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Open Access Article
1 - A review of the electronic and structural properties of titanium dioxide photocatalysts for the removal of environmental pollutants from wastewater
Abdulhamid Dehghani Azam Moazeni Bistgani Milad Ghezelsofloo Soheil Dehghani Siyahaki Hamidreza MoradiToday, the treatment of environmental pollutants (textile dyes and wastewater from pharmaceutical wastes) has become one of the most challenging issues, and several methods have been used to treat wastewater, including chemical, physical, and biological methods, each of MoreToday, the treatment of environmental pollutants (textile dyes and wastewater from pharmaceutical wastes) has become one of the most challenging issues, and several methods have been used to treat wastewater, including chemical, physical, and biological methods, each of these methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. In recent decades, titanium dioxide has created suitable conditions for environmental applications due to its unique chemical and physical properties. The basis of photocatalysis processes is based on the production of highly active species such as hydroxyl radicals, which quickly oxidize a wide range of organic pollutants. Titanium dioxide as a semiconductor is an efficient photocatalyst which has been used for oxidation of organic compounds, detoxification, regeneration of toxic metals, effective removal of heavy metals, destruction of bacteria and viruses. Since titanium dioxide and many other semiconductors have a large band gap, the use of photocatalytic water treatment using titanium dioxide is limited due to its relatively low efficiency. In order to improve the photocatalytic efficiency of titanium dioxide for water purification, as well as other photocatalytic applications, a lot of research has been done to extend the photocatalytic response of titanium dioxide to the visible range. In this article, titanium dioxide is systematically introduced and its electronic and structural properties are investigated. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Application of chitosan polymeric carriers as controlled drug delivery systems
Milad Ghezelsofloo Abdulhamid Dehghani Soheila GhasemiIn recent decades, natural polymers, especially polysaccharides, have been used as carrier to deliver a wide range of therapeutic agents. Chitosan, the second most abundant natural polysaccharide after cellulose, is a biocompatible, biodegradable, hydrophilic, non-toxic MoreIn recent decades, natural polymers, especially polysaccharides, have been used as carrier to deliver a wide range of therapeutic agents. Chitosan, the second most abundant natural polysaccharide after cellulose, is a biocompatible, biodegradable, hydrophilic, non-toxic, high bioavailability polymer with the ability to form films, gels, nanoparticles, microparticles, and granules. Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide obtained by deacetylation of chitin. Also, biodegradable chitosan in the human body is broken down into safe compounds (amino sugars) that are easily absorbed. Chitosan has hydroxyl and amine chemical functional groups that can be modified to achieve specific goals and turn it into a polymer with a wide range of potential applications. The aim of this paper is to provide insight into the potential applications of chitosan as a drug carrier. In the following, the use of chitosan to build deliverable sustainable delivery systems in other ways (oral, nasal, ocular, mucosal adhesion, buccal, and vaginal) is discussed. This report shows that research on chitosan-based systems containing different drugs for various therapeutic applications such as cancer treatment, gastrointestinal diseases, lung diseases, drug delivery to the brain and eye infections has increased in recent years. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A brief review on the chemistry of host types in host-guest interactions
Abdulhamid Dehghani Milad Ghezelsofloo Leila MoradiHost-guest nanochemistry is a branch of supramolecular chemistry in which a so-called host molecule binds to a guest molecule or ion. Host-guest interactions involve two molecules or substances that can form complexes through unique structural relationships and non-cova MoreHost-guest nanochemistry is a branch of supramolecular chemistry in which a so-called host molecule binds to a guest molecule or ion. Host-guest interactions involve two molecules or substances that can form complexes through unique structural relationships and non-covalent bonding. Also called molecular recognition, this type of interaction is widely found in biological recognition processes, such as enzyme-inhibitor and antigen-antibody interactions. Host-guest molecular recognition provides a powerful approach to construct a dynamic interface that allows the resulting assemblies to be structurally manipulated in size and shape. Thus, it opens a path to construct smart supramolecular systems with multilevel reactivity. Host-guest nanochemistry incorporates the idea of molecular recognition and interactions through non-covalent bonding. Noncovalent bonding is critical in maintaining the three-dimensional structure of large molecules such as proteins and is involved in many biological processes in which large molecules are specifically but transiently bound together. Host-guest interactions have attracted considerable attention since their discovery, as many biological processes require host-guest interactions and can be useful in some material designs. In this article, the host-guest molecules and some of their applications are briefly introduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Efficient synthesis of benzimidazoles in solvent-free conditions using chitosan-copper (II) complex extracted from Persian Gulf shrimp shell
