Effect of Salinity on Osmotic Adjustment, Yield and Essence of Local Landraces Ajowan (Trachyspermum ammi L.)

Subject Areas : Journal of Crop Ecophysiology

Isa Piri ¹ , Mousa Keshtegar ² , Abolfazl Tavassoli ³ , Mehdi Babaeian ⁴

1 - Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Iran
2 - Agronomy, Payame Noor University, Zahedan Center, Zahedan, Iran
3 - Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Iran
4 - Department of Crop production, Higher Education Complex of Shirvan, Shirvan, Iran

Received: 2016-02-01 Accepted : 2016-08-24 Published : 2017-10-23

Keywords: yield, osmotic adjustment, Salt stress, Essence, Ajowan,

Abstract :

Ajowan is one of the most important medicinal plants in Zahedan region. Salinity and drought are the main causes of yield reduction of plants in Sistan and Balochestan. To evaluate the effect of salinity on yield and quality of ajowan a factorial experiment with randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at the greenhouse of the Payam Noor University of Agriculture in Zahedan in 2016. Treatments were two populations of ajowan: C1: local and C2: Pakistani which were considered as the first factor and five salinity levels 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 d/ms as the second. The results of this experiment showed that highest root length, stem height, plant fresh weight and plant dry weight and yield of essence belonged to local population under saline condition. Increasing salinity levels beyond 4 ds/ms decreased quantitative traits significantly but increased essential oil content and concentrations of osmotic regulants (prolin and carbohydrate) as compared to that of control. This may indicate that ajowan is tolerant to salinity.

References:

• · Abedi, M., S. Ebrahimi Birang, N. Ahrani, M. Mehrdadi, N. Khaledi, and M. Cheraghi. 2003. Use salty water in sustainable agriculture. Publication of the National Committee of Irrigation and Drainage. Pages 149-34. (In Persian).


• · Alamgir, A.N.M., M.E. Chowdhury, and M.A. Rahman. 2013. Effects of salinity applied at different growth stages on growth and yield attributes of four HYV of wheat. Chittagong University studies. Part II, Scientific. 16(1): 133-140.


• · Azevedo Neto, A.D., J.T. Prisco, J. Ehneas-Filho, C.E.B. Areu, and E. Gomes-filho. 2006. Effects of salt stress on antioxidative enzymes and liquid peroxidation in leaves and roots of salt tolerance and salt sensitive maize genotypes. Environment Experiment Botany. 56: 81-94.


• · Babaeian, M., M. Haydari, and A. Ghanbari. 2009. Effects of foliar micronutrient application on osmotic adjustments, grain yield and yield components in sunflower (alster cultivar) under water stress at three stages. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources.119-129 (In Persian).


• · Baghalian, K., A. Haghity, M.R. Naghavi, and A. Mohammadi. 2008. Effect of saline irrigation water on agronomical and phytochemical characters of chamomile (Matricariarecutita L.). Scientia Horticulturae. 116: 437-441.


• · Bates, L.S., R.P. Waldern., and E.D. Teare. 1973. Rapid determination of free prolin for water stress studies. Plant and Soil. 39: 205-207.


• · Darwishi, B., K. Postini, and R. Tokolafeshari. 2005. Photosynthetic response of four Iranian alfalfa cultivars to salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 36 (6): 1529-1538. (In Persian).


• · Davazdah Emami, S., and D. Mazaheri. 2009. Effect of salinity on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Carum copticum. Iranian Journal of Medical Plant. 4: 504-512.


• · Greenway, H., and R. Munns. 2000. Mechanism of salt tolerance in non-halophytes. Annual Review of Plant Physiology. 31: 149-190.


• · Hasani, A., R. Omidbeigi, and H. Heidari Sharif-Abadi. 2002. Effect of soil moisture on the growth, yield and accumulation and compatibility metabolites of basil. Soil Science and Water. 17 (2): 12-4. (In Persian).


• · Hashemi Dezfooli, A., A. Koocheki, and M. Banayan Aval. 1999. Increased crop yield. Publications University of Mashhad. Third edition. Pages 45-31. (In Persian).


• · Heidari, A. 2014. The effect of foliar application of citric acid and salicylic acid on salinity tolerance of hibiscus. Master of Agriculture, University of Payam Noor Zahedan. (In Persian).


• · Hejazizadeh, H. 2014. Effects of water stress and seed priming on yield and essence of fennel. Master of Agriculture, University of Payam Noor Zahedan. (In Persian).


• · Kafi, M., and A.M. Damghani. 2001. Mechanisms of plant resistance to environmental stresses. University of Mashhad. Pages 48-42. (In Persian).


• · Kerepesi, H., and G. Galiba. 2000. Osmotic and salt stress induced alteration in soluble carbohydrate content in wheat seeding. Crop Science. 40: 482-487.


• · Khan, M.A., M.U. Shirazi, S.M. Mujtaba, E. Islam, S. Mumtaz, A. Shereen, R.U. Ansariand, and M. Yasin Ashraf. 2009. Role of prolin, K/Na ratio and chlorophyll content in salt tolerance of wheat (Triticumaestivum L.). Pakistan Journal of Botany. 41(2): 633-638.


• · Majnoon Hosseini, H., and S. Davazdahemami. 2008. Agriculture and generate some herbs and spice. Tehran University Press, Page. 300. (In Persian).


• · Munne, S., and J. Penuelas. 2004. Drought-induced oxidative stress in strawberry tree growing in Mediterranean field condition. Journal Plant Science. 166: 1105-1110.


• · Munns, R. 2002. Comparative physiology of salt and water stress. Plant Cell Environmental. 25: 239–250.


• · Piri, E., A. Harati., A. Tavassoli., and M. Babaeian. 2017. Effect of Using Different Levels Manure on Quality and Quantity of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) under Salt Stress Condition. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 10: (4): 959-974. (In Persian).


• · Ramakrishna, A., and G.A. Ravishankar. 2011. Influence of abiotic stress signals on secondary metabolites in plants. Plant Signaling and Behavior. 6: 1720-1731.


• · Safarnejad, A., V.A. Sadr, and H. Hamid. 2008. Effect of salinity on morphological characteristics of Nigella. Journal of Genetically Modified Species and Forest. 15 (1): 84- 94.


• · Sarani, Sh. 2005. Effect of different levels of salinity on seed germination of six medicinal plants. Conference on Medicinal Plants, Tehran. Page 49.


• Schlegel H.G. 1956. Die verwertung organischer sauren durch chlorella in lincht. Planta. 47: 510- 514.


• Shams aldin-Said, M., H. Farahbakhsh, and A. Maghsoudi. 2006. Effects of salinity on germination, growth and accumulation of inorganic ions of winter rapeseed varieties. Agronomy Crop Science Congress of Iran, Tehran University, Aboureihan. Pages 531-528. (In Persian)


• Vojodi Mehrabani, L., Hassanpour aghdam, M., R.Valizadeh Kamran. 2017. Growth and some physiological characteristics of savory (Satureja hortensis L.) as affected by salinity stress. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology 11(1): 99-110.(In Persian).