Effects, mechanisms and applications of agricultural biotechnology to improve salinity stress on wheat growth

Rahim Naseri ¹ ( 1. Department of Plant Production Technology, Dehloran Faculty of Agriculture and Engineering, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran. )

Submited date : 2022-02-19 Accepted date : 2022-05-06

Keywords: Yield, reactive oxygen species, mycorrhiza fungi, Photosynthesis, Plant growth promoting bacteria,

Abstract :

Wheat is the most cultivated cereal in the world and is a staple food for more than one-third of the world’s people, supplying about 20% of total protein and daily calories Salinity is a major threat to agriculture, currently, more than 20% of agricultural land is affected by salinity, which is expanding day by day and already affects almost 954 million hectares of the world’s total land area. Salinity stress has an adverse impact on photosynthesis by destroying chlorophyll pigments. In fact, under salinity stress, stomal closing results in a reduction in the photosynthetic rate of the plant. salinity stress induces a number of negative effects including physiological and biochemical changes which manifest as a reduction in plant biomass and wheat yield. Therefore, to better understand the behavior of wheat to salinity stress, basic measures and approaches should be considered to deal with and reduce the effect of stress. Various approaches such as the use of mycorrhizal fungi, plant growth-promoting bacteria, seed priming, molecular techniques and applications of agricultural biotechnology can be implemented to improve growth and yield under salinity stress. In this paper, the effects, mechanisms and applications of agricultural biotechnology were discussed to improve the growth and yield of wheat under salinity conditions.