Historical sociology of the Jews of Mecca and Medina and their treatment of the Prophet

Subject Areas : Journal of History (Tarikh)

esmat abdolahi ¹ (Ph.D student in Islamic Theology and Islamic Knowledge of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Yadegar-e-Imam khomeini(RAH)Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran,Iran)
fatemeh khalili ² (Assistant Professor, Department of Theology and Islamic Knowledge of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Yadegar-e-Imam Khomeini(RAH)Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran (Corespending Author))

Received: 2022-05-24 Accepted : 2022-08-22 Published : 2024-06-06

Keywords: &quot, Prophet&quot, , &quot, Jews&quot, , &quot, Medina&quot, , &quot, HolyQuran&quot, , &quot, Historical Sociology&quot, ,

Abstract :

When the Prophet entered Medina, many Jews lived in that city who had close relations with the Arabs living in Medina. Thus, after entering the city, the Prophet (PBUH) made a pact of alliance with the Jews, and because they were the People of the Book, he tried to persuade them to convert to Islam with the enlightening verses of the Qur'an. The present study tries to answer the question, what was the evolution of the Prophet's discourse in relation to the Jews of Medina (according to the verses of the Qur'an)? According to the verses of the Qur'an, he tried to establish peaceful relations with the Jews; He first tried to present the verses of the Qur'an to them and thus warn them and invite the Jews to Islam by warning and establishing peaceful interaction with them. But because the Jews resisted and argued with the enlightening messages of Islam, the Holy Prophet (PBUH) turned away from them based on the verses of the Qur'an and warned them of the consequences of the method they had taken; Finally, receiving the Jizyah from them and fighting them as the last divine command was revealed to the Prophet against those of the People of the Book who were stubborn and hostile to the Muslims.