Yousef Delshad Abdulhamid Dehghani Milad Ghezelsofloo Soheila GhasemiIn this research, cheap, eco-friendly and reusable catalysis has been synthesized with a suitable method. For this purpose, firstly, chitosan particles were prepared through the process of deacetylation from Persian Gulf shrimp shell waste, and then the copper-based com MoreIn this research, cheap, eco-friendly and reusable catalysis has been synthesized with a suitable method. For this purpose, firstly, chitosan particles were prepared through the process of deacetylation from Persian Gulf shrimp shell waste, and then the copper-based complex was successfully obtained on a bed of chitosan particles. The structure of chitosan-copper(II) complex was confirmed by using of various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectrometry analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy diffraction spectroscopy and visible-ultraviolet spectroscopy. Considering the wide application of benzimidazoles in industry and pharmaceuticals, the catalytic properties of the chitosan-copper(II) complex in the two-component reaction of the synthesis of various benzimidazole derivatives were studied under solvent-free conditions. The use of chitosan-copper(II) complex catalyst in the synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives showed several advantages, including significant efficiency, mild reaction conditions, short reaction time, easy separation of the catalyst and avoiding the production of toxic waste. Furthermore, the chitosan-copper(II) complex was easily recovered by filtration and could be reused for five cycles without loss of catalytic activity. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Synthesis of heterocyclic compounds based on ketene aminal: A systematic review
Azam Moazeni Bistgani Abdulhamid Dehghani Leila MoradiHeterocyclic compounds play a very important role in both life and drug discovery, and in particular, a large number of synthetic molecules based on these structures have been reported with great potential in medicinal chemistry. Small polycyclic heterocycles are often MoreHeterocyclic compounds play a very important role in both life and drug discovery, and in particular, a large number of synthetic molecules based on these structures have been reported with great potential in medicinal chemistry. Small polycyclic heterocycles are often found in pharmacophores and play an important role in drug discovery. Ketene aminals are multifunctional building blocks for the synthesis of all kinds of compounds. Bicyclic, tricyclic, and tetracyclic nitrogen-containing analogs with ketene aminal skeletons are widely available in natural and synthetic drugs. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the chemistry of ketene aminals. To understand and dominance the reaction properties of ketene aminals and the synthesis of other novel fused heterocycles, the investigation of ketene aminals is very important and necessary. This review covers relevant contributions with regard to the development and applications of ketene aminals, classified by reaction type and type of synthetic products. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - A brief overview of nanoreactors: types and applications
Abdulhamid Dehghani Milad Ghezelsofloo Leila MoradiA very challenging concern of researchers in the last century has always been the production of chemicals at the nanometer scale, and at the same time, chemists have tried to understand how basic chemical principles change when systems are confined to nanoscale spaces. MoreA very challenging concern of researchers in the last century has always been the production of chemicals at the nanometer scale, and at the same time, chemists have tried to understand how basic chemical principles change when systems are confined to nanoscale spaces. A long-pursued goal in nanoscience is to capture the essence of structures and functions of complex biological systems, as epitomised by cells, by creating artificial nanostructures in a rational manner. For this purpose, different strategies have been proposed and experimentally investigated. In the meantime, nanoreactors have been proposed as an emerging phenomenon and a new practical and scientific strategy for the production of nanomaterials. Nanoreactors change the basic chemical nature of molecules and moieties within them, and alter how they behave in chemical reactions. In fact, nanoreactors are very small chambers of nanometer size that protect the catalysts or the drug that is placed as a guest inside the nanoreactor structure from environmental influences, and they enclose reactants and catalysts in a small space for a long time, and as a result, they show great potential for improving chemical processes.The important point is that in addition to performing a wide range of chemical reactions, the space inside nanoreactors is a suitable environment for the production of various nanostructures. In this article, nanoreactors and some of their applications are briefly introduced. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - A brief overview on the application of cellulose as an efficient and effective catalyst in organic reactions
Abdulhamid Dehghani Milad Ghezelsofloo Yousef Delshad Soheil Dehghani SiyahakiThe production of renewable and valuable chemicals from renewable biomass sources such as cellulose has attracted global attention in order to create sustainable societies. Cellulose is the most abundant non-food biomass and is of great economic importance. Unlike tradi MoreThe production of renewable and valuable chemicals from renewable biomass sources such as cellulose has attracted global attention in order to create sustainable societies. Cellulose is the most abundant non-food biomass and is of great economic importance. Unlike traditional catalysts derived from petroleum sources, cellulose offers several advantages such as renewability, biodegradability and compatibility with the principles of green chemistry. The use of heterogeneous catalysis can allow researchers to develop environmentally safe processes. Cellulose-based catalysts have shown significant activity in a wide range of reactions including hydrogenation, oxidation and polymerization. Their versatility is due to their ability to support all kinds of metal nanoparticles that act as active catalysis sites. Stabilization of metal nanoparticles on cellulose brings several advantages, including improving stability, preventing the accumulation of nanoparticles, and increasing their dispersibility. Cellulose shows its potential to create a great revolution in green chemistry. Therefore, cellulose's versatility, sustainability, and tunable properties make it an essential catalyst for a greener future. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the use of cellulose as a catalyst in organic reactions by Iranian researchers. Manuscript profile
List of Articles Abdulhamid Dehghani
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