Comparative study of the criminal policy of disseminating false information in virtual media

Subject Areas : Jurisprudence and Criminal Law Doctrines

seyyed nasrollah ebrahimi ¹ (Department of Law, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran.)
amirreza mahmoudi ² (Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch, Ghilan, Iran.)
Seyedeh mahshid Miri balajorshari ³ (Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch, Gilan, Iran.)

Received: 2022-04-08 Accepted : 2022-05-11 Published : 2022-05-22

Keywords: Criminalization of disseminating false information, criminal policy of disseminating false information, criminal regulation of social media,

Abstract :

With the increase in the use of virtual space, the popularity of social networks has also increased. Although virtual networks provide the opportunity to easily share news and information, they cause many problems, including the uncontrollable dissemination and sharing of unfounded and false information. , by countless users of those networks and sometimes, it is a disturbance in public order. One of the most concrete examples in this field is the dissemination of baseless and fake information during the global epidemic of Covid-19. In this difficult period, in social networks, baseless and false news were published about the lack of sufficient measures by competent and responsible institutions in the prevention and treatment of corona disease; Various fake pages and messages were created and uploaded; Fake images and unreal sounds were shared, and in this way, social networks became a common and effective tool to create public concern and panic. Paying little attention to the mentioned fact alone shows the necessity of establishing criminal laws in order to protect the health of social networks and prevent the contamination of information in virtual media; Therefore, this article, with the aim of explaining the common criminal policy in criminal law systems, regarding the dissemination of false information in social networks and virtual media, reports this result through a comparative study of the criminal laws of a number of countries. It shows that in recent years, many countries follow a single criminal policy by imposing criminal regulations against the publication of false information in social networks and virtual media.

References:

1. بشیر، حسن، ( 1399 )، تحلیل خبری ارتباطی بحران کرونا و جامعه مخاطره آمیز، فصلنامه رسانه، دوره 31، شماره 2، ص 5-13.


2. دهخدا، علی اکبر، ( 1377 )، لغت نامه، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، تهران.


3. فلسفی، غلامرضا، ( 1398 )، دیپ فیک، مجله رشد آموزش علوم اجتماعی، شماره 82، ص 55-60.


4. قاسمی، مصطفی، ( 1388 )، تعاملات چین و روسیه با آمریکا و تاثیر آن بر پرونده­ی هسته­ای ایران، مجله انسان پژوهی دینی، دوره 6، شماره 19، ص 89-114.


5. گلباغی ماسوله، سید علی جبار، ( 1396 )، نظریه­ی داعی بر داعی در بوته تحلیل و نقد، جستارهای فقهی و اصولی، سال سوم، شماره 7، ص57ـ79.


6. گلباغی ماسوله، سید علی جبار، ( 1398 )، چیستی شناسی ضمان از منظر فقه شیعه، مطالعات فقه و حقوق اسلامی، سال یازدهم، شماره 20، ص301ـ324.


7. گلباغی ماسوله، سید علی جبار، ( 1399 )، واکاوی تاریخی قالب شناسی ضمان، آموزه­های فقه مدنی، دوره­ی دوازدهم، شماره 22، ص127ـ149.


8. Agbedo, Chris Uchenna ve Ebere Celina Krisagbedo. (2014) “Lying Honestly for Government: Linguistic Manipulation as Disinformation Strategy in Nigeria.” Innovare Journal of Social Sciences 2, no. 4: 16-27.


9. Aydın, Ali Fikret. (2020), “Post-Truth Dönemde Sosyal Medyada Dezenformasyon: Covid-19 (Yeni Koronavirüs) Pandemi Süreci.” Asya Studies 4, no. 12: 76-90.


10. Çelik, Nuriye, (2021), Post Truth Çağında Gerçekleşen Sosyal İnşasına Sosyolojik Bir Bakım, Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 20, no. 79, 1540-1555.


11. Chudinov, A. P., Koshkarova, N. N., & Ruzhentseva, N. B. (2019). Linguistic Interpretation of Russian Political Agenda through Fake, Deepfake, Post-Truth. Journal of Siberian Federal University Humanities & Social Sciences, 12(10), 1840-1853.


12. Ethem, Yusuf Erhan. (2019), “Sosyal Medyada Dezenformasyon.” Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi.


13. Kent, Bülent. (2020), “Alman Hukukunda Sosyal Ağların Düzenlenmesi ve Alman Sosyal Ağ Kanunu.” Ankara Sosyal Bilimler Üniversitesi Bilişim Hukuku Dergisi 2, no. 1: 1-46.


14. Sağıroğlu, Şeref, Alkan, Mustafa, (2021), Siber Güvenlik ve Savunma, Havelsan, Ankara.


15. Taha Gedikli, Ahmet. (2020), Karşılaştırmalı Hukukte İnternet Ortamında ki Asılsız Bilgi Paylaşımlarının Önlenmesi, Bilişim Hukuku Dergisi, no. 1, 221-257.


16. Temir, Erkam, (2020), Deepfake: New Era in the Age of Disinformation & End of Reliable Journalism, Selcuk İletişim Dergisi, 13(2), 1009-1024.


17. Toprak, Necla. (2015), “İnternet Gazeteciliğinde Haber Etiği, Misinformasyon ve Dezenformasyon.” Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi.


18. Turhan, Meltem, (2020), Siber Güvenliğin Sağlanması ve Dünya Uygulamaları, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bilgi ve Teknoloji Kurumu.