Studying the effect of abscisic acid and jasmonic acid treatments on morphophysiological traits of Safflower cultivars under low irrigation treatments
Subject Areas : Tension
1 - Agronomy Department, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Keywords: Crop Growth Rate, Leaf Area Durability, Leaf Area Index, Oil Percentage, Oil Yield,
Abstract :
To investigate the effect of low irrigation treatment and foliar application of abscisic and jasmonic acids on morphophysiological traits of safflower genotypes (Carthamus tinctorius L.), an experiment was set out in a split factorial design in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Shahrud University Agricultural Research Station during the two years, i.e., 2020-2021. The main factor of the study involved three levels of irrigation: 100%, 75%, and 50% of the safflower plant's water requirement. Additionally, the sub-factors included different safflower genotypes—Sinai, Goldasht, and Faraman—and foliar treatments with three levels: a control group (0 concentration), a foliar application of jasmonic acid at a concentration of 0.5 mM, and a foliar application of abscisic acid at a concentration of 20 mM. The results indicated that the highest relative content of leaf water (92.1%), chlorophyll a (1.6 mg per gram of fresh leaf weight), chlorophyll b (0.956 mg per gram of fresh leaf weight), leaf area index (3.46), grain yield (2325 kg/ha), oil percentage (27.88%), and oil yield (648 kg/ha) were associated with the Sina genotype, which received 100% of the plant's water requirement. In contrast, the lowest values for these traits were associated with the Goldasht genotype, which received only 50% of the plant's water requirement. The results of this study indicated that the interaction effects of genotype with deficit irrigation and genotype with foliar application were significant only for chlorophyll a and oil yield. The foliar application of abscisic acid had a greater impact on chlorophyll a level compared to jasmonic acid. Specifically, in the treatment with abscisic acid, the amount of chlorophyll a was measured at 1.67, while in the treatment with jasmonic acid, it was 1.63. Foliar application of jasmonic and abscisic acids enhanced all traits compared to the non-foliar application treatment. The results of this study indicated that the differences between the genotypes, as well as the effects of foliar application of jasmonic and abscisic acids, were significant factors. These findings could be utilized to select appropriate genotypes and compounds that help mitigate the negative impacts of water stress, ultimately leading to improved economic performance.
Abaspor, H. and Rezaei, H. )2014(. Effeces of salicylic acid and jasmon acid on hill reaction and photosynthetic pigment( Dracocephalum moldavica L.) in different levels of drought stress.International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. 2,2850-2859.
Ahmadzadeh, S., Kadivar, M. and Saeidy ,G.H. (2019). Investigating oil properties and seed composition in a number of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) lines and varieties.Iranian food since and Technology Reasearch Journal. 5(2):136-150.
Arab, S.,Baradaran Firozabady ,M. and Asghary, H. (2017). The effect of foliar spraying of abscisic acid and sodium nitroprusside on photosynthetic pigments and some traits of spring safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L) under the stress of lack of irrigation.Plant Production. 38:14-105.
Asghari, B. and Gharibi asl, S. (2016). The oil and protein content of Isfahan’s safflower in different periods of irrigation, levels of humic acid and superabsorbent. International Journal of Life Science and Pharma Research 1: 56-63.
Ashrafi, E. and Razmjoo, K. H. (2010). Effect of irrigation regimes on oil content and interspecific variation and environmental control. New Phytologist. 193: 30-50.
Ashrafy ,A ., and Razmjo, J . (2009). Investigation of hydropriming on physiological and biochemical properties of safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) under drought stress.Journal of Crop Ecophysiology.1:35-43.
Barrsu, H. D. and Weatherley, P. E. (1962). A re-examination of the relative turgidity technique for estimating waterdeficits in leaves. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 15: 413-428.
Behdany ,y ., and Jamyalahmady , M. (2010). Reaction of spring safflower cultivars (Carthamus tinctorius L.) to different irrigation intervals in Birjand conditions.Iranian Journal of Field Crops Reasearch. 9(22) :265-272.
Beljany , R., and Shekary , F .(2012). The effect of pretreatment with salicylic acid on the relationships between growth and yield indicators in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L) under late season drought stress conditions.Journal of Agricultural Scince and Sudtainabel Production . 22(1) : 87-108.
Dolatabadian, A., Modares Sanavy, A. M. and Asilan, K. (2009). Effect of abscisic acid foliar application on yield, yield component and several morphological traits of grain corn under water deficit stress conditions. Notulae Scientia Biologicae 2: 45-50.
Fanaiy,H.and Piry , A.(2017). The effect of seed priming on safflower(Carthamus tinctorius L) seed and oil yield under low irrigation conditions.Iranian Journal of Seed and Research.2:59-90.
Ghassemi-Golezani, k. and Hosseinzadeh-Mahootchi, A. (2015). Improving physiological performance of safflower under salt stress by application of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid. Walia Journal 31: 104-109.
Helmy, A. M. (2014). Seed and oil productivity upon foliar spray of soybean (Glycine max L.) With humic and abscisic acids with or without seed irradiation. Egypt Journal Soil Science 54: 1-20.
