Accounting and Corporate Governance Researches: 3 (3)

Open Access Article

1 - The Relationship between Comparability of Financial Statements and Asymmetric Behavior of Costs with Considering the Moderating Role of Institutional Investors’ Ownership
Shirin Shahbazi Shirin Shahbazi یونس بادآور نهندی

The asymmetric behavior of costs is one of the phenomena that originates from the conflict of interests between managers and owners. The ability to compare financial statements by determining the level of coordination between the accounting procedures of different compa More

The asymmetric behavior of costs is one of the phenomena that originates from the conflict of interests between managers and owners. The ability to compare financial statements by determining the level of coordination between the accounting procedures of different companies makes the information environment transparent and provides the possibility of correct evaluation of performance and optimal allocation of resources. Institutional owners, as one of the pillars of the corporate governance system, play an important role in monitoring management. Based on this, the current research examines the relationship between the comparability of financial statements and the asymmetric behavior of costs with considering the moderating role of institutional investors’ ownership. The statistical population of the research include the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange for the years since 2013 to 2020, and 139 Firms were selected as a statistical sample using the systematic elimination method. The research method is post-event and the data analysis method is multivariate linear regression. The results of the research showed that, there is a negative relationship between comparability of financial statements and asymmetric behavior of costs. Also, ownership of institutional investors exacerbates the negative relationship between comparability of financial statements and asymmetric behavior of costs. Therefore, the comparability of financial statements and the ownership of institutional investors play a complementary role in reducing the negative consequences of conflicts of interest between managers and owners and providing the goal of optimal use of resources. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - The effect of the CEO's bonus and excess cash reserves on the risk-taking of banks admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange.
mohamad mohamadi farid rezazade

The purpose of the research is to investigate the effect of the CEO's bonus and excess cash reserves on the risk-taking of banks admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange.Research methodology: The statistical population of this research is among the banks accepted in the Te More

The purpose of the research is to investigate the effect of the CEO's bonus and excess cash reserves on the risk-taking of banks admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange.Research methodology: The statistical population of this research is among the banks accepted in the Tehran Stock Exchange, during the period of 1390 to 1400. In order to check the validity of the research hypotheses, multivariate regression based on mixed data with fixed effects and EViews 11 software was usedResearch findings: The results of the research hypotheses showed that the CEO's bonus has a significant and positive effect on the banks risk-taking. Also, excess cash reserves have a significant and negative effect on banks' risk-taking.Discussion and conclusion: Granting stock options in the form of bonuses to the CEO creates more risk-taking behaviors in banks and makes it easier to use the tools and monetary policies available to the central bank. According to the researcher, the existing monetary policies for the central bank can provide an effective mechanism to curb the moral risks of risk-taking in banks, which will promote lending and eliminate asset price bubbles Also, the effects of excess reserves on banks' risk-taking are reversed by changing the central bank's monetary policy rates. Access to abundant liquidity is the main source of credit risk, and the impact of excess reserves on risk-taking is subject to changes in the Central Bank's monetary policy in Iran. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - A Comparative Study of the Role of Corporate Governance in Divestiture Companies and Non- Divestiture Companies on Based score matching Statistical Approach
Vahid Bekhradi Nasab Ali Khoshdel

Divestitures have the potential to create shareholder value by helping firms optimize their portfolio of assets. Even so, firms do not necessarily take up divestitures because of agency problems. In fact, large controlling shareholders may prefer to extract private bene More

Divestitures have the potential to create shareholder value by helping firms optimize their portfolio of assets. Even so, firms do not necessarily take up divestitures because of agency problems. In fact, large controlling shareholders may prefer to extract private benefits of control at the expense of minority shareholders. In addition, divestitures may expose the misappropriation of corporate resources. In this paper, we explore the role that other blockholders play in constraining the largest shareholder’s influence. The study statistical population is the companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Sample was determined by systematic elimination method and 183 observation (company-year) by systematic knockout method during the period of 2009 - 2022 to examine the hypothesis test. The research method is based on the Propensity score matching (PSM) statistical technique and the software used to implement this method is Oxmetrics 6 software, Stata12 software and Eviews8 software. The results indicate that divestiture activity decreases with the ownership of the largest shareholder, which imposes a cost to minority shareholders since the firm’s value is not maximized. The presence of another significant blockholder appears to curb this negative bias towards divestitures. This finding provides an economic rationale for the higher performance of firms characterized by more balanced ownership structures. Involvement of family owners also appears to provide similar benefits. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The Relationship Between Institutional Cross-Ownership and the Cost of Equity according to Product Market Competition
Mansour khojasteh ahvazi fatemeh Sarraf

