Comparison of Yield and some Physiological Characteristics of Wheat Cultivars under Cut Irrigation Levels in Shahriar Region

Subject Areas : Journal of Crop Ecophysiology

Reza Afsharianzadeh ¹ , Eslam Majidi Heravan ² , Mohammad Nasri ³ , Hossein Heidari sharifAbad ⁴ , Ghorban NourMohammadi ⁵

1 - PhD student, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
3 - Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University Varamin- Pishva, Varamin, Tehran, Iran
4 - Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
5 - Professor, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.

Received: 2021-08-23 Accepted : 2022-04-14 Published : 2023-05-22

Keywords: Yield, Drought stress, Cultivars, Wheat, Biochemical characteristics,

Abstract :

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different levels of cut irrigation on yield and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cultivars wheat in the crop year 2017-18 in Shahriar region. This research was carried out as split plots design a randomized complete block with two cut irrigation and cultivars factors in 63 treatments and three replications. The main factor of irrigation treatment in three levels including: normal irrigation I0, cut irrigation in flowering stage I1 and cut irrigation in grain filling stage I2 and cultivars in 21 levels as a sub-factor including; Chamran, star, Sirvan, Sivand ,Arg, Parsi, Barat, Narin, Heidary, Ofogh, Rakhshan, Baharan, Sepahan, Aflak, Mihan, Zare, Gonhad, Orum, Saison, Gascogen and Mehregan. The results of analysis of variance showed that 1000-seed weight, grain yield, total yield, stomatal conductance, canopy temperature, leaf proline, cell membrane stability, grain gluten, SOD antioxidant enzyme and MDA degradation biomarker were affected by the main effects of irrigation levels and cultivarsand interactions were significant at the level of 5% and 1%. The highest grain yield (10857.2 kg.ha-1), total yield (44092.8 kg.ha-1) and stomatal conductance (236.08 molH2o. m2.s-1) were allocated to Normal irrigation and Rakhshan cultivar treatment. The lowest grain yield (1467.9 kg.ha-1), total yield (11496.7 kg.ha-1) and stomatal conductance (44.81 mmolH2o.m2.s) were obtained from cut irrigation at flowering stage and Ofogh cultivar treatment. However cut irrigation treatment at flowering stage and Ofogh cultivar obtained the highest canopy temperature (19.827 C), proline leaf (0.994 µg.gFw-1) and the lowest canopy temperature (13.126 C), leaf proline (0.416 µg.gFw-1) and cell membrane stability (171.14 µmos.cm) was observed from normal irrigation and Rakhshan cultivar treatment. The highest antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase SOD (19.06 U.mgprotein) and MDA (40.68 Ƞmol. gFw-1) were achieved from cut irrigation at flowering stage and Gasgogen cultivar treatment. The results showed that the tolerant cultivars were less affected by drought stress. And by less producing organic matter such as proline and degrading enzymes and biomarkers, they maintained their yield at an acceptable level.

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