Jamali, M. M. (2013). Investigate the effect of drought stress and different amount of chemical fertilizers on some physiological characteristics of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). International Journal of Farming and Allied Sciences. 2: 872-879.
Jensen, C. R., Morgensen, V. O., Mortensen, G. and Fieldsend, J. K. (1996). Lucosinolate G, oil and protein of field grown rape affected by soil drying and evaporative demands. Field Crop Research. 47: 693-705.
Joseph, B., Jini, D. and Sujatha, S. (2010). Insight into the role of exogenous salicylic acid on plants grown under salt environment. Asian Journal of Crop Science. 2: 226-235.
Kafy,M.and Rostamy ,M.(2007). Effect of drought on yield, yield components and oil percentage of safflower cultivars under saline water irrigation conditions.Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 5:121-131.
Khalily , M., Taghavy , M ., and Poraboghadareh , A.(2013). Evaluation of seed yield and some agronomic and morphological traits in spring safflower genotypes (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under irrigated and rainfed conditions.Journal of Crop Breeding.16:1-148.
Lisar, S., Hossain, M. and Rahman, M.(2012).Water stress in plants: cause, effectand responses. In: Rahman M.(Ed). Wter stress .(pp.1-14). In Tech Publication.
Mahabub Alam, M. D., Kamrun, N., Hasanuzzaman, M. and Masayuki, F. (2014). Exogenous jasmonic acid modulates the physiology, antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems in imparting drought stress tolerance in different Brassica species. Plant Biotechnology Reports. 8: 279-293.
Matrin, D.,Tholl., D and Bohlamnna, J.) 2002(. Mehhyl jasmonate induced traumatic resin ducts,terpenoid resin biosynthesis, and terpenoid accumulation in develoing xylem of Norway sprune stems.Plant Physiology.129: 1003-18.
Morady Tochy ,M., Seif Zadeh ,S., Zakerian , H.R .and ValadAbady , A.R.(2017) .Investigating the effect of methanol and abscisic acid foliar spraying on the growth and yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) under dry conditions. Crop Phisiology Journal.9:65-82.
Neocleous, D. and Vasilakakis, M. (2007). Effects of NaCl stress on red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.). Scientia Horticulturae. 112: 282-289.
Oliviera-Neto, C. F., Silva-Lobato, A. K., Goncalves-Vidigal, M. C., Costa, R. C. L., Santos.Filho, B. G., Alves, G. A. R., Silva-Maia, W. J. M., Cruz, F. J. R., Neres, H. K. B. and Santos Lopes, M. J. (2009). Carbon compounds and chlorophyll contents in sorghum submitted to water deficit during three growth stages. Science and Technology. 7: 588-593.
Osman, E. A. M., El-Galad, M. A., Khatab, K. A. and El-Sherif, M. A. B. ( 2014). Effect of compost rates and foliar application of abscisic acid on yield and nutritional status of sunflower plants irrigated with saline water. Global Journal of Scientific Researches. 2: 193-200.
Prochazka, S., Machaackova, I., Kreekule, J. and Sebanek, J. (1998). Plant physiology. Academia Praha.
Salimy , F., and Shekary , F .(2012) .Effect of methyl jasmonate and salinity stress on some morphological characteristics and flower performance in German chamomile (Matricaria chanaonilia L).Iranian Jornal of Plant Biology. 4:27-38.
Shigeoka, S., Ishikawa, T., Tami, M. and Miagawa, Y. (2012). Regulation and function of abscisic peroxidase isoenzymes. Journal Experiment Botany. 53: 1305-1319.
Silva, M. A., Jifon, J. L., Silva, J. A. G. and Sharma, V. (2007). Use of physiological parameters as fast tools to screen for drought tolerance in sugarcane. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology 19: 193-201.
Sinclair, T. R. and Ludlow, M. M. (1985). Who thought plant thermodynamics? The unfulfilled potential of plant water potential. Australia Journal Plant Physiology. 33: 312-317.
Thalooth, A. T., Tawfik, M. M. and Magda Mohamed, H. (2006). A comparative study on the effect of foliar application of zinc, potassium and magnesium on growth, yield and some chemical constituents of mungbean plant grown under water stress conditions. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2: 37-46.
Vatankhah , A.,Kalantary , B.and Andaliby , B. (2016).The effect of methyl jasmonate on some physiological and biochemical responses of peppermint plant (Mentha piperita L.) under salt stress.Journal of Plant Procsee and Function. 5:158-171.
Wu, H., WU, X. and Zhang, M. (2012). Physiologycal evaluation of drought stress tolerence and recovery in cauliflower seedling treated with methyl jasmonic and coronation Plant Growth Regul. 31:113-123.
Yari, P.,Keshtkar, A.M.and Sephry ,A.(2014).Investigating the effect of moisture stress on the growth and performance of spring safflower.Plant Production Technolog. 14:102-116.
Zafary , M.,Ebady , A., Jahanbakht , S., and Sedghy , M .(2012) .The effect of brassinosteroids on the tolerance of safflower cultivars to drought stress in Ardabil. Journal of Crop Production. 10:17-31.