Comparative Literature Studies: 2 (46)

Open Access Article

1 - Akhavan & Adunis; Between Tradition and Modernity (Analysis & Criticism of Viewpoints by Philosophical & Psychological Approach)
Ghader Pariz Ghasem Azizi Morad

Tradition and modernity are two important issues in philosophy and psychology which play vital role in the structure of human character and his future. Consequently the literatures especially poetry would be affected by tradition and modernity. Since literature and art More

Tradition and modernity are two important issues in philosophy and psychology which play vital role in the structure of human character and his future. Consequently the literatures especially poetry would be affected by tradition and modernity. Since literature and art – generally – are known as the social factors of Arabic and Persian societies based on social relations principle. Contemporary poetry also has had different approach in impacting the western modernity. This article – analytical and descriptive study – surveys works of two historical intellectual poets of Iran and Arab contemporary societies: Akhavan & Adunis to express their viewpoints and ideas on the mentioned subject. Two poets nor prior modernity to tradition neither vice versa; but they know tradition in the modernity frame to express the cultural, social and political problems of the society and also believe the past as a bridge to future. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Comparative Study of Ridicules in Ahmed Mattar and Nasim –e Shomal's Poetries
Mohsen Khoddami Mohammad Jannatifar

In spite of short time life of comparative literature in Eastern countries, it could progress and develop remarkably. Today researching views tend more towards finding the similarities between the works of art in different regions of the world. In this regard valuable r More

In spite of short time life of comparative literature in Eastern countries, it could progress and develop remarkably. Today researching views tend more towards finding the similarities between the works of art in different regions of the world. In this regard valuable researches has been done comparatively. The present survey compares Nasim – e shomal - constitutional era poet - and Ahmed Mattar's – famous Iraqi poet – poetries. Since both poets criticize the adversity of their era by applying various method such as allusion, implicit, paradox ant etc. It is attempted to analyze the commonalities and their strategies to contend against autocracy and injustice are studied as well. Manuscript profile

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3 - A Comparison on symbolic Concept of Rain in Ahmad Shamlou and Shakir al Sayyab's Poetries
Sara Izadkhah Seyyed Hossein Seyyedi

Rain in in Ahmad Shamlou and Shakir al Sayyab's Poetries is a social symbol. It contains the concepts such as sadness and happiness, hope and hopelessness. Applying Dumuzid myth in the "Rain" poetry by Sayyab and the folk language in Shamloo's verse shows the common con More

Rain in in Ahmad Shamlou and Shakir al Sayyab's Poetries is a social symbol. It contains the concepts such as sadness and happiness, hope and hopelessness. Applying Dumuzid myth in the "Rain" poetry by Sayyab and the folk language in Shamloo's verse shows the common concepts in these two poets' poetries. This paper – which is done in librarian method – tries to study "Rain" and "giant petrel" by Shamloo and "Rain song" by Sayyab to makes the availability to similar effective patterns of two poets in their poetries. The theoretical level of the research includes cause variable and the operational level shows the effect variable; by studying the poetries the frequency of the term "rain" is extracted. Finally the symbolic concepts, similarities and differences are expressed. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - The Tragedy of Rostam and Sohrab in Comparison with Aristotle Tragedy
Maryam Majidi

Dramatic literature beside the narrative literature and Epic literature are known as the main branches of literature which have been divided into two genres: comedy and tragedy. The tragedy of Rostam and Sohrab as symbol of epic Iranian stories owns Aristotelian theatri More

Dramatic literature beside the narrative literature and Epic literature are known as the main branches of literature which have been divided into two genres: comedy and tragedy. The tragedy of Rostam and Sohrab as symbol of epic Iranian stories owns Aristotelian theatric criterion. The mentioned tragedy is based on a theme which shows the will to find the father in a dramatic struggle. The present paper citing the Aristotelian theatric principles derived from Poetics studies and surveys dramatic factors in the tragedy of Rostam and Sohrab in order to clarify Aristotle’s viewpoint on dramatic literature. Thus the reader – of the paper – may obtain comprehensive understanding of this tragedy. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - Comparative Study of Woman’s Characterization in “Missing Soluch” and “The Beginning and The End”
Zahra Sadeqi Nastaran Gandomi

Two works “Missing Soluch” by Mahmoud Dowlatabadi and “The Beginning and The End” by Naguib Mahfouz are the novels in which the character of the woman can be seen remarkably. Thus the authors of the present article analyze the method of character More

Two works “Missing Soluch” by Mahmoud Dowlatabadi and “The Beginning and The End” by Naguib Mahfouz are the novels in which the character of the woman can be seen remarkably. Thus the authors of the present article analyze the method of characterization of woman in two novels. The results show that the alternative characters of woman in two novels are more explained by their own explanations and the authors enjoyed the techniques such as discourse and stream of consciousness to introduce the main characters; discourse is of more frequency among other techniques. Mahmoud Dowlatabadi and Naguib Mahfouz applied discourse technique more to show the theme better. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - Comparative Study of Myth in Salah Abdel Sabour and Nimā Yushij's Poetries
Maryam Ghanbari Kermanshahi Sadeq Ebrahimi Kaveri

