Examining gender discrimination in salary payments and its relationship with education
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Subject Areas : Bi-quarterly Journal of development economics and planning
Shahryar Hemmati farahani 1 * , Farzaneh Haju Hassani 2 , kambiz Shahryar Hemmati farahani * , Farzaneh Haju Hassani , kambiz Peykarjo 3
1 - Department of Economics, Faculty of Humanities, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Management and Economics, Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Economics, Faculty of Humanities, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Keywords: : Gender discrimination, wage payment, education, wage gap, public sector,
Abstract :
English Abstract:
Gender-based wage discrimination remains a persistent challenge in Iran’s labor market, especially within the public sector where equitable practices are expected. This study investigates the role of education in reducing the gender wage gap using data collected from 339 government employees in 2024. To analyze the causal relationships between key variables—gender, education, age, marital status, and work experience—a system of simultaneous equations is employed. The Weighted Least Squares (WLS) estimation method is used to ensure robustness and reduce potential bias. The results indicate that higher educational attainment has a statistically significant impact on narrowing the wage gap between men and women. However, the findings also reveal that gender discrimination still exists and may be influenced by deeper structural and social factors beyond education alone. The research highlights the need for educational and human resource policies that specifically address gender disparities. It recommends that targeted interventions—such as improved access to higher education for women and support for female career advancement—can play a critical role in promoting income equality and gender justice in the workplace.
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