Investigating gender change in criminal jurisprudence (case study of chapters on Hudud, Qisas and Diat)
Subject Areas : Jurisprudence and criminal law and criminologyMohammad Bagher Mohammadi Laeeni 1 , Mojtaba Hosseinnezhad 2
1 - Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Studies, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran.
2 - Associate Professor of Judiciary Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.
Keywords: Change of gender, based on reason, rule of caution in temperature, based on limits on discounts, rule of door, interpretation in favor of the accused,
Abstract :
Undoubtedly, the issue of gender change is one of the common and problematic issues in today's society. This research examines this emerging phenomenon in jurisprudence and criminal law. Due to the existence of many assumptions, the only ruling on the issue of gender change before the crime occurs is examined in the chapters of Hudud, Qisas and Dayat. After examining and examining the evidence, it can be said: Although the application is necessary to follow the rulings in accordance with the state after gender change, but due to the doubt in concluding the matter in the state after gender change, it is not correct to adhere to the application. Also, although it may be necessary for a reason such as rational basis, to consider the state after gender change, but in the chapters of Hudud and Qisas, the specific rules of these chapters such as the rule of caution in temperature, the basis of Hudud on discounts and the rule of Dara due to the importance of the chapter of Hudud and Its retribution and seriousness, as well as the special sensitivity of the Shariah to these chapters, especially when they lead to blood, govern the foundation of rationality, and because of narrowing, it narrows the subject of reason, such as the foundation of rationality, to definite cases in these chapters, and accordingly The requirement of these special rules is the implementation of the least punishment in this matter. This government is in accordance with the taste of Sharia in these chapters. In the matter of diet, considering the non-flow of the above three rules, it is necessary to consider the condition after the change of gender and, accordingly, infer the verdict based on that condition. In case of insisting on not accepting the rational basis, the basic rule is the process of assihab, according to which the state before gender change (primary creation) is assihab and the ruling is deduced based on it. In all of these cases, it is not possible to insist on the signs and correctness of carrying as signs of truth and understanding of the meaning, because there is a flaw in their meaning.
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