The Stylistic study of the poems of Azhari Shirazi’s Resaleh- ye Kamal (Treatise of maturity)

Subject Areas : Persian language and literature texts

Fariba  Chini ¹ (PhD Student, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Kashan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashan, Iran.)
Fateme Sadat  Taheri ² (Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Kashan University, Kashan, Iran.)
Abdorreza  Modarreszade ³ (Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Kashan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashan, Iran.)

Received: 2021-05-18 Accepted : 2021-08-26 Published : 2022-03-21

Keywords: Azhari-e Shirazi, Literary and Intellectual Features, Resale- ye Kamal (Treatise of Maturity), linguistic, Stylistic Study,

Abstract :

The present article studies the style of poems of Budagh Azhari Shirazi (B. 991 A.H.), who is an unknown poet of the Safavid era. Azharis’ collection of poems, which he called the treatise of Kamal, has about eleven thousand verses; but it has not been published yet. Our knowledge of him is limited to what can be deduced from his poems. The author with a descriptive-analytical approach tries answer these questions: which of the poetic styles does Azhari followed in his poems and what are the characteristics of his poems in three levels of language, literature and thought? She tries to prove that the poet tends to Khorasani poetry in linguistic features, and the literary aspects of his poems reflect the poetic features of the Iraqi style. Azhari has paid special attention to Khaghani and Anvari poems. Praise and eulogy, virtual love and sometimes Voqugui and Vasukhti, description of the beloved, lampoon, satire, and Saghinameh are the main themes of Azhari’s poetry. The use of ancient words, the ancient form  words, Arabic words and phrases, composition, ancient grammatical rules, the use of compound simile, preferential simile, implicit simile and implicit metaphors, that more of them are personification, and  imagery, allusion, phantastic etiology, oxymoron, congerise and palilogy are some of the remarkable features of his style, thus the author that corrected the  Azhari’s collection of poems tries to  explain the stylistic features of his poet and help  to know his impression in Persian poetry for the first time.

References:

کتاب‌ها

آقابزرگ تهرانی، محمد محسن (1403ق.) الذریعه الی تصانیف الشیعه، جلد9، مشهد: آستان قدس رضوی.

اظهری شیرازی، بوداق (بی‌تا) دیوان اشعار، نسخۀ ‌خطی شمارۀ 377، کتابخانۀ مدرسه عالی شهید مطهری (سپهسالار).

تجلیل، جلیل (1384) عروض و قافیه، تهران: آوای نور.

دهخدا، علی‌اکبر (1363) امثال و حکم، تهران: امیرکبیر.

رجایی، محمد خلیل (1392) معالم البلاغه در علم معانی، بیان و بدیع، شیراز: دانشگاه شیراز.

شفیعی کدکنی، محمد رضا (1366) شاعر آینه‌ها، تهران: آگاه.

شفیعی کدکنی، محمد رضا (1370) موسیقی شعر، تهران: آگاه.

شفیعی کدکنی، محمد رضا (1371) ادبیات فارسی از عصر جامی تا روزگار ما، تهران: نی.

شفیعی کدکنی، محمد رضا (1375) صورخیال در شعر فارسی، تهران: آگاه.

شمیسا، سیروس(1383) آشنایی با عروض و قافیه، تهران: میترا.

شمیسا، سیروس (1372) کلیات سبک شناسی، تهران: فردوس.

شمیسا، سیروس (1368) نگاهی تازه به بدیع، تهران: فردوس.

غلامرضایی، محمد (1377) سبک شناسی شعر پارسی، تهران: جامی.

فشارکی، محمد (1379) نقد بدیع، تهران: سمت.

محجوب، محمد جعفر (1375) سبک خراسانی در شعر فارسی،تهران: فردوس.

محبتی، مهدی (1380) بدیع نو، تهران: سخن.

معین، محمد (1391) فرهنگ لغت، چاپ27، تهران: امیرکبیر.

میرزاسمیعا، محمدسمیع (1368) تذکره‌الملوک، به کوشش محمد دبیرسیاقی، تهران: امیرکبیر.

