A Study of the effects of Berberis integerrima fruit extract on osteogenesis in Balb/c mouse embryo

Subject Areas : Developmental biology of plants and animals , development and differentiation in microorganisms

Received: 2014-11-09 Accepted : 2015-01-27 Published : 2015-09-11

Keywords: Embryo, Mouse, Osteogenesis, Berberis extract,

Abstract :

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of berberry fruit extracts in the sensitive period of pregnancy on fetal growth and histomorfometric changes in bone tissue of mouse embryo.Twenty pregnant mice were equally divided into four groups. The control group no received any injection. Sham group received distilled water by intra peritoneal injection and two experimental groups received berberry extract in doses of 4 mg/kg (4 experimental group) and 40 mg/kg (40 experimental group) intra peritoneally on days 7, 8 and 9 of gestation. Female mice were killed on 19th gestational day and each fetus was removed and examined for external malformations. Crown-Rump length and placental diameters of each fetus was measured, fixed and processed. Sections take part at 5 micrometer and were stained with H&E technique. Histomorphometrical studies were done on bone tissue of embryos. No significant differences in indicators of embryotoxicity were found among control, sham and 4 mg/kg groups. Our results of 40 mg/kg group showed some malformation such as micromelia, spin bifida, subcutaneous hemorrhage, placenta and fetal atrophy. Mean crown-rump length of the fetuses and mean diameters of placenta in the 40 mg/kg group was significantly decreased compared to control group. Histomorphometric results of fetal tibia bone in 4 and 40 mg/kg groups revealed no significant differences in the mean percentage of volume of perichondrium, trabecula and connective vascular tissues compared to control group. Also no significant difference in mean total volume of bone in the sham, 4 and 40 mg/kg groups compared with control group. Administration of Barberry extract at dose of 4 mg/kg to pregnant mice has acted as a stimulus for bone growth of embryos and slightly positive effects on fetal development, but the administration of Barberry extract at dose of 40 mg/kg to pregnant mice could cause some fetal malformations and reduced fetal osteogenesis. It seems that the response of embryos is dependent on the dose of Berberis, although further investigations are needed.

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