The comparative study of two nations which are different in language, culture and social matters would resulted in finding and discovering those nations' commonalities and differences; this makes us understand that how two poets are similar in thinking and content in sp More

The comparative study of two nations which are different in language, culture and social matters would resulted in finding and discovering those nations' commonalities and differences; this makes us understand that how two poets are similar in thinking and content in spite of their different languages, cultures and societies. Consequently studying myth and applying symbols in two mentioned Arabic and Persian poets - Salah Abdel Sabour and Nimā Yushij – is  studied to prove that how these two poets applied symbol and myth in their works in spite of political autocratically system and could make a remarkable evolution in their countries' contemporary poetry. Manuscript profile

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7 - Comparative Study of the Movie "Mum's Guest" Based on Gérard Genette's Theory
Ehsan Avani

The story contains two main factors can be seen in all stories: the narration and the narrator and consider as the nature of each story. Gérard Genette – affected by Russian formalists – knows the story as a real form; thus he could offer an analysis More

The story contains two main factors can be seen in all stories: the narration and the narrator and consider as the nature of each story. Gérard Genette – affected by Russian formalists – knows the story as a real form; thus he could offer an analysis for all chronicle events and narrations and found the story format and theme by applying time and changes in story lines. He introduces the theory of time in narration based on three factors: regulation, continuity and frequency; he also considers the narrative science based on the story relations and the context especially time and aspect which are combination of narrative structure and transtextuality theory – it generally is the relationship of one text in another. The credit of the movie also is emphasized in the research as one of the 5 transtextuality samples. The article studies the narration techniques from Gérard Genette' viewpoint in one hand and the movie "Mum's Guest" on the other hand as the most important applied techniques. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - The Analysis and Comparison of Factors of Joseph and Zuleika by Nur Mohammad Andalib and Jami
Khojeh Seyyed Seyyed Mohammadi Mohammad Fazeli Reza Ashrafzadeh

The purpose of comparative literature is to explain the tracks and timelines of different nations' literary relations and links which should be competent for understanding and friendship of other nations by familiarizing the heritage of common thoughts. The present pape More

The purpose of comparative literature is to explain the tracks and timelines of different nations' literary relations and links which should be competent for understanding and friendship of other nations by familiarizing the heritage of common thoughts. The present paper studies, surveys and analyzes the components of the novel such as theme, character, landscape and etc. as well as the method of processing of two speakers with different languages and cultures by the aid of analytical – comparative approach and in librarian method. Joseph and Zuleika by Andalib – poet, author and translator of twelfth century – has been compared to the one by Jami – ninth century – to find the similar and opposite aspects of Turkman and Persian stories. The general results of the study are as below: Jami spreads his story by alive and obvious explanations while Andalib brings more proofs of events and incidents. Both narrators are omniscient. The frequency of metaphysical factors are more in Andalib's theme but Jami enjoys more logical and believable patterns. Manuscript profile

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9 - The Impact of Omar Khayyam's Thoughts and Poetry on Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati's Poetry
Fatemeh Jamshidi Elnaz Eskandari Shahnaz Amini

The impact and effect are the phenomena among the poets since many years ago and have been reflected in their works. Omar Khayyam Neyshabouri – fifth and sixth century's poet and philosopher – can be definitely known as the most effective poets on east and w More

The impact and effect are the phenomena among the poets since many years ago and have been reflected in their works. Omar Khayyam Neyshabouri – fifth and sixth century's poet and philosopher – can be definitely known as the most effective poets on east and west scholars whose works are the mirror of his philosophical ideas. Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati – Iraqi contemporary poet – who was familiar with Iranian literature and specially Omar Khayyam has borrowed many speech acts. Thus the present research – which is qualitative – is done in descriptive – analytical method in order to familiarize the fields of effects of Bayati from Khayyam based on the French school in comparative literature. Manuscript profile

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10 - Suggestibility Comparison of Mehdi Akhavān-Sāles and Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati from The Myth of Sisyphus
Fatemeh Daliri Houshang Zandi Mahmoud Shakib

One of the most important suggestible sources for contemporary Arabic and Persian poets is the myth of Sisyphus. In the fables of ancient Greece it is said that Sisyphus was sentenced because of disobedience and objection of gods and his punishment was to roll up a heav More

One of the most important suggestible sources for contemporary Arabic and Persian poets is the myth of Sisyphus. In the fables of ancient Greece it is said that Sisyphus was sentenced because of disobedience and objection of gods and his punishment was to roll up a heavy stone to top a high mountain and then by an inauspicious fate the stone falls down and takes him down. The different readings of scholars and literary men caused various suggestibility from philosophical, social, political and cultural viewpoints. The present research analyzes and studies the contemporary poets' political reading such as Mehdi Akhavān-Sāles –famous Iranian poet – and Abd al-Wahhab al-Bayati – well known Iraqi poet and tries to find answers for the following questions: why do Akhavān and Bayati read the myth politically? What other factors do they accompany to express their aim? Are these two poets affect each other in political reading of the myth? Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Comparative Analysis of Human Origin from Molana and Jean-Paul Sartre's View Point
Masoumeh Sadeqi

