U. (2007). Performance Management for Public Personnel: MultiAnalysis
                                                    
                                                    Approach toward Personnel. Public Personnel Management, Vol. 36,
                                                    
                                                    No. 2, PP: 93-114.
                                                    
                                                    Bourdeaux, C. & Chikoto, G. (2008). Legislative Influences on Performance
                                                    
                                                    Management Reform. Public Administration Review, Vol. 68, No. 2, PP: 253-
                                                    
                                                    269. 
                                                    
                                                    Bourne, M; Mills, J; Wilcox, M; Neely, A. & Platts, K. (2000). Designing,
                                                    
                                                    Implementing and Updating Performance Measurement Systems. International
                                                    
                                                    Journal of Operations & Production Management,Vol. 20, No. 7, PP: 754-771.
                                                    
                                                    Christensen, T. Laegreid, P. & Stigen, I. M. (2006). Performance
                                                    
                                                    Managementand Public Sector Reform. The Norwegian hospital reform,
                                                    
                                                    International PublicManagement Journal, Vol. 9, No. 2, PP: 113-140.
                                                    
                                                    Dabiri, A. (2007). Performance Management and Its Effect on the
                                                    
                                                    Productivity of Human Resources. (Retrieved, July2011, from http:
                                                    
                                                    //www.articles.ir/articlegroup6.aspx).
                                                    
                                                    Dargahi, H. & Rezaian, M. (2007). Monitoring of Performance Management
                                                    
                                                    Using Quality Assurance Indicators and ISO Requirements. Journal of
                                                    
                                                    Medicine College, Tehran University Medical, Vol. 65, No. 1, PP: 86-92.
                                                    
                                                    Dariani, M. A. & Rafi-Zadeh, A. (2007). Surveying Performance
                                                    
                                                    Management at the Micro and Macro Level, Performance Management. The
                                                    
                                                    Third National Conference on Performance Management, Tehran: Jahad
                                                    
                                                    daneshgahi 15 -16 may 2007(www.jobportal.ir/S1/Default).
                                                    
                                                    Folan, P. & Browne, J. (2005). A Review of Performance Measurement:
                                                    
                                                    Towards Performance Management. Computers inIndustry, Vol. 56, PP: 663–
                                                    
                                                    680.
                                                    
                                                    Gharib, R. A. (2005). Methods and Techniques of Performance Management
                                                    
                                                    and Appraisal. Tehran: Jihad daneshgahi.
                                                    
                                                    Gunaratne, A. K., & J du Plessis, A. (2007). Performing Management
                                                    
                                                    System: Apowerful tool to achieve organizational goals. Journal of Global
                                                    
                                                    Business and Technology, Vol .3. No. 1, PP: 17-28.
                                                    
                                                    Hatry, H. P. (1999). Performance Measurement Getting Results. Urban
                                                    
                                                    Institute Press.
                                                    
                                                    Hoque, Z; Sharee, A. & Alexander, R. (2004). Policing the Police Service: A
                                                    
                                                    Casestudy of the rise of New Public Management within an Australian police
                                                    
                                                    service. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, Vol. 17. No. 1, PP: 59-
                                                    
                                                    84.
                                                    
                                                    Iranian State Management & Planning Organization. (2003). Performance
                                                    
                                                    Appraisal, Bureau of Management and Performance E Appraisal. Human
                                                    
                                                    Resources and Management Officer Department.
                                                    
                                                    Iran-Zadeh, S. & Barghi, A. (2009). Organization Performance Appraisal
                                                    
                                                    Models. (2nd. ed) Tabriz: Forozesh.
                                                    
                                                    Jonsson, P. & Lesshammar, M. (1999). Evaluation and Improvement of
                                                    
                                                    Manufacturing Performance Measurement Systems-the Role of OEE.
                                                    
                                                    International Journal of Operations & Production Management, Vol .19, No. 1,
                                                    
                                                    PP: 55- 78. 
                                                    
                                                    Kelly, K. O. Angela Ang, S. Y. Chong, W. L. & Hu, W. S. (2008).
                                                    
                                                    Teacherappraisal and Its Outcomes in Singapore Primary Schools. Journal of
                                                    
                                                    Educational Administration, Vol. 46, No. 1, PP: 39-54.
                                                    
