Histologic and histomorphometric study of epididymis after immobilization stress in mice
Subject Areas :
Veterinary Clinical Pathology
esmaiel safavi
1
,
hadi khayyatnouri
2
1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تبریز، دانشکده دامپزشکی، استادیار گروه علوم پایه، تبریز، ایران.
2 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تبریز، دانشکده دامپزشکی، استادیار گروه علوم پایه، تبریز، ایران.
Received: 2013-10-08
Accepted : 2014-03-03
Published : 2013-11-22
Keywords:
Immobilization stress,
Epididymis,
Histology,
Histomorphometry,
Abstract :
Immobilization stress as a physical and psychological stress, has adverse effects on various body tissues. Numerous studies have been conducted on the effects of stress on reproductive system and fertility. The Main aim of this study is evaluation of effect of immobilization stress on epididymal tissue in mice. In this study 140 adult male mice were randomly divided in to 7 groups as test and 7 groups as control animals. In test groups,the animals were subjected to immobilizationstress for 1, 3, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days respectively. In control groups,the animals were only handled. After the experimental periods, blood samples were collected for measurements of serum cortisol and testosterone and epididymal tissue samples were obtained for histologic and histomorphometric study. The results of this study showed that level of testostrone in all test groups significantly decreased in comparison tothe control groups(p<0/05). Cortisol level in test group at 1, 3, 7, and15 days significantly increased (p<0/05) and in other groups no significant difference was observed. Histological study showed that in groups which were stressed for 30,45 and 60 days ,in head ,body and tail of epididym ,diameter of tubules were decreased and interstitial tissue significantly increased (p<0/05). thickness of epithelium in head and body of epididym and in the tail region significantly decreased (p<0/05) in groups which were under stress for 15, 30, 45 and 60 days and 30, 45and 60 days respectively (p<0/05). Result of this study confirmed adverse effect of immobilization stress on epididymal tissue with increasein time of stress, side effects also increases.
References:
بدل زاده، ر. (1388). کلیات فیزیولوژی پزشکی، (ترجمه). تالیف: کانونگ ویلیام، انتشارات جهان ادیب، تهران، ایران، صفحات: 343-339.
خدایاری فرد،م. و پرند، ا. (1390). استرس و روشهای مقابله با آن. چاپ دوم، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران، صفحات: 12-10.
قاسمی، م.، رجایی، ف.، محمد نژاد، د. و جوادی، ا. (1390). اثرات هیستوپاتولوژیک استرس اجتماعی بر مجاری تناسلی موش سوری نر. مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اردبیل، دوره یازدهم، شماره چهارم، صفحات:362- 354.
Almeida, S., Petenusci, J., Anselmo, A. and Rosa, S. (1998). Decreased spermatogenic and androgenic testicular function in adult rats submitted to immobilization – induced stress from prepuberty. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 31(11): 1443-1448.
Bruce, S. and Alfred, E. (2007). Physiology and neurobiology of stress and adaptation: central role of the brain. Physiological Reviews, 87: 873-879.
Demura, R., Suzuki, T., Nakamura, S., Komatsu, H. and Demuar, H. (1989). Effect of immobilization stress on testosterone and inhibin in male rat. Journal of Andrology, 10(3): 210-213.
Edward, T., Matthew, F., Taylor, T. and Angank, K. (1994). Acute immobilization stress disrupts testicular streidogenesis in adult male rats by inhibiting the activities of 17a-hydroxylas and 17, 20 lyase without affecting the binding of LH/HCG receptors. Journal of Andrology, 15(4): 302-308.
Fard, M, Rajaei, F. and Javadi, A. (2012). The effect of chronic multiple sequential stress on rat epididim. Journal of Fertility and Sterility, 6(1): 57-62.
Fan, X. and Robaire, B. (1998). Orchidectomy induces a wave of apoptotic cell death in epididymis. Endocrinology, 139(4): 2128-2136.
Fischer, H., Heinzeller, T. and Raab, A. (1985). Gonadal response to psychosocial stress in male shrews tree (Tupaia belangeri) morphometry of testis, epididymis and prostate. Andrologia. 17(3): 262-275.
Gao, H., Tong, M., Hu, Y., Guo, Q., Ge, R. and Hardy, M. (2002). Glucocorticoid induces apoptosis in rat Leydig cells. Endocrinology, 143(1): 130-138.
Jae sang, J., Kwangsung, P., Kyu, A. and Yang, P. (2006). The effect of long term immobilization stress on spermatogenesis and testostrone production. Korean Journal of Urology, 7(1): 1197-1203.
Knol, B. (1991). Stress and the endocrine hypothalamus-pituitary-testis system: A review. Veterinary Quarterly, 13(2): 104-114.
Miller, L. and Smith, A. (2013). The different kind of stress. http:/www.apa.org/helpcenter/stress kind.aspx.
Minton, J., Wetteman, R., Meyerhoeffer, D. and Turman, E. (1981). Serum testosterone in bulls during exposure to elevated ambient temperature. Journal of Animal Science, 53(6): 1551-1558.
Murthy, N., Wary, S., Melville, G., Wynter, N., Ram, N. and Haran, N. (1988). Testicular function in rat following immobilization stress. International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics. 26(2): 297-299.
Qiang, D., Antonio, S., Chantal, M., Enmei, N., Holms, M. and Matthew, P. (2004). Rapid glucocorticoid mediation of suppressed testosterone biosynthesis in male mice subjected to immobilization stress. Journal of Andrology, 25(6): 973-981.
Rai, J., Pander, S. and Srivastava, R. (2003). Effect of immobilization stress on spermatogenesis of albino rats. Journal of the Anatomical Society of India. 52(1): 55-57.
Rivier, C., Rivier, J. and Vale, W. (1986). Stress-induced inhibition of reproductive functions: Role of endogenous corticotropin-releasing factor. Science, 231(4738): 607-609.
Singh, A. and Sharma, R. (2011). Effect of stress on epididymis in albino rat. International Journal of Medical and Clinical Research, 2(1): 20-21.
Smithwick, E. and Young, L. (2001). Histological effects of androgen deprivation on the adult chimpanzee epididymis. Tissue and Cell, 33(5): 450-461.
Weissman, B., Chantal, M., Ping, Z. and Iadecola, C. (2007). Testosterone production in mice lacking indicible nitric oxide synthase expression is sensitive to restrain stress. American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism, 292(2): 615-620.