As institutional investors can influence corporate decisions and product market strategies, institutional cross-ownership changes the way companies operate and make decisions. The relationship between Institutional Cross-Ownership and the cost of equity according to pro More

As institutional investors can influence corporate decisions and product market strategies, institutional cross-ownership changes the way companies operate and make decisions. The relationship between Institutional Cross-Ownership and the cost of equity according to product market competition. The statistical population of the study is all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange and using the systematic elimination sampling method, 152 companies were selected as the sample of the research in an 8-year period between 2013 and 2021. The method used to collect information is a library and the relevant data for measuring variables were collected from Codal website and companies' financial statements and then Eviews software was used to test the research hypotheses. The results of the research hypotheses test showed that the cost of equity for companies with Institutional Cross-Ownership is lower than other companies, and the negative effect of Institutional Cross-Ownership on the cost of equity is greater in markets with higher product competition. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Investigating the Impact of Social Criteria on the Financial Performance of Manufacturing Companies with Emphasis on New Financial Criteria
hooman jafarpoor Habibollah Nakhaei Ghodratollah Talebnia

In the current research, the impact of social criteria on the financial performance of manufacturing companies was investigated with emphasis on new financial criteria in accounting.According to the studies done, there are different classifications for corporate social More

In the current research, the impact of social criteria on the financial performance of manufacturing companies was investigated with emphasis on new financial criteria in accounting.According to the studies done, there are different classifications for corporate social responsibility disclosure, which in this research is used to measure social criteria from the indicators of legal measures; social responsibility committee, market pressure, product development/market share and responding to customers' needs were used as independent variables.Also, variables of economic added value, market added value, adjusted economic added value &Tobin's Q were investigated to measure the financial performance of companies as dependent variables. In terms of classification, the present research is of the applied type and the research method is of a quantitative type and in terms of data analysis, it is descriptive of the correlation type. The data needed to test the hypotheses were collected using the stock exchange website, accompanying notes and the activity report of the board of directors to the assembly of 108manufacturing companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange during the period from2013to2020and using The multivariate regression method was analyzed using the F Limer, Hausman, Brosch-Godfrey&Brosch-Pagan with the help of R software.The results of the hypothesis test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the indicators used in the social criteria and the new financial criteria.According to the results of the current research, company managers can be effective in improving the company's performance by considering social criteria and take steps towards improving performance and sustainable development. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - The effect of Corporate Governance System Factors on Business unit Research and Development Expenses with emphasis on Economic Sanctions Conditions
Mohammadreza Abbasi Astamal Akbar Abbaspour

The present study examines the impact of corporate governance system factors on research and development expenses of a business unit, emphasizing the conditions of economic sanctions. This research is practical in terms of its purpose, and from the point of view of corr More

The present study examines the impact of corporate governance system factors on research and development expenses of a business unit, emphasizing the conditions of economic sanctions. This research is practical in terms of its purpose, and from the point of view of correlation methodology, it is causal type (post-event). The statistical population of the research is the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange and using the systematic elimination sampling method, 130 companies were selected as the research sample in the 9-year period between 2013 and 2021. In this research, data banks, documents, records and audit reports of companies, financial statements and other documents and accompanying notes taken from the archives of Tehran Stock Exchange (Kedal website) have been used to collect information. The multivariate regression method was used as a statistical method and the relationship between the variables was investigated using Stata software version 16. The results of the research show that the factors of the corporate governance system have an effect on the research and development expenses of the business unit. Also, the conditions of economic sanctions have an effect on the relationship between the factors of the corporate governance system and the research and development expenses of the business unit. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Pathology of electronic financial reporting in terms of content.Dimensions and structure
Ali Lalbar Amir Ali Rahimi

In this research, an attempt has been made to address the pathology of electronic financial reporting in terms of content, dimensions and structure; This research is a qualitative and exploratory research. For this purpose, by conducting 35 interviews in 2021 using the More

In this research, an attempt has been made to address the pathology of electronic financial reporting in terms of content, dimensions and structure; This research is a qualitative and exploratory research. For this purpose, by conducting 35 interviews in 2021 using the Delphi method with experts in the field of theoretical foundations of electronic financial reporting and the field of capital market, saturation has been reached. The results of the research show that, according to experts, information security is the most important reason for not having the necessary capabilities of the current internet reporting model. Also, the indicator of creating suitable platforms for the development of Internet reporting in general and its subset means creating conditions for the convenience and availability of Internet financial information, with the most important indicator among the identified indicators, in order to address the criticisms and shortcomings of the current model and respond to the needs It is the users. Manuscript profile

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