Human origin or existence is a philosophical issue which has always been philosophers and scholars' concern in east and west. Western existentialist specially Sartre emphasized psychic nature of human and priors existence to nature; while the human's existence in Islami More

Human origin or existence is a philosophical issue which has always been philosophers and scholars' concern in east and west. Western existentialist specially Sartre emphasized psychic nature of human and priors existence to nature; while the human's existence in Islamic mysticism – specially from Molana's view point – is of two aspects: worldly and unworldly in a way that his nature priors his existence. The findings – which obtained in documental and descriptive method – try to explain the human's nature by from Molana and Jean-Paul Sartre. Sartre believes that human nature would end by death while Molana knows two natures for human: spiritual and mortal which he can reach the immortality by passing the world. Manuscript profile

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12 - Comparative Study of Madden policy in Saadi's Golestan and Arabic Kalila and Dimna
Javad Kaboutari

The authors of "Golestan" and "Kalila and Dimna" both emphasized of madden policy and governing traditions in some way. There is a strong conjunction between considering ethics principles and morality in madden policy and governing traditions such as justice, More

The authors of "Golestan" and "Kalila and Dimna" both emphasized of madden policy and governing traditions in some way. There is a strong conjunction between considering ethics principles and morality in madden policy and governing traditions such as justice, secrecy, social security, advisory and consultation, belief in destiny and fate and etc. with the kings and governors. This is completely obvious in Iran's historical sources. Saadi specifies one chapter to kings and governors in Golestan and other chapters contain hints in this regard. In Arabic Kalila and Dimna the subject is said by animals in symbolic way. Both authors attempt to find a solution to solve people's problems. Studying two works shows that not only the governors come to madden policy and play the governors' advisors role but also some literary men do the same. Manuscript profile

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13 - Comparative Study of Color Application in Qabbani and Sepehri's Poetries
Abdolrazzaq Rahmani احمدنور وحیدی

Colors play important roles in human's lives. That's why they are studied in various sciences such as physics, chemistry, psychology, arts and poetries. The artists and poets pay special attention to the aesthetical aspect of colors. The poets can depict different conce More

Colors play important roles in human's lives. That's why they are studied in various sciences such as physics, chemistry, psychology, arts and poetries. The artists and poets pay special attention to the aesthetical aspect of colors. The poets can depict different concepts such as sadness and sorrow, happiness, hopelessness and desperateness, ideal world, .… by color for their addressees. On the other hand the social, moral and psychological characters could somehow be recognized by studying colors and the different methods of expressing them. Both poets sometimes call the colors with their original names and sometimes by applying similar and close concepts. The present paper studies two contemporary poets –Sohrab Sepehri and Nizar Qabbani's – poetries in librarian method about their affection of colors. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - A Study on Social Motif in Sudanic Tayeb Salih Novels
Ali Ahmadian Keisomi Nahid Gandomi Kal Hossein abaviani

Although most characters in Tayeb Salih – Sudanic author – are from the traditional, Arabic and African Sudan; the colony country of England with unpleasant experiences of post-colonial era – his attitude is philanthropy and free of political, social, More

Although most characters in Tayeb Salih – Sudanic author – are from the traditional, Arabic and African Sudan; the colony country of England with unpleasant experiences of post-colonial era – his attitude is philanthropy and free of political, social, color, racism, sex and religious orientation. Iranian poets and authors' affect by social and political conditions is confirmed and inevitable by most of the scholars and literary men. Mirza Mohammad Farrokhi Yazdi is also affected by social and political conditions. The aim of the present article is to introduce Tayeb Salih and his novels to the Iranian academic society and express his view point on social phenomena in his novels. The applied method is librarian or documented and the data has been collected by note taking. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

  In fact since the popular culture and unwritten literature are known as part of a social capital of any society which their application in different programs would strengthen the social capital as well as tie – ups. The present research studies the popular More

  In fact since the popular culture and unwritten literature are known as part of a social capital of any society which their application in different programs would strengthen the social capital as well as tie – ups. The present research studies the popular culture language in Iran and Iraq briefly. The mentioned literature may be a suitable channel to relate the audience and can attract today's target addressees who are the satellite and computers generations. Thus studying and revising the popular literature from sociology's view point is a need. This study has been done based on a Statistical population of 384 (quantitative) and academic population (qualitative) in Iran and Iraq and data collection method. The results show that the language of popular culture would affect the Media. The relationship between media and popular culture in Iran and Iraq is the same as other societies in the world which is one of the most important cultural, political, social and economic issues.     Manuscript profile

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