Phytochemical investigation of the roots of Ficus exasperata Vahl. (Moraceae) led to the isolation of a new cinnamic acid derivative, named ficusanol (1) along with eleven known compounds: 3-(6-methoxybenzo[b]furan-5-yl)propenoic acid (2), bergapten (3), oxypeucedanin hydrate (4), marmesin (5), decursinol (6), aridanin (7), betulinic acid (8), maslinic acid (9), a mixture of stigmasterol (10) and β-sitosterol (11), and sitosteryl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (12). The structures of the new compound as well as those of the known ones were established by the means of usual spectroscopic methods: NMR (1H, 13C, DEPT, COSY, HSQC and HMBC) data and HR-ESIMS data. Crude extract and compounds 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7 were evaluated for their radical scavenging potency using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay. Accordingly, the compound 6 showed significant antioxidant activity with IC50 = 25.10 ± 0.91 µg/mL, whereas the other compounds showed only moderate activity at high concentrations. Compounds 2, 6 and 7 were also evaluated for their cytotoxic activity among which the compound 7 exhibited a strong cytotoxic activity with a viability percentage of 3.5% on mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y. Manuscript profile