Effects of Eight Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on the Expression of GPR120 and AMPK Proteins in the Heart Tissue of Diabetic Male Rats
Subject Areas :
Journal of Animal Biology
Ebrahim Hoseini Houri pasand
1
,
Saeid Dabbagh Nikoo Kheslat
2
,
Javad Vakili
3
1 - Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2 - Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3 - Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
Received: 2021-11-01
Accepted : 2022-11-02
Published : 2023-05-22
Keywords:
Atherosclerosis,
Type 2 diabetes,
High Intensity Interval Training,
Reverse Cholesterol Transfer,
Abstract :
The reverse cholesterol transfer process has a positive role in reducing atherosclerotic plaques during diabetes. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training on GPR120 and AMPK proteins in the cardiac tissue of mice with type 2 diabetes. In an experimental study, 40 three-month-old adult male Wistar rats with an average weight (250-300 g) were randomly divided into four groups of 10 series including: healthy control (C: intraperitoneal injection of saline), healthy training (T: running at 85-90 % of maximum speed in 6 to 12 bouts in two-minute periods; 5 days per week for eight weeks), diabetic control (D: diabetic on a high-fat diet with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin) and trained diabetics (D+T: diabetic with training) were divided. A method based on Western blotting was used to determine changes in the expression profile of GPR120 and AMPK proteins in the heart muscle tissue (left ventricle) of rats. The two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze the data. Induction of diabetes (D) significantly reduced GPR120 and AMPK proteins (p ≤ 0.05). While HIIT training apply in healthy group (T) increased 81% and 47% in GPR120 and AMPK compared to diabetic control group (D) respectively (p = 0.001). Also, training intervention has the ability to prevent a decrease in both of proteins in the trained diabetic group (D+T) compared to the diabetic group (D) (p = 0.023). Based on the findings of this study, it can be stated that eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a preventive strategy against reducing the activity of GPR120 and AMPK proteins involved in the reverse cholesterol transmission during type 2 diabetes.
References:
Amini M., Abdi A., Abbassi-Daloii 2020. Effects of moderate-intensity exercise with Momordica charantia L. consumption on serum reverse cholesterol transport elements and lipid profile in men with type 2 diabetes. Feyz, 24(4):374-386. [In Persian]
An T., Zhang X., Li H., Dou L., Huang X., Man Y., Zhang X., Shen T., Li, G., Li J., Tang W., 2020. GPR120 facilitates cholesterol efflux in macrophages through activation of AMPK signaling pathway. The FEBS Journal, 287(23):5080-5095.
Moller A.B., Kampmann U., Hedegaard J., Thorsen K., Nordentoft I., Vendelbo M.H., Moller N., Jessen N. 2017. Altered gene expression and repressed markers of autophagy in skeletal muscle of insulin resistant patients with type 2 diabetes. Scientific Reports, 7(1): 1-11.
Asgari Hazaveh D., Babaei S. 2018. Effect of Eight Weeks High Intensity Interval Training and Medium Intensity Interval Training and Aloe vera Intake on Serum Vaspin and Insulin Resistance in Diabetic Male Rats. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences, 20(11):67-75. [In Persian]
Bakhtiyari A, Gaeni, A., Choobineh S., Kordi M., Hedayati M. 2019. The Comparison of the Influence of 12-Week High Intensity Interval Training and Continuous Moderate Intensity Training on PGC-1α and Tfam Mitochondrial Proteins Expressions in Gastrocnemius Muscle of Elderly Rats. Journal of Animal Biology, 11(4):11-20. [In Persian]
Chen X., Zou D., Chen X., Wu H., Xu D. 2021. Hesperetin inhibits foam cell formation and promotes cholesterol efflux in THP-1-derived macrophages by activating LXRα signal in an AMPK-dependent manner. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 77(3):405-417.
Chen Z.P., Stephens T.J., Murthy S., Canny B.J., Hargreaves M., Witters L.A., Kemp, B.E., McConell, G.K. 2003. Effect of exercise intensity on skeletal muscle AMPK signaling in humans. Diabetes, 52(9):2205-2212.
