Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric mathematical programming method used to assess performance and measure the efficiency of Decision-making Units (DMUs) that operate with multiple concurrent inputs and outputs. The performance of these units is influenced by the utilization of input resources. While an increase in input utilization typically leads to higher production levels, there are scenarios where increased input usage results in decreased outputs. This phenomenon is termed congestion. Given that alleviating congestion can reduce costs and enhance production, it holds significant importance in economics. This paper introduces a method for identifying congestion based on a defined modeling framework. A DMU is considered congested when reducing inputs in at least one component leads to increased outputs in at least one component, and increasing inputs in at least one component can be achieved by reducing outputs in at least one component, without improvement in other indicators. The paper explores congestion in DMUs with both increasing and decreasing inputs. Manuscript profile