نصرآبادی، محمدطاهر (1378) تذکره، مقدمه و تصحیح محسن ناجی نصرآبادی، تهران: اساطیر.

همایی، جلال الدین (1370 و 1391) فنون بلاغت و صناعات ادبی، تهران: هما.

مقالات

خجسته، مژگان و کرمی، محمدحسین. (1399). تاروپود تازگی(شگردهای هنری صائب در خلق تعابیر تازه با تأکید بر صور خیال در جلد اول دیوان). فصلنامۀ علمی تفسیر و تحلیل متون زبان و ادبیات فارسی(دهخدا)، 12(46)، 209- 236. doi: 10.30495/dk.2020.679780.

یزدان‌پناه، فیروزه و نیّری، محمدیوسف. (1399). درنگی بر مهمترین خصیصه‌های سبکی غزلیات فیض کاشانی. فصلنامۀ علمی تفسیر و تحلیل متون زبان و ادبیات فارسی (دهخدا)، 12(45)، 13- 40. doi: 10.30495/dk.2020.678934

Books

Aghabzorg Tehrani, Mohammad Mohsen (1403 AH) Al-Dari'ah al-Tasanif al-Shi'ah, Volume 9, Mashhad: Astan Quds Razavi.

Azhari Shirazi, Budagh (No date) Poetry Divan, Calligraphy No. 377, Shahid Motahari High School Library (Sepahsalar).

Dehkhoda, Ali Akbar (1985) Proverbs and Rulings, Tehran: Amirkabir.

Fesharaki, Mohammad (2001) Critical novel, Tehran: Samat.

Gholamrezaei, Mohammad (1998) Stylistics of Persian poetry, Tehran: Jami.

Homayi, Jalaluddin (1991 and 2012) Rhetoric Techniques and Literary Crafts, Tehran: Homa.

Mahjoub, Mohammad Jafar (1997) Khorasani style in Persian poetry, Tehran: Ferdows.

Mirza Samaia, Mohammad Samii (1990) Tazkar al-Muluk, by Mohammad Dabirsiyaghi, Tehran: Amirkabir.

Moein, Mohammad (2012) Dictionary, 27th edition, Tehran: Amirkabir.

Mohabbaty, Mehdi (2001) Badie No, Tehran: Sokhan.

Nasrabadi, Mohammad Taher (2000) Note, introduction and correction by Mohsen Naji Nasrabadi, Tehran: Myths.

Rajaee, Mohammad Khalil (2013) Teachers of rhetoric in semantics, expression and innovation, Shiraz: Shiraz University.

Shafiee Kadkani, Mohammad Reza (1987) The Poet of the Mirrors, Tehran: Agah.

Shafiee Kadkani, Mohammad Reza (1991) Poetry Music, Tehran: Agah.

Shafiee Kadkani, Mohammad Reza (1992) Persian literature from the Jami era to our time, Tehran: Ney.

Shafiee Kadkani, Mohammad Reza (1997) Surkhial in Persian Poetry, Tehran: Agah.

Shamisa, Sirus (1989) A New Look at Badie, Tehran: Ferdows.

Shimisa, Sirus (1994) Generalities of Stylistics, Tehran: Ferdows.

Shimisa, Sirus (2004) Introduction to Prose and Rhyme, Tehran: Mitra.

Tajil, Jalil (2005) Prose and Rhyme, Tehran: Avaye Noor.

Articles

Khojasteh, Mojgan and Karami, Mohammad Hossein. (2021). Taropod Tazegi (Saeb's artistic tricks in creating new interpretations with emphasis on images in the first volume of the Divan). Scientific Quarterly of Interpretation and Analysis of Persian Language and Literature Texts (Dehkhoda), 12 (46), 209-236. Doi: 10.30495 / dk.2020.679780.

Yazdanpanah, Firoozeh and Nayeri, Mohammad Yusuf. (2021). Delay on the most important stylistic features of Feyz Kashani's lyric poems. Scientific Quarterly of Interpretation and Analysis of Persian Language and Literature Texts (Dehkhoda), 12 (45), 13-40. Doi: 10.30495 / dk.2020.678934.