Esmailee B., Abdi A., Abbassi Daloii A., Farzanegi P. 2020. The effect of aerobic exercise along with resveratrol supplementation on AMPK and MAFbx gene expression of myocardial diabetic rats. Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences, 27(2):150-160. [In Persian]
Fan J., Yang X., Li, J., Shu Z., Dai J., Liu X., Li B., Jia S., Kou X., Yang, Y., Chen N. 2017. Spermidine coupled with exercise rescues skeletal muscle atrophy from D-gal-induced aging rats through enhanced autophagy and reduced apoptosis via AMPK-FOXO3a signal pathway. Oncotarget, 8(11):17475.
Feng J., Xu R., Li Y., Zhou Q., Song, G., Deng Y., Yan Y., 2021. The effect of high-fat diet and exercise on KISS-1/GPR54 expression in testis of growing rats. Nutrition and Metabolism, 18(1):1-10.
Gaspar R.C., Veiga C.B., Bessi M.P., Dátilo M.N., Sant'Ana M.R., Rodrigues P.B., de Moura L.P., da Silva A.S.R., Santos G.A., Catharino R.R., Ropelle E.R. 2019. Unsaturated fatty acids from flaxseed oil and exercise modulate GPR120 but not GPR40 in the liver of obese mice: a new anti-inflammatory approach. The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 66:52-62.
Jokar M., Salesi M. 2020. The Effect of Endurance Exercise On the Content of Ampk and Pgc-1α Proteins in The Left Ventricular Heart Tissue of Rats with Type 2 Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism, 19(5): 252-260. [In Persian]
Leandro CG., Levada AC., Hirabara SM., Manhaes-de-Castro R., De-Castro CB., Curi R., Pithon-Curi TC. 2007. A program of moderate physical training for Wistar rats based on maximal oxygen consumption. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(3):751-756.
Liu, D., Wang, L., Meng, Q., Kuang, H. and Liu, X. 2012. G-protein coupled receptor 120 is involved in glucose metabolism in fat cells. Cellular and Molecular Biology, 58(2):1757-62.
Liu H.D., Wang W.B., Xu Z.G., Liu C.H., He, D.F., Du, L.P., Li, M.Y., Yu, X. and Sun, J.P. 2015. FFA4 receptor (GPR120): A hot target for the development of anti-diabetic therapies. European Journal of Pharmacology, 763:160-168.
Liu W., Wang, Z., Xia, Y., Kuang, H., Liu S., Li L., Tang C., Yin D. 2019. The balance of apoptosis and autophagy via regulation of the AMPK signal pathway in aging rat striatum during regular aerobic exercise. Experimental Gerontology, 124:110647.
Sasidharan S.R., Joseph J.A., Anandakumar S., Venkatesan V., Ariyattu Madhavan C.N., Agarwal A. 2013. An experimental approach for selecting appropriate rodent diets for research studies on metabolic disorders. BioMed Research International, 2013:752870.
Steinberg G.R., Kemp B.E. 2009. AMPK in health and disease. Physiological Reviews, 89(3):1025-1078.
Tiwari N., Thakur A.K., Kumar V., Dey A., Kumar V. 2014. Therapeutic targets for diabetes mellitus: an update. Clinical Pharmacology Biopharmacology, 3(1):1.
Tuttle L.J., Hastings M.K., Mueller M.J. 2012. A moderate-intensity weight-bearing exercise program for a person with type 2 diabetes and peripheral neuropathy. Physical Therapy, 92(1):133-141.
Zhang D., Leung P.S. 2014. Potential roles of GPR120 and its agonists in the management of diabetes. Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 8:1013.
Zhao Y., Li Y., Liu Q., Tang Q., Zhang Z., Zhang J., Huang C., Huang H., Zhang G., Zhou J., Yan J. 2021. Canagliflozin Facilitates Reverse Cholesterol Transport Through Activation of AMPK/ABC Transporter Pathway. Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 15:2117.
_||_
