Analysis of sage (Salvia nemorosa L.) essential oil components in Ahar and Urmia regions in vegetative growth and flowering stages by GC / MS method

Subject Areas : Biochemistry

Elham Ghafiyehsanj ¹ , Kamaladdin Dilmaghani ² , Nader Chaparzadeh ³ , Sara Saadatmand ⁴

1 - Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran;
2 - Department of Biology, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran
3 - Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
4 - Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2021-11-03 Accepted : 2022-02-18 Published : 2024-07-19

Keywords: GC-MS, Salvia nemorosa, Essential oil, caryophyllen oxide, oxygenated sequiterpenes,

Abstract :

Present experiment was conducted on essential oil constituents of (save) Salvia nemorosa L. plants at two different growth stages viz.- vegetative and flowering- at two regions of Ahar and Urmia. Aerial parts of Salvia were dried to extract of essential oils by hydro–distillation method. The essential oils constituents analyzed and identified based on GC/MS and GC analysis and calculating index Kovats retention. The percentage of essential oils in sages flowers in each two regions had the highest amount in compared with vegetative stages leaves. The highest percentage and number of essential oils compounds were seen in flowers and in vegetative stages leaves of Ahar and the lowest of essential oils percentage was seen in flowers and vegetative stags leaves of Urmia. Caryophyllen oxide was the main composition in the essential oils of flowers and vegetative stage leaves in plants of both regions. The percentage of caryophyllen oxide in essential oils of sage flowers of Urmia (26.41) was higher compared with essential oil of vegetative stage leaves (18.19) and by contrast the percentage of caryophyllen oxide was higher in vegetative stage leaves of Ahar region (28.37) in compare to flowers of this plants (12.79). In addition to caryophyllen oxide, there were compositions such as spathulenol, trans–beta-caryophyllen, para–cymene, 1–octen–3-ol and terpinen-4-ol with different percentages in the essential oil of sage flower of plants of both regions and there were trans-beta-caryophyllen, beta-ionone and camphor in the essential oil of vegetative stage leaves of plants of Ahar region. Oxygenated sesquiterpenes had the highest amount in sage flowers and vegetative stage leaves in both regions compared to other chemical groups of essential oils. Amount oxygenated sesquiterpenes in essential oil of flowers which was collected plants from Urmia region and essential oil of vegetative stage leaves of plants of Ahar region was 46/31% and 34/3%, respectivelys.