The effect of topical application of autologous blood serum and platelet rich plasma mixture on clinical vision improvement after induction of experimental corneal stromal ulcers in rabbit

Subject Areas : Veterinary Clinical Pathology

رامین  Kaffash Elahi ¹ (Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran)
S.J  Aledavood ² (Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran)
علی  Rezaei ³ (Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch, Tabriz, Iran,)

Received: 2008-10-30 Accepted : 2009-01-19 Published : 2009-02-19

Keywords: vision, Corneal ulcer, PRP, autologous blood serum,

Abstract :

     Corneal ulcers which are mostly due to trauma are among the most common ocular disorders of animals that if not cured properly, might progress to blindness. In this research, the effects of platelet derived rich plasma (PRP) combined with autologous blood serum on vision improvement time (attainment of maximum corneal clarity) following creation of deep corneal stromal ulcer was evaluated. For this purpose, 25 adult male New Zealand which rabbits which were allocated to three groups of positive control (10 rabbits), negative control (5 rabbits) and treatment (10 rabbits) were used. In the control corneal regions of each animal, a deep stromal ulcer (extending from the corneal epithelium to the last stromal layer) with a diameter of 4mm was created by means of a probe. Then in the treatment group, pre-prepared PRP was placed immediately on the ulcer and autologous serum drop was administered as 2 drop, 3 times per day for 35 days. In the positive control group Chloramphenicol, Ciprofloxacin and Naphazoline ophthalmic drops and in the negative control group only distilled water were used in the same manner. During the 35 days of the study period, the visual status of the rabbits was evaluated daily. Based on clinical examinations, the treatment group achieved ideal vision significantly faster than the negative and positive control groups and the created ulcer had healed with the least amount of scar production (maximum light penetration from the cornea). Based on the results of this study, the used of PRP is recommended in the treatment of superficial to deep corneal ulcers to obtain faster heading, better vision improvement and least scar production.  

References:

1. Butterfield, K.J., Bennett, J., Gronowicz, G. and Adams, D. (2005): Effect of plateletrich plasma with autogenous bone graft for maxillary sinus augmentation in a rabbit model. J. Oral Maxillofac Surg., 63: 370-376.


2. Cerwinka, W.H., Cooper, D., Krieglstein, C.F., Ross, C.R., McCord, J.M. and Granger, D.N. (2003): Superoxide mediates endotoxin-induced platelet-endothelial cell adhesion in intestinal venules. American Journal of Physiology, 284: H535–H541.


3. Cooper, D., Chitman, K.D., Williams, M.C. and Granger, D.N. (2003): Time-dependent platelet-vessel wall interactions induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion. American Journal of Physiology, 284: G1027–G1033.


4. Federico Luengo Gimeno, Silvia Gatto, José Ferro, Juan Oscar Croxatto and Juan Eduardo Gallo (2006): Preparation of platelet-rich plasma as a tissue adhesive for experimental transplantation in rabbits. Thrombosis Journal, 4: 18.


5. Fox, R., Chan, R., Michelson, J.B., Belmont, J.B. and Michelson, PE. (1984): Beneficial effect of artificial tears made with autologous serum in patients with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Arthritis Rheum., 27: 459-461.


6. Gawaz, M., Langer, H. and May, A.E. (2005): Platelets in inflammation and atherogenesis. J. Clin. Invest., 115: 3378–3384.


7. Goto, E., Shimmura, S., Shimazaki, J. and Tsubota, K. (2001): Treatment of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis by application of autologous serum. Cornea, 20: 807-810.


8. Hartwig, D., Harloff, S., Liu, L., Schlenke, P., Wedel, T. and Geerling, G. (2004): Epitheliotrophic capacity of a growth factor preparation produced form platelet concentrates on corneal epithelial cells: a potential agent for the treatment of ocular surface defects. Transfusion Journal, 44: 1724-1731.


9. Kuligowski, M.P., Kitching, A.R. and Hickey M.J. (2006): Leukocyte recruitment to the inflamed glomerulus: a critical role for platelet-derived P-selectin in the absence of rolling. Journal of Immunology, 176: 6991–6999.


10. Man, D., Plosker, H. and Winland-Brown, J.E. (2001): The use of autologous platelet-rich plasma (platelet gel) and autologous platelet poor plasma (fibrin glue) in cosmetic surgery. Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, 107: 229-237.


11. Marquez, D., Arasena, R. and Monter, O. (2007): Subconjunctival application of plasma platelet concentrate in the treatment of ocular burns, preliminary results, Archivus Dela Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia, 82: 475-482.


12. Matras, H. (1985): Fibrin seals the state of the art. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 43: 605.


13. Nishijima, K., Kiryu, J. and Tsujikawa, A., et al. (2001): In vivo evaluation of platelet– endothelial interactions after transient retinal ischemia. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 42: 2102–2109.


14. Nishijima, K., Kiryu, J. and Tsujikawa, A., et al. (2004): Platelets adhering to the vascular wall mediate postischemic leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in retinal microcirculation. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci., 45: 977–984.


15. Pierce, G.F., Mustoe, T.A., Altrock, B.W., Deuel, T.F. and Thomason, A. (1991): Role of platelet-derived growth factor in wound healing. Journal of Cell Biochemistry, 45: 319-326.


16. Reid B., Song, B., Colin, D. and Zhao, M. (2000): Wound healing in rat cornea: the role of electric currents, Ophthalmology Journal, 107: 1347-1351.


17. Ross, R. (1987): Platelet-derived growth factors. Ann. Rev. Med., 38: 71-79.


18. Tailor, A., Cooper, D. and Granger, D.N. (2005): Platelet-vessel wall interactions in the microcirculation. Microcirculation Journal, 12: 275–285.


19. Tsubota, K., Goto, E., Fujita, H., Ono, M., Inoue, H. and Saito, I. (1999): Treatment of dry eye by autologous serum application in Sjogren's syndrome. British Journal of Ophthalmoly, 83: 390-395.


20. Tsubota, K., Goto, E., Shimmura, S. and Shimazaki, J. (1999): Treatment of persistent corneal epithelial defect by application of autologous serum. Ophthalmology Journal, 106: 1984-1989.


21. Vaugan, D. and Asbury, C. (2004): General Ophthalmology. 16^th ed., Chapter 6, Philadelphia, Saunders, pp: 127-143.


22. Zhijie, L., Rolando, E., Rumbaut Alan, R.B., and Wayne Smith, C. (2003): Platelet response to corneal abrasion is necessary for acute inflammation and efficient re-epithelialization, FASEB Journal, 17: 397–407.