                                                    Kloot, L. & Martin J. (2000). Strategic Performance Management: A
                                                    
                                                    balanced Approach to Performance Management Issuesin Local Government,
                                                    
                                                    Anagement Accounting Research. Vol.11, PP: 231–251.
                                                    
                                                    Kroll, M. (1997). An Integrative Concept for Technical, Personnel and
                                                    
                                                    Organizational Development for Professional Still Enhancement. Journal of
                                                    
                                                    European Industrial Training, Vol. 21, No. 2, PP: 70 83.
                                                    
                                                    Latham, Gary P. Almost, J. Mann, S. & Moore, C. (2005). New
                                                    
                                                    Developments in Performance Management, Organizational Dynamics. Vol. 34,
                                                    
                                                    No. 1, PP: 77–87.
                                                    
                                                    Laud, R. L. (1984). Performance Appraisal and Its Link to Strategic
                                                    
                                                    Management Development. Journal of Management Development, Vol .3, No.
                                                    
                                                    4, PP: 3-11.
                                                    
                                                    Levine, Hermine Z. (1997). Human Resources Compensation and Benefits
                                                    
                                                    Review. Vol. 29, No. 4.
                                                    
                                                    Li, p. (2001). Design of Performance Measurement Systems: a Stakeholder
                                                    
                                                    Analysis Framework, the Academy of Management Review. Mississippi State,
                                                    
                                                    April.
                                                    
                                                    Mirza-Sadeghi, A. R., Tankhah, S. & Rozita, F. (2002). Performance Based
                                                    
                                                    Management. Tehran: Ministry of Health and Medical Education.
                                                    
                                                    Mucha, M. (2009). Performance Management Framework U.S. Office of
                                                    
                                                    Personnel Management 1900 E Street NW.Washington, DC 20415 | (202) 606-
                                                    
                                                    1800 | TTY (202) 606-2532.
                                                    
                                                    Mwita, J. I. (2000). Performance Management Model: Asystems-based
                                                    
                                                    Approach to Public Service Quality. The International Journal of Public Sector
                                                    
                                                    Management,Vol. 13, No. 1, PP: 19-37.
                                                    
                                                    Oliya, M. S., Modaresi, S. N., Behjat, M. & Shahvaziyan, S. (2009).
                                                    
                                                    Introduction to Performance Assessment Systems. Tehran: Ns.
                                                    
                                                    Oveyssi, J. Sohrabi, Y. & Kamali, M. A. (2008). Performance Management
                                                    
                                                    Trihedral. Tadbir Magazine, No. 198, PP: 61-64.
                                                    
                                                    Rezaeian, A. (2002). Management of Organizational Behavior, fourth
                                                    
                                                    edition. Tehran: SAMT.
                                                    
                                                    Rosenbloom, D. H. (2000). Building a Legislative-Centered Public
                                                    
                                                    Administration. Congress and the Administrative State, 1946-1999. Tuscaloosa:
                                                    
                                                    University of Alabama Press.
                                                    
                                                    Ruel, H. J; Bondarouk, T. V. & Van, V. M. (2007). The Contribution of EHRM
                                                    
                                                    to HRM Effectiveness: Results from a quantitative study in a Dutch
                                                    
                                                    Ministry. Employee Relations, Vol. 29, No. 3, PP: 280-291. 
                                                    
                                                    Saboni, A. (2005). Providing the Model of Comprehensive Performance
                                                    
                                                    Management based on Organizational Excellence system. The second National
                                                    
                                                    Conference on Performance Management, Tehran:State Management and
                                                    
                                                    Planning Organization 18 -19 may 2005(www.civilica.com/article557.html)
                                                    
                                                    Safaeian, A. (2007). Introducing Comprehensive Performance Management
                                                    
                                                    & the Role of Information Technology. Bolton of Strategic system, Vol. 2,
                                                    
                                                    (Retrieved, September2007, from http: //www. old.Sanatekhodro/Template
                                                    
                                                    3/News.asp ).
                                                    
                                                    Scott, S. & Einstein, W. (2001). Strategic Performance Appraisal in Teambased
                                                    
                                                    Organizations: One Size does not fit al. The Academy of Management
                                                    
                                                    Executive, Vol. 15, No. 2, PP: 107-118.
                                                    
