Investigating the Effect of Cold Stress on the Physiological and Biochemical Traits of Leaves of Almond Cultivars

Mahrokh Rostami ¹ ( Ph.D. student in Physiology and Postharvest Physiology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran )
Aliakbar  Shokouhian ² ( Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran )
Asghar Estaji ³ ( Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran )
Ali Asgharii ⁴ ( The Professor of Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran )
Ali Imani ⁵ ( Associate Professor, Temperate Fruit Research Center, Horticultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran )
  ⁶ ( Associate Professor, Agricultural and Horticultural Research Department, Research and Training Center of the Province East Azerbaijan, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tabriz, Iran )

Submited date : 2024-02-13 Accepted date : 2024-11-26

Keywords: Almond, Antioxidant, Cold stress, Malondialdehyde, Peroxide,

Abstract :

The late frost spring is one of the most important limiting factors for almond production. However, different cultivars of almonds have various reactions to this process, the selection and introduction of cultivars that tolerate late frost spring is the most effective way to avoid cold damage. The present study aimed to investigate the importance of several physiological and biochemical characteristics related to cold adaptation mechanisms and their influence on tolerance to late-spring frost in almond cultivars. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (six cultivars of almonds and cold stress +4°C) with three replications, was carried out in the Biotechnology Laboratory at Mohaghegh Ardabili University in 2022. Cold stress (+4°C) was applied on current-year branches of early-flowering (Seffid (A1), Mamaei clone (A2)), mid-flowering (SH21, A1-16) and late-flowering (MS13, AD55) almond tree cultivars for three days. The investigated traits included ion leakage, proline, proteins and soluble sugars, photosynthetic pigments, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and some antioxidant enzymes. The results by the selection index of ideal genotype (SIIG) showed that late-flowering cultivars MS13 and mid-flowering A1-16 were the most tolerant; the mid-flowering cultivar SH21 was semi-tolerant, whereas late-flowering cultivars AD55 and early-flowering A1 and A2 were the most susceptible to cold stress.

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