A Study On Epistemological Foundations of Sadrian System for Teaching Philosophy

Subject Areas : Epistemological researches

mohammad nasiri ^{1 *} , azam ghasemi ² , roohollah karimi ³ , hadi vakili ⁴

1 - Ph.D Candidate of Philosophy, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies
2 - Associate Professor of Philosophy of Religion, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies
3 - Associate Professor of Comparative Studies in Mysticism, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies
4 - Associate Professor of Comparative Studies in Mysticism, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies

Received: 2025-08-30 Accepted : 2025-11-03 Published : 2025-11-22

Keywords: Sadrian philosophy, transcendental wisdom, epistemology, teaching philosophy.,

Abstract :

there is a strict differentiation in Sadrian philosophy, mostly known as Transcendental Wisdom (Hikmat al-Muta'aliyyah), between philosophy, as a human cognitive activity, and wisdom, as one which works through intuition and inspiration from divinity; hence, for Mulla Sadra, the last destination and ultimate goal of philosophy necessarily has to be intuitive wisdom. one could say philosophy is just a vehicle to reach this point.  such a position ends up in a perplexing epistemological dilemma: if intuitive wisdom has to be the last destination and if such  wisdom is intuitive and divine inspiring upon human soul, then it has to be necessarily personal, subjective matter which could not be taught or share with others. far from this, there are another troublesome issues to name a few, the problem of criterion for assessing beliefs and epistemological claims as well as the universality and inter-subjectivity of intuitive claims, could be mentioned. on the other hand, Sadrian epistemological foundations claim that they could guarantee objective truth, i.e., give us truthful statement which are true for any unbiased person; Mulla Sadra relied on the sameness of objective and subjective existence to prove and demonstrate it, while the basis, i.e., the mentioned sameness, is under recursive, indispensable question, to the extent that makes the whole argument suspicious. on these basis in this paper it is concluded that Sadrian epistemological could not be a suitable ground for building a system of teaching philosophy on.

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