                                                    Sheikhzadeh, R. A. (2009). Conceptual Model of the Mission Oriented
                                                    
                                                    Organizations Performance. Management Journal of Human Resource
                                                    
                                                    Management Research, No. 2, PP: 57-84.
                                                    
                                                    Smith, A. D. & Rupp, W. T. (2004). Knowledge Workers Perceptions of
                                                    
                                                    Performance Ratings. Journal of Workplace Learning, Vol .16, No. 3, PP: 146-
                                                    
                                                    166.
                                                    
                                                    Sodmand, R. & Nasrzadeh- Groovy, M. (2007). Impact of Performance
                                                    
                                                    Management on Employee Empowerment. The Third National Conference on
                                                    
                                                    Performance Management, Tehran: Jihad daneshgahi 15 -16 may 2007
                                                    
                                                    (www.jobportal.ir/S1/Default).
                                                    
                                                    Soltani, E; Gennard, J; Van M. R. B. & Williams, T. (2004). HR
                                                    
                                                    Performance Evaluation in the Context of TQM: A review of the literature.
                                                    
                                                    International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, Vol .21, No. 4, PP:
                                                    
                                                    377-396.
                                                    
                                                    Soltani, I. (2004). The Steps of Implementation of Performance Management
                                                    
                                                    System. Tadbir Magazine, Vol. 15, No. 145, PP: 54-57.
                                                    
                                                    State Personnel Manual (2007). Performance Management, Section 10, page
                                                    
                                                    1, September.
                                                    
                                                    Thorpe, R. & Beasley, T. (2004). The Characteristics Of Performance
                                                    
                                                    Management Research: Implications and challenges. International Journal of
                                                    
                                                    Productivity and Performance Management, Vol. 53, No. 4, PP: 334-344.
                                                    
                                                    Torkzadeh, J. Sabbaghian, Z.; Yamnidouzi Sorkhabi, M. & Delavar, A.
                                                    
                                                    (2008). Evaluation of the Organizational Development Status of the Ministry of
                                                    
                                                    Science, Research and Technology. in Tehran Universities, Hagher Education,
                                                    
                                                    Vol.1, No. 2, PP: 31-50.
                                                    
                                                    Tsang, D. (2007). Leadership, National Culture and Performance
                                                    
                                                    Management in the Chinese Software Industry. International Journal of
                                                    
                                                    Productivity and Performance Management, Vol. 56, No. 4, PP: 270 – 284. 
                                                    
                                                     Verbeeten, Frank, H.M. (2008). Performance Management Practices in
                                                    
                                                    Public Sector Organizations: Impact on Performance. Accounting, Auditing &
                                                    
                                                    Accountability Journal, Vol. 21, No. 3, PP: 427 – 454.
                                                    
                                                    Vyas, R. (2006). Performance Management Systems in Banks: Practices and
                                                    
                                                    Effectiveness, ICFAI Business School, Mumbai.
                                                    
                                                    Waal, A. A. (2007). Successful Performance Management Apply the
                                                    
                                                    Strategic Performance Management Development Cycle. Measuring Business
                                                    
                                                    Excellence, Vol. 11, No. 2, PP: 4-9.
                                                    
                                                    Waezi, O. (2011). A Feasibility Study of Performance Management
                                                    
                                                    Application at the Fars Gas Company from Managers and Personnel Point of
                                                    
                                                    View. Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University.
                                                    
                                                    Waite. & Melissa, L. & Stites, D. S. (2000). Removing Performance
                                                    
                                                    Appraisal and Merit Pay in the Name of Quality: An Empirical Study of
                                                    
                                                    Employees Reactions. Journal of Quality Management, Vol. 5, PP: 187-206.
                                                    
                                                    Weal, A. A. & Coevert, V. (2007). Effect of Performance Management on
                                                    
                                                    the Organizational Results of a Bank, Int. Journal Prod Perform Manage, Vol
                                                    
                                                    .56, No. 5/6, PP: 397-416.
                                                    
                                                    yamanidouzi sorkhabi, M. & torkzadeh, J. (2009). The Situation of
                                                    
                                                    Development Planning in the Iranian state university. Iranian journal of higher
                                                    
                                                    education, Vol. 1, No.4